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Erschienen in: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery 1/2012

01.03.2012 | Original Article

Thermo-chemical conversion of solid biofuels

Conversion technologies and their classification

verfasst von: Annett Pollex, Andreas Ortwein, Martin Kaltschmitt

Erschienen in: Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery | Ausgabe 1/2012

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Abstract

Biomass in general and solid biofuels in particular has gained increased attention as a renewable source of energy that can contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emission as well as the security of supply. Hence, it is increasingly used with an array of different technologies. These different conversion technologies are based on the principles of thermo-chemical conversion. Against this background, the goal of this paper is it to draw an overall picture of the differences and the dependencies of these different thermo-chemical conversion options. To achieve this aim, the influence of fuel composition related as well as process related parameters on the course and the products of the various thermo-chemical conversion processes are analysed and assessed in detail.

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Fußnoten
1
Though hemicellulose is not a single molecule nor is there only one kind of hemicellulose the term hemicellulose is used in the following in the singular form. In this way, in the following chapters the term hemicellulose describes the whole group of different hemicellulose molecules.
 
2
To define pyrolytic decomposition as a process step, an inert atmosphere is assumed. However, a completely inert atmosphere is not feasible for real pyrolytic decompositions. In particular, significant amounts of water will be released during heating and drying of the biomass and carbon dioxide can be formed in the early stages of pyrolytic decomposition. Thus, in context of this paper, pyrolytic decompositions cover only those reactions not involving a reactant.
 
3
Hydrocarbons were chosen as example since the oxygen content of lignocellulosic biomass decreases during the preceding pyrolysis and to simplify matters.
 
4
In the context of this paper, increasing excess air coefficient reflects the fact that more oxygen is available while the source of oxygen may be oxygen itself or air but as well water or carbon dioxide.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Thermo-chemical conversion of solid biofuels
Conversion technologies and their classification
verfasst von
Annett Pollex
Andreas Ortwein
Martin Kaltschmitt
Publikationsdatum
01.03.2012
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery / Ausgabe 1/2012
Print ISSN: 2190-6815
Elektronische ISSN: 2190-6823
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s13399-011-0025-z

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