nach oben

Erschienen in:

2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Thermochemical Conversion of Solid Biofuels: Processes and Techniques

verfasst von : Daniel Christ, Marvin Scherzinger, Ulf Neuling, Martin Kaltschmitt

Erschienen in: Energy from Organic Materials (Biomass)

Verlag: Springer New York

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Excerpt

λ-value

Relation between the supplied and the stoichiometric needed amount of oxygen.

Biomass

Material from biological origin excluding material embedded in geological formations and transformed to fossil; this includes living matter and products resulting from it as well as by-products, residues, and wastes.

Combustion

Complete oxidation of organic material under release of heat.

Gasification

Reaction with an external fumigator to produce a gaseous energy carrier.

Pyrolytic decomposition

Thermal destruction of macromolecules biomass consists of (mainly cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin).

Residence time

Time period within a certain conversion process to get the desired product from the used biofuel.

Thermochemical conversion

Heat induced conversion of biomass into different secondary energy carriers and/or into useful energy.

…

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Biomass as Renewable Source of Energy: Possible Conversion Routes

Nächstes Kapitel Solid Biofuels and Their Characteristics

Hoogwijk M, Faaij A, Eickhout B, de Vries B, Turkenburg W (2005) Potential of biomass energy out to 2100, for four IPCC SRES land-use scenarios. Biomass Bioenergy 29:225–257CrossRef

Wilk V, Hofbauer H, Kaltschmitt M (2016) Thermo-chemische Umwandlungsprozesse. In: Kaltschmitt M, Hartmann H, Hofbauer H (eds) Energie aus Biomasse, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 646–683

Liu C, Wang H, Karim A, Sun J, Wang Y (2014) Catalytic fast pyrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Chem Soc Rev 43:7594–7623CrossRef

Hartmann H (2016) Brennstoffzusammensetzung und -eigenschaften. In: Kaltschmitt M, Hartmann H, Hofbauer H (eds) Energie aus Biomasse, 3rd edn. Springer, Berlin/Heidelberg, pp 580–606

E. r. C. o. t. Netherlands (2017) Phyllis2, database for biomass and waste [Online]. Available: https://www.ecn.nl/phyllis2. Accessed 21 June 2017

Pérez J, Munoz-Dorado J, de la Rubia T, Martinez J (2002) Biodegradation and biological treatment of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin: an overview. Int Microbiol 5:53–63CrossRef

Brebu M, Vasile C (2010) Thermal degradation of lignin – a review. Cellul Chem Technol 44:353–363

Funke A, Ziegler F (2010) Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass: a summary and discussion of chemical mechanisms for process engineering. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 4:160–177CrossRef

Kan T, Strezov V, Evans T (2016) Lignocellulosic biomass pyrolysis: a review of product properties and effects of pyrolysis parameters. Renew Sust Energ Rev 57:1126–1140CrossRef

10.

Branca C, Albano A, Di Blasi C (2005) Critical evaluation of global mechanisms of wood devolatilization. Thermochim Acta 429:133–141CrossRef

11.

Kwapinski W, Byrne C, Kryachko E, Wolfram P, Adley C, Leahy J, Novotny E, Hayes M (2010) Biochar from biomass and waste. Waste and Biomass Valorization 1:177–189CrossRef

12.

Townsend S, Abraham M, Huppert G, Klein M, Paspek S (1988) Solvent effects during reactions in supercritical water. Ind Eng Chem Res 27:143–149CrossRef

13.

Libra J, Ro K, Kamman C, Funke A, Berge N, Neubauer Y, Titirici MM, Fühner C, Bens O, Kern J (2011) Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass residuals: a comparative review of the chemistry, processes and applications of wet and dry pyrolysis. Biofuels 2:71–106CrossRef

14.

Peterson A, Vogel F, Lachance R, Fröling M, Antal M, Tester J (2008) Thermochemical biofuel production in hydrothermal media: a review of sub- and supercritical water technologies. Energy Environ Sci 1:32–65CrossRef

15.

Kruse A (2008) Supercritical water gasification. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 2:415–437CrossRef

16.

Lu Y, Guo L, Zhang X, Yan Q (2007) Thermodynamic modeling and analysis of biomass gasification for hydrogen production in supercritical water. Chem Eng J 131:233–244CrossRef

17.

Neuling U, Kaltschmitt M, Hofbauer H (2016) Einordnung der thermo-chemischen Verfahren. In: Kaltschmitt M, Hartmann H, Hofbauer H (eds) Energie aus Biomasse, 3rd edn. Springer, Berin/Heidelberg, pp 684–697

18.

Chew J, Doshi V (1991) Recent advances in biomass pretreatment – Torrefaction fundamentals and technology. Renew Sust Energ Rev 15:4212–4222CrossRef

19.

Yan W, Acharjee TC, Coronella CJ, Vasquez VR (2009) Thermal pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass. Environ Prog Sustain Energy 28:435–440CrossRef

20.

Bergmann PC, Kiel JH (2005) Torrefaction for biomass upgrading. 14th European Biomass Conference & Exhibition, Paris

21.

Chen WH, Hsu HC, Lu KM, Lee WJ, Lin TC (2011) Thermal pretreatment of wood (Lauan) block by torrefaction and its influence on the properties of the biomass. Energy 36:3012–3021CrossRef

22.

Quicker P, Weber K (2016) Biokohle – Herstellung, Eigenschaften und Verwendung von Biomassekarbonisaten. Springer Vieweg, Wiesbaden

23.

Sensöz S (2003) Slow pyrolysis of wood barks from Pinus brutia Ten. and product compositions. Bio/Technology 89:307–311

24.

Lee Y, Park J, Ryu C, Gang K, Yang W, Park YK, Jung J, Hyun S (2013) Comparison of biochar properties from biomass residues produced by slow pyrolysis at 500 °C. Bio/Technology 148:196–201

25.

Bridgwater A (2012) Review of fast pyrolysis of biomass and product upgrading. Biomass Bioenergy 38:68–94CrossRef

26.

Osowski S, Neumann S, Fahlenkamp H (2005) Gasification of biogenic solid fuels. Chem Eng Technol 28:596–604CrossRef

27.

Heidenreich S, Foscolo P (2015) New concepts in biomass gasification. Prog Energy Combust Sci 46:72–95CrossRef

28.

Yan W, Hastings JT, Acharjee TC, Coronella CJ, Vasquez VR (2010) Mass and energy balances of wet Torrefaction of lignocellulosic biomass. Energy Fuel 24:4738–4742CrossRef

29.

Reza M, Andert J, Wirth B, Busch D, Pielert J, Lynam J, Mumme J (2014) Hydrothermal carbonization of biomass for energy and crop production. Appl Bioenergy 1:11–29CrossRef

30.

Hu B, Wang K, Wu L, Yu SH, Antonietti M, Tirici MM (2010) Engineering carbon materials from the hydrothermal carbonization process of biomass. Adv Mater 22:813–828CrossRef

31.

Toor S, Rosendahl L, Rudolf A (2011) Hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass: a review of subcritical water technologies. Energy 36:2328–2342CrossRef

32.

Akhtar J, Amin N (2011) A review on process conditions for optimum bio-oil yield in hydrothermal liquefaction of biomass. Renew Sust Energ Rev 15:1615–1624CrossRef

33.

Schmieder H, Abeln J, Boukis N, Dinjus E, Kruse A, Kluth M, Petrich G, Sadri E, Schacht M (2000) Hydrothermal gasification of biomass and organic wastes. J Supercrit Fluids 17:145–153CrossRef

34.

Kruse A (2009) Hydrothermal biomass gasification. J Supercrit Fluids 47:391–399CrossRef

35.

Elloitt D (2008) Catalytic hydrothermal gasification of biomass. Biofuels Bioprod Biorefin 2:254–265CrossRef

Titel: Thermochemical Conversion of Solid Biofuels: Processes and Techniques
verfasst von: Daniel Christ
Marvin Scherzinger
Ulf Neuling
Martin Kaltschmitt
Verlag: Springer New York
Buch: Energy from Organic Materials (Biomass)
Print ISBN: 978-1-4939-7812-0

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4939-7813-7

Copyright-Jahr: 2019
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-7813-7_1042