5. Transformation of Geological Objects’ Properties into Effective Model Parameters

One of the effects of the phenomenon of problem dependence of model identification is that the model parameters effective in a given formulation of the model identification may not be, and often are not, effective in the coupled predictive simulations. The reason is that the coupled predictive problem differs from the model identification problem in many respects. They can have different impacts, boundaries and boundary conditions, nature of simulating fields (water tables and streamlines, as in the example discussed in Sect.​ 4.​4), quality criteria of simulation, and monitoring networks on which quality is evaluated. Even the mathematical models applied are often different (steady-state filtration in calibration versus transient in predictive simulations). The goal of model identification must be to provide the model parameters effective in predictive simulations, not just in calibration. The concept of transforming mechanisms introduced below is focused on providing the model parameters effective in predictive simulation.