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Erschienen in:
The Formation and Behaviour of Natural and Artificial Rockslide Dams; Implications for Engineering Performance and Hazard Management Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2011 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

9. Volcanic Natural Dams Associated with Sector Collapses: Textural and Sedimentological Constraints on Their Stability

verfasst von : Lucia Capra

Erschienen in: Natural and Artificial Rockslide Dams

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

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Abstract

The collapse of a volcanic edifice can enhance several secondary effects, including the formation of one or more natural dams. Their duration depends on the volume of the obstructing mass and on its textural characteristics. A block facies of a debris avalanche produces “durable” dams, whereas a mixed facies is easily eroded after overflowing. Analysis of the sedimentological characteristics of different volcaniclastic deposits that formed natural dams indicates that low sorting and coarse grain-size (but significant clay content) can promote a longer duration of a natural dam. It appear that a –1 phi mean grain-size represents the limit between volcanic natural dams, which last just few days (Md >–1 phi) from those lasting more that 1 year or are still existing (Md <–1 phi). By considering the relation between M/G (M: matrix, G: gravel) and S+C/C (S: silt; C: clay) it seems that for a M/G lower than 1, there is an inverse relation between mud content and dam duration. For dams formed exclusively of fine material (phi less than –1, with comparable fine fraction), the stability decreases as matrix content increases.

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Metadaten
Titel
Volcanic Natural Dams Associated with Sector Collapses: Textural and Sedimentological Constraints on Their Stability
verfasst von
Lucia Capra
Copyright-Jahr
2011
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Buch
Natural and Artificial Rockslide Dams

Print ISBN: 978-3-642-04763-3

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-642-04764-0

Copyright-Jahr: 2011

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-04764-0_9