nach oben

Erschienen in:

2013 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Tribolium castaneum as a Model for High-Throughput RNAi Screening

verfasst von : Eileen Knorr, Linda Bingsohn, Michael R. Kanost, Andreas Vilcinskas

Erschienen in: Yellow Biotechnology II

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Coleopteran insects are a highly diverse and successful order, and many beetle species are significant agricultural pests. New biorational strategies for managing populations of beetles and other insect species are needed as pests develop resistance to chemical insecticides and Bt toxins. There is now an opportunity to use genome sequence data to identify genes that are essential for insect growth, development, or survival as new targets for designing control technology. This goal requires a method for high-throughput in vivo screening of thousands of genes to identify candidate genes that, when their expression is disrupted, have a phenotype that may be useful in insect pest control. Tribolium castaneum, the red flour beetle, is a model organism that offers considerable advantages for such screening, including ease of rearing in large numbers, a sequenced genome, and a strong, systemic RNAi response for specific depletion of gene transcripts. The RNAi effect in T. castaneum can be elicited in any tissue and any stage by the injection of dsRNA into the hemocoel, and injection of dsRNA into adult females can even be used to identify phenotypes in offspring. A pilot RNAi screen (iBeetle) is underway. Several T. castaneum genes with promising RNAi phenotypes for further development as mechanisms for plant protection have been identified. These include heat shock protein 90, chitin synthase, the segmentation gene hairy, and a matrix metalloprotease. Candidate genes identified in T. castaneum screens can then be tested in agricultural pest species (in which screening is not feasible), to evaluate their effectiveness for use in potential plant-based RNAi control strategies. Delivery of dsRNA expressed by genetically modified crops to the midgut of phytophagous insects is under investigation as a new tool for very specific protection of plants from insect pest species. The T. castaneum screening platform offers a system for discovery of candidate genes with high potential benefit.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Transgenic Approaches to Western Corn Rootworm Control

Nächstes Kapitel Aphid-Proof Plants: Biotechnology-Based Approaches for Aphid Control

Alves AP, Lorenzen MD, Beeman RW, Foster JE, Siegfried BD (2010) RNA interference as a method for target-site screening in the western corn rootworm, Diabrotica virgifera virgifera. J Insect Sci 10:1–16CrossRef

Arakane Y, Specht CA, Kramer KJ, Muthukrishnan S, Beeman RW (2008) Chitin synthases are required for survival, fecundity and egg hatch in the red flour beetle, Tribolium castaneum. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 38:959–962CrossRef

Aranda M, Marques-Souza H, Bayer T, Tautz D (2008) The role of the segmentation gene hairy in Tribolium. Dev Genes Evol 218:465–477CrossRef

Araujo RN, Santos A, Pinto FS, Gontijo NF, Lehane MJ, Pereira MH (2006) RNA interference of the salivary gland nitrophorin 2 in the triatomine bug Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) by dsRNA ingestion or injection. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 36:683–693CrossRef

Aronstein K, Oppert B, Lorenzen MD (2011) RNAi in agriculturally-important arthropods. In: Grabowski P (ed) RNA processing. InTech, Rijeka, pp 157–180

Artymovich KA (2009) Using RNA interference to increase crop yield and decrease pest damage. MMG 445 Basic Biotechnol eJ 5:7–12

Ashrafi K, Chang FY, Watts JL, Fraser AG, Kamath RS, Ahringer J, Ruvkun G (2003) Genome-wide RNAi analysis of Caenorhabditis elegans fat regulatory genes. Nature 421:268–272CrossRef

Bagla P (2010) Hardy cotton-munching pests are latest blow to GM crops. Science 327:1439

Baum JA, Bogaert T, Clinton W, Heck GR, Feldmann P, Ilagan O, Johnson S, Plaetinck G, Munyikwa T, Pleau M, Vaughn T, Roberts J (2007) Control of coleopteran insect pests through RNA interference. Nat Biotechnol 25:1322–1326CrossRef

10.

Bautista MA, Miyata T, Miura K, Tanaka T (2009) RNA interference-mediated knockdown of a cytochrome P450, CYP6BG1, from the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella, reduces larval resistance to permethrin. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 39:38–46CrossRef

11.

Bernstein E, Caudy AA, Hammond SM, Hannon GJ (2001) Role for a bidentate ribonuclease in the initiation step of RNA interference. Nature 409:363–366CrossRef

12.

Bolognesi R, Ramaseshadri P, Anderson J, Bachman P, Clinton W, Flannagan R, Ilagan O, Lawrence C, Levine S, Moar W, Mueller G, Tan J, Uffman J, Wiggins E, Heck G, Segers G (2012) Characterizing the mechanism of action of double-stranded RNA activity against western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte). PLoS One 7:e47534CrossRef

13.

Boutros M, Kiger AA, Armknecht S, Kerr K, Hild M, Koch B, Haas SA, Paro R, Perrimon N, Heidelberg Fly Array Consortium (2004) Cell culture genome-wide RNAi analysis of growth and viability in Drosophila cells. Science 303:832–835

14.

Bravo A, del Rincon-Castro MC, Ibarra JE, Soberon M (2011) Towards a healthy control of insect pests: potential use of microbial insecticides. In: Lopez O, Fernandez-Bolanos JG (eds) Green trends in insect control, vol 11. RSC Green Chemistry Books, Holanda, 266–299

15.

Bucher G, Scholten J, Klingler M (2002) Parental RNAi in Tribolium (Coleoptera). Curr Biol 12:R85–R86CrossRef

16.

De Maagd RA, Bravo A, Crickmore N (2001) How Bacillus thuringiensis has evolved specific toxins to colonize the insect world. Trends Genet 17:193–199CrossRef

17.

Dong Y, Friedrich M (2005) Nymphal RNAi: systemic RNAi mediated gene knockdown in juvenile grasshopper. BMC Biotechnol 5:25CrossRef

18.

Dutt U (2007) Mealy bug infestation in Punjab: Bt cotton falls flat. Environment News Service. http://www.countercurrents.org. 21 Aug

19.

Eaton BA, Fetter RD, Davis GW (2002) Dynactin is necessary for synapse stabilization. Neuron 34:729–741CrossRef

20.

Elbashir SM, Martinez J, Patkaniowska A, Lendeckel W, Tuschl T (2001) Functional anatomy of siRNAs for mediating efficient RNAi in Drosophila melanogaster embryo lysate. EMBO J 20:6877–6888CrossRef

21.

Escobar MA, Civerolo EL, Summerfelt KR, Dandekar AM (2001) RNAi-mediated oncogene silencing confers resistance to crown gall tumorigenesis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 98:13437–13442CrossRef

22.

Farhan H, Wendeler MW, Mitrovic S, Fava E, Silberberg Y, Sharan R, Zerial M, Hauri HP (2010) MAPK signaling to the early secretory pathway revealed by ki-nase/phosphatase functional screening. J Cell Biol 189:997–1011CrossRef

23.

Feinberg EH, Hunter CP (2003) Transport of dsRNA into cells by the transmembrane protein SID-1. Science 301:1545–1547CrossRef

24.

Fire A, Xu S, Montgomery MK, Kostas SA, Driver SE, Mello CC (1998) Potent and specific genetic interference by double-stranded RNA in Caenorhabditis elegans. Nature 391:806–811CrossRef

25.

Gassmann AJ (2012) Field-evolved resistance to Bt maize by western corn rootworm: predictions from the laboratory and effects in the field. J Invertebr Pathol 110:287–293CrossRef

26.

Gatehouse JA (2002) Plant resistance towards insect herbivores: a dynamic interaction. New Phytol 156:145–169CrossRef

27.

Guo S, Kemphues KJ (1995) Par-1, a gene required for establishing polarity in C. elegans embryos, encodes a putative Ser/Thr kinase that is asymmetrically distributed. Cell 81:611–620CrossRef

28.

Hammond SM, Bernstein E, Beach D, Hannon GJ (2000) An RNA-directed nuclease mediates post-transcriptional gene silencing in Drosophila cells. Nature 404:293–296CrossRef

29.

Huang G, Allen R, Davis EL, Baum TJ, Hussey RS (2006) Engineering broad root-knot resistance in transgenic plants by RNAi silencing of a conserved and essential root-knot nematode parasitism gene. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 103:14302–14306CrossRef

30.

Huvenne H, Smagghe G (2010) Mechanisms of dsRNA uptake in insects and potential of RNAi for pest control: a review. J Insect Physiol 56:227–235CrossRef

31.

James C (2009) Global Status of Commercialized Biotech/GM Crops: 2009 ISAAA Briefs No. 41, International Service for the Acquisition of Agri-Biotech Applications, Ithaca

32.

Kaeberlein M, Powers RW 3rd, Steffen KK, Westman EA, Hu D, Dang N, Kerr EO, Kirkland KT, Fields S, Kennedy BK (2005) Regulation of yeast replicative life span by TOR and Sch9 in response to nutrients. Science 310:1193–1196CrossRef

33.

Kennerdell JR, Carthew RW (2000) Heritable gene silencing in Drosophila using double-stranded RNA. Nat Biotechnol 18:896–898CrossRef

34.

Knorr E, Schmidtberg H, Vilcinskas A, Altincicek B (2009) MMPs regulate both development and immunity in the Tribolium model insect. PLoS One 4:e4751CrossRef

35.

Knorr E, Vilcinskas A (2011) Post-embryonic functions of HSP90 in Tribolium castaneum include the regulation of compound eye development. Dev Genes Evol 221:357–362CrossRef

36.

Kruger M, van Rensburg JBJ, van den Berg J (2009) Perspective on the development of stem borer resistance to Bt maize and refuge compliance at the Vaalharts irrigation scheme in South Africa. Crop Prot 28:684–689CrossRef

37.

Li X, Zhang M, Zhang H (2011) RNA interference of four genes in adult Bactrocera dorsalis by feeding their dsRNAs. PLoS One 6:e17788CrossRef

38.

Luo Y, Wang X, Yu D, Kang L (2012) The SID-1 double-stranded RNA transporter is not required for systemic RNAi in the migratory locust. RNA Biol 9:663–671CrossRef

39.

Luttrell RG, Ali I, Allen KC, Young SY III, Szalanski A, Williams K, Lorenz G, Parker CD Jr, Blanco C (2004) Resistance to Bt in Arkansas populations of cotton boll-worm. In: Richter DA (ed) Proceedings of the 2004 beltwide cotton conferences, National Cotton Council of America, San Antonio, TX, Memphis, TN

40.

Lynch JA, Desplan C (2006) A method for parental RNA interference in the wasp Nasonia vitripennis. Nat Protoc 1:486–494CrossRef

41.

Lynch JA, Panfilio KA, da Fonseca RN (2009) As Tribolium matures as a model insect, Coleopteran community congregates in cologne. Dev Genes Evol 219:531–533CrossRef

42.

Lynch JA, Roth S (2011) The evolution of dorsal-ventral patterning mechanisms in insects. Genes Dev 25:107–118CrossRef

43.

Mao YB, Cai WJ, Wang JW, Hong GJ, Tao XY, Wang LJ, Huang YP, Chen XY (2007) Silencing a cotton bollworm P450 monooxygenase gene by plant-mediated RNAi impairs larval tolerance of gossypol. Nat Biotechnol 25:1307–1313CrossRef

44.

Martinez J, Patkaniowska A, Urlaub H, Lührmann R, Tuschl T (2002) Single-stranded antisense siRNAs guide target RNA cleavage in RNAi. Cell 110:563–574CrossRef

45.

Mendelsohn M, Kough J, Vaituzis Z, Matthews K (2003) Are Bt crops safe? Nat Biotechnol 21:1003–1009CrossRef

46.

Miller SC, Miyata K, Brown SJ, Tomoyasu Y (2012) Dissecting systemic RNA interference in the red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum: parameters affecting the efficiency of RNAi. PLoS One 7:e47431CrossRef

47.

Morris K, Lorenzen MD, Hiromasa Y, Tomich JM, Oppert C, Elpidina EN, Vinokurov K, Jurat-Fuentes JL, Fabrick J, Oppert B (2009) Tribolium castaneum larval gut transcriptome and proteome: a resource for the study of the coleopteran gut. J Proteome Res 8:3889–3898CrossRef

48.

Morton DG, Hoose WA, Kemphues KJ (2012) A genome-wide RNAi screen for enhancers of par mutants reveals new contributors to early embryonic polarity in Caenorhabditis elegans. Genetics 192:929–942CrossRef

49.

Napoli C, Lemieux C, Jorgensen R (1990) Introduction of a chimeric chalcone synthase gene into petunia results in reversible co-suppression of homologous genes in trans. Plant Cell 2:279–289CrossRef

50.

Newmark PA, Reddien PW, Cebrià F, Sánchez Alvarado A (2003) Ingestion of bacterially expressed double-stranded RNA inhibits gene expression in planarians. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 30(100 Suppl 1):11861–11865CrossRef

51.

Noh MY, Beeman RW, Arakane Y (2012) RNAi-based functional genomics in Tribolium castaneum and possible application for controlling insect pests. Entomol Res 42:1–10CrossRef

52.

Phillips TW, Throne JE (2010) Biorational approaches to managing stored-product insects. Ann Rev Entomol 55:375–397CrossRef

53.

Pisa V, Cozzolino M, Gargiulo S, Ottone C, Piccioni F, Monti M, Gigliotti S, Talamo F, Graziani F, Pucci P, Verrotti AC (2009) The molecular chaperone Hsp90 is a component of the cap-binding complex and interacts with the translational re-pressor cup during Drosophila oogenesis. Gene 432:67–74CrossRef

54.

Pitino M, Coleman AD, Maffei ME, Ridout CJ, Hogenhout SA (2011) Silencing of aphid genes by dsRNA feeding from plants. PLoS One 6:e25709CrossRef

55.

Price DR, Gatehouse JA (2008) RNAi-mediated crop protection against insects. Trends Biotechnol 26:393–400CrossRef

56.

Qaim M, de Janvry A (2003) Genetically modified crops, corporate pricing strategies, and farmers’ adoption: the case of Bt cotton in Argentina. Am J Agr Econ 85:814–828CrossRef

57.

Rajagopal R, Sivakumar S, Agrawal N, Malhotra P, Bhatnagar RK (2002) Silencing of midgut aminopeptidase N of Spodoptera litura by double-stranded RNA establishes its role as Bacillus thuringiensis toxin receptor. Biol Chem 277:46849–46851CrossRef

58.

Rangasamy M, Siegfried BD (2012) Validation of RNA interference in western corn rootworm Diabrotica virgifera virgifera LeConte (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) adults. Pest Manag Sci 68:587–591CrossRef

59.

Ramaseshadri P, Segers G, Flannagan R, Wiggins E, Clinton W, Ilagan O, McNulty B, Clark T, Bolognesi R (2013) Physiological and cellular responses caused by RNAi-mediated suppression of Snf7 orthologue in western corn rootworm (Diabrotica virgifera virgifera) larvae. PLoS One 8(1):e54270CrossRef

60.

Rice ME (2004) Transgenic rootworm corn: assessing potential agronomic, economic, and environmental benefits. Plant Health Prog. doi:10.1094/PHP-2004-0301-01-RV

61.

Richter K, Buchner J (2001) Hsp90: chaperoning signal transduction. J Cell Physiol 188:281–290CrossRef

62.

Roignant JY, Carré C, Mugat B, Szymczak D, Lepesant JA, Antoniewski C (2003) Absence of transitive and systemic pathways allows cell-specific and isoform-specific RNAi in Drosophila. RNA 9:299–308CrossRef

63.

Rutherford SL, Lindquist S (1998) Hsp90 as a capacitor for morphological evolution. Nature 396:336–342CrossRef

64.

Saj A, Arziman Z, Stempfle D, van Belle W, Sauder U, Horn T, Dürrenberger M, Paro R, Boutros M, Merdes G (2010) A combined ex vivo and in vivo RNAi screen for notch regulators in Drosophila reveals an extensive notch interaction network. Dev Cell 18:862–876CrossRef

65.

Sander K (1975) Pattern specification in the insect embryo. Ciba Found Symp 0:241–263

66.

Sander K (1976) Specification of the basic body pattern in insect embryogenesis. Adv Insect Physiol 12:125–238CrossRef

67.

Schwarz DS, Hutvágner G, Du T, Xu Z, Aronin N, Zamore PD (2003) Asymmetry in the assembly of the RNAi enzyme complex. Cell 115:199–208CrossRef

68.

Shimizu T, Yoshii M, Wei T, Hirochika H, Omura T (2009) Silencing by RNAi of the gene for Pns12, a viroplasm matrix protein of rice dwarf virus, results in strong resistance of transgenic rice plants to the virus. Plant Biotechnol J 7:24–32CrossRef

69.

Sijen T, Plasterk RH (2003) Transposon silencing in the Caenorhabditis elegans germ line by natural RNAi. Nature 426:310–314CrossRef

70.

Simón-Mateo C, García JA (2011) Antiviral strategies in plants based on RNA silencing. Biochim Biophys Acta 1809:722–731CrossRef

71.

Sokoloff A (1972) The biology of Tribolium with special emphasis on genetic aspects 1. Oxford University Press, London

72.

Sokoloff A (1974) The biology of Tribolium with special emphasis on genetic aspects 2. Oxford University Press, London

73.

Sokoloff A (1977) The biology of Tribolium with special emphasis on genetic aspects 3. Oxford University Press, London

74.

Steeves RM, Todd TC, Essig JS, Trick HN (2006) Transgenic soybeans expressing siRNAs specific to a major sperm protein gene suppress Heterodera glycines re-production. Funct Plant Biol 33:991–999CrossRef

75.

Storer NP, Babcock JM, Schlenz M, Meade T, Thompson GD, Bing JW, Huckaba RM (2010) Discovery and characterization of field resistance to Bt maize: Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Puerto Rico. J Econ Entomol 103:1031–1038CrossRef

76.

Tabara H, Grishok A, Mello CC (1998) RNAi in C. elegans: soaking in the genome sequence. Science 282:430–431CrossRef

77.

Tabashnik BE, Cushing NL, Finson N, Johnson MW (1990) Field development of resistance to Bacillus thuringiensis in diamondback moth (Lepidoptera: Plutellidae). J Econ Entomol 83:1671–1676CrossRef

78.

Tabashnik BE, Gassmann AJ, Crowder DW, Carriere Y (2008) Field evolved resistance to Bt toxins. Nature Biotechnol 26:1074–1076CrossRef

79.

Tabashnik BE, Gassmann AJ, Crowder DW, Carriére Y (2008) Insect resistance to Bt crops: evidence versus theory. Nat Biotechnol 26:199–202CrossRef

80.

Tabashnik BE, Van Rensburg JB, Carrière Y (2009) Field-evolved insect resistance to Bt crops: definition, theory, and data. J Econ Entomol 102:2011–2025CrossRef

81.

Tabashnik BE, Wu K, Wu Y (2012) Early detection of field-evolved resistance to Bt cotton in China: cotton bollworm and pink bollworm. J Invertebr Pathol 110:301–306CrossRef

82.

Tautz D (2004) Segmentation. Dev Cell 7:301–312CrossRef

83.

Throne JE, Hallman JA, Johnson JA, Follett PA (2003) Post-harvest entomology research in the United States Department of Agriculture-Agricultural Research Service. Pest Manag Sci 59:69–628CrossRef

84.

Tian H, Peng H, Yao Q, Chen H, Xie Q, Tang B, Zhang W (2009) Developmental control of a lepidopteran pest Spodoptera exigua by ingestion of bacteria express-ing dsRNA of a non-midgut gene. PLoS One 4:e6225CrossRef

85.

Timmons L, Fire A (1998) Specific interference by ingested dsRNA. Nature 395:854CrossRef

86.

Tomoyasu Y, Denell RE (2004) Larval RNAi in Tribolium (Coleoptera) for analyzing adult development. Dev Genes Evol 214:575–578CrossRef

87.

Tomoyasu Y, Miller SC, Tomita S, Schoppmeier M, Grossmann D, Bucher G (2008) Exploring systemic RNA interference in insects: a genome-wide survey for RNAi genes in Tribolium. Genome Biol 9:R10CrossRef

88.

Tribolium Genome Sequencing Consortium (2008) The genome of the model beetle and pest Tribolium castaneum. Nature 452:949–955

89.

Turner CT, Davy MW, MacDiarmid RM, Plummer KM, Birch NP, Newcomb RD (2006) RNA interference in the light brown apple moth, Epiphyas postvittana (Walker) induced by double-stranded RNA feeding. Insect Mol Biol 15:383–391CrossRef

90.

van den Berg A, Mols J, Han J (2008) RISC-target interaction: cleavage and translational suppression. Biochim Biophys Acta 1779:668–677CrossRef

91.

van Rensburg JBJ (2007) First report of field resistance by stem borer Busseola fusca (Fuller) to Bt-transgenic maize. S Afr J Plant Soil 27:147–151CrossRef

92.

Virla EG, Casuso M, Frias EA (2010) A preliminary study on the effects of a transgenic corn event on the non target pest Dalbulus Maiid (Hemitera: Cicadeliidae). Crop Prot 29:635–638CrossRef

93.

Walshe DP, Lehane SM, Lehane MJ, Haines LR (2009) Prolonged gene knockdown in the tsetse fly Glossina by feeding double stranded RNA. Insect Mol Biol 18:11–19CrossRef

94.

Wang XH, Aliyari R, Li WX, Li HW, Kim K, Carthew R, Atkinson P, Ding SW (2006) RNA interference directs innate immunity against viruses in adult Drosophila. Science 312:452–454CrossRef

95.

Waterhouse PM, Wang MB, Lough T (2001) Gene silencing as an adaptive defence against viruses. Nature 411:834–842CrossRef

96.

Wendler F, Gillingham AK, Sinka R, Rosa-Ferreira C, Gordon DE, Franch-Marro X, Peden AA, Vincent JP, Munro S (2010) A genome-wide RNA interference screen identifies two novel components of the metazoan secretory pathway. EMBO J 29:304–314CrossRef

97.

Whyard S, Singh AD, Wong S (2009) Ingested double-stranded RNAs can act as species-specific insecticides. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 39:824–832CrossRef

98.

Winston WM, Sutherlin M, Wright AJ, Feinberg EH, Hunter CP (2007) Caenorhabditis elegans SID-2 is required for environmental RNA interference. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 104:10565–10570CrossRef

99.

Winston WM, Molodowitch C, Hunter CP (2002) Systemic RNAi in C. elegans requires the putative transmembrane protein SID-1. Science 295:2456–2459

100.

Wittstock U, Agerbirk N, Stauber EJ, Olsen CE, Hippler M, Mitchell-Olds T, Gershenzon J, Vogel H (2004) Successful herbivore attack due to metabolic diversion of a plant chemical defense. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 101:4859–4864CrossRef

101.

Xu J, Shu J, Zhang Q (2010) Expression of the Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) hsp83 gene and its relation to oogenesis during ovarian maturation. J Genet Genomics 37:513–522CrossRef

102.

Xue XY, MaoYB Tao XY et al (2012) New approaches to agricultural insect pest control based on RNA interference. Adv Insect Physiol 42:73–117CrossRef

103.

Yadav BC, Veluthambi K, Subramaniam K (2006) Host-generated double stranded RNA induces RNAi in plant-parasitic nematodes and protects the host from infection. Mol Biochem Parasitol 148:219–222CrossRef

104.

Yu N, Christiaens O, Liu J, Niu J, Cappelle K, Caccia S, Huvenne H, Smagghe G (2013) Delivery of dsRNA for RNAi in insects: an overview and future directions. J Insect Sci 20:4–14CrossRef

105.

Zamore PD, Tuschl T, Sharp PA, Bartel DP (2000) RNAi: double-stranded RNA directs the ATP-dependent cleavage of mRNA at 21–23 nucleotide intervals. Cell 101:25–33CrossRef

106.

Zha W, Peng X, Chen R, Du B, Zhu L, He G (2011) Knockdown of midgut genes by dsRNA-transgenic plant-mediated RNA interference in the hemipteran insect Nilaparvata lugens. PLoS One 6:e20504CrossRef

107.

Zhang H, Li H-C, Miao X-X (2013) Feasibility, limitation and possible solutions of RNAi-based technology for insect pest control. J Insect Sci 20:61–68

108.

Zhang X, Zhang J, Zhu KY (2010) Chitosan/double-stranded RNA nanoparticle-mediated RNA interference to silence chitin synthase genes through larval feeding in the African malaria mosquito (Anopheles gambiae). Insect Mol Biol 19:683–693CrossRef

109.

Zhao YY, Yang G, Wang-Pruski G, You MS (2008) Phyllotreta striolata (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae): arginine kinase cloning and RNAi-based pest control. Eur J Entomol 105:815–822CrossRef

110.

Zhou X, Wheeler MM, Oi FM, Scharf ME (2008) RNA interference in the termite Reticulitermes flavipes through ingestion of double-stranded RNA. Insect Biochem Mol Biol 38:805–815CrossRef

Titel: Tribolium castaneum as a Model for High-Throughput RNAi Screening
verfasst von: Eileen Knorr
Linda Bingsohn
Michael R. Kanost
Andreas Vilcinskas
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch: Yellow Biotechnology II
Print ISBN: 978-3-642-39901-5

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-39902-2

Copyright-Jahr: 2013
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/10_2013_208

Premium Partner

Marktübersichten

Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.

Zur Marktübersicht