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2010 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. Transforming Enterprises: Innovation, Networking and Diffusion

verfasst von : Nagy K. Hanna

Erschienen in: Enabling Enterprise Transformation

Verlag: Springer New York

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Abstract

The aim of this chapter is to identify promosing practices to accelerate the adoption and effective use of e-business, as a key enabler of growth, innovation and entrepreneurship. The next chapter explores the use of ICT to improve government-to-business transactions, public–private partnerships and overall the business environment.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Strategic Options for Private Sector Development

Nächstes Kapitel Transforming Business Environment

While open innovation may seem new and radical in an era of increased intellectual property rights, in the past, many of humanity’s highest achievements have resulted from open and collaborative models of innovation, including language and the scientific method. Recent forms of open innovation are different in three ways: innovation is more purposefully directed and accelerated, participants are enabled and broadened by the Internet and collaborative ICTs, and open innovation ecosystems complement or compete with closed ones.

This “connect and develop” innovation strategy led to R&D productivity increase by nearly 60%; innovation success rate more than doubled, and the cost of innovation has significantly fallen (Huston and Sakkab 2006)

As suggested in the last chapter on transforming governments, these lessons are applicable across all sectors.

Celebrated cases include CISCO and DELL in IT manufacturing and Wall-Mart in Retailing.

For example, a study conducted by McKinsey of 100 companies in industrial countries quantified these differences in productivity in France, Germany, the United Kingdom, and the USA and found that IT investments have little impact unless they are accompanied by first-rate management practices, which, by contrast, can boost productivity on their own. Companies were rated on how well they used three important management practices: lean manufacturing, which cuts waste in the production process; performance management, which sets clear goals and rewards employees who reach them; and talent management, which attracts and develops high-caliber people. The companies that had the highest marks in these areas became more productive, with or without higher spending on IT. Those that combined good management practices with IT investments did best of all.

For detailed analysis of such portfolios and the balance among various types of innovation, see Davila et al. (2006).

Such as SAP.

Source: Qiang (2007) and Hanna and Qiang (forthcoming).

Distribution channels for B2C e-commerce are different in that there are many more destinations for products sold online. The distribution center can be considered the last link between the product and the customer, so the management and operation of the distribution becomes critical when dealing with individual orders and addresses. Delays in delivering products and mistakes in orders will create customer dissatisfaction, which is an important determinant for online shoppers.

http://www.cebi.ca

The Last Mile Initiative (LMI) is a USAID-funded program, which aims to extend access to communications into rural areas. Its objective is to increase productivity and transform the development aspects of farmers, small businesses, new startups and other organizations in rural areas through voice and data telecommunications networks (http://www.lastmileinitiative.org).

An ASP is a Web-based business that provides e-business services to customers over a network. Software offered using an ASP model is also sometimes called on-demand software. The application software resides on the vendor’s system and is accessed by users.

The Korean National Computerization Agency (NCA) is a statutory agency founded by the Framework Act on Informatization Promotion for the purpose of promoting informatization and to support development of related policies for Korean national agencies and local autonomies.

Beckhard, R. and Harris, R. 1987. Organizational Transactions. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

Chesbrough, H. 2006. Open Business Models. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.

Davila, T., Epstein, M.J., and Shelton, R. 2006. Making Innovation Work. New Jersey: Wharton School Publishing.

Dedrick, J. and Kraemer, K. 2004. Impacts of Information Technology on the Organization of Economic Activities. Irvine, CA: University of California, Irvine.

Dutta, S. and Mia, I. (editors). 2008. The Global Information Technology Report 2007–08. Fostering Innovation through Networked Readiness. New York: Palgrave MacMillan.

Ernst, D. 2003. The New Mobility of Knowledge: Digital Information Systems and Global Flagship Networks. Working Paper. Honolulu: East-West Center.

Ernst, D. 2004. “Global Production Networks in East Asia’s Electronics Industry and Upgrading Perspectives in Malaysia”, in Yusuf, S., Altaf, M.A., and Nabisman, K. (editors) Global Production Networking and Technological Change in East Asia. Washington, DC: World Bank/Oxford University Press.

Ernst, D. 2008. “Innovation Offshoring and Asia’s Upgrading Through Innovation Strategies”, in Transnational Corporations, 2008, Special Issue Essays in Honour of Sanjaya Lall.

Freedman, T.L. 2005. The World is Flat: A brief History of the Twenty-first Century. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux.

Fung, V.K., Fung, W.K., and Wind, Y. 2008. Competing in a Flat World. New Jersey: Wharton School Publishing.

Hanna, N.K. 2008. Transforming Government and Empowering Communities: The Experience of Sri Lanka. Washington, DC: World Bank.CrossRef

Hanna, N.K., Guy, K., and Arnold, E. 1995. Information Technology Diffusion: Experience of Industrial Countries and Lessons for Developing Countries. Washington, DC: World Bank.

Kotter, J.P. 1996. Leading Change. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School.

Kraemer, K., Dedrick, J., Melville, N., and Zhu, K. (editors). 2006. Global E-Commerce: Impacts of National Environment and Policy. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

Nambisan, S. and Sawhney, M. 2008. The Global Brain. New Jersey: Wharton School Publishing.

Prahalad, C.K. and Ramaswamy, V. 2004. The Future of Competition: Co-creating Unique Values with Customers. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School.

Qiang, C.Z. 2007. China’s Information Revolution. Washington, DC: World Bank.CrossRef

Rodriguez, A. 2008. Knowledge and Innovation for Competitiveness in Brazil. Washington, DC: World Bank.CrossRef

Tapscott, D. and Williams, A.D. 2006. Wikinomics: How Mass Collaboration Changes Everything. New York: Penguin Group.

Waterman, R., Peters, T., and Phillips, J. 1980. “Structure Is not Organization”. Business Horizon, June, 14–26.

Titel: Transforming Enterprises: Innovation, Networking and Diffusion
verfasst von: Nagy K. Hanna
Verlag: Springer New York
Buch: Enabling Enterprise Transformation
Print ISBN: 978-1-4419-1507-8

Electronic ISBN: 978-1-4419-1508-5

Copyright-Jahr: 2010
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-1508-5_4

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