1 Introduction
2 Background
2.1 Business Driven Experimentation
2.2 Prototype and Prototyping Activities
2.3 A Prototype-Centric Learning Model in Software Startups
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Idea-prototype loop: iterations of refining business idea through throwaway prototyping
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Throwaway prototype loop: iterations of constructing and learning from throwaway prototypes
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Evolutionary prototype loop: iteration of constructing and learning from evolutionary prototypes
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Pivot loop: starting a new cycle from the current product to a pivoted idea
3 Research Approach
3.1 Multiple Case Study Design
3.2 Data Collection and Analysis
3.3 Case Description
Code | Product type | Early focus | Later focus | Dev. strategy | No. of prot. | Dev. method. |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
S01 | Photo marketplace | Feature | Insource | 2 | Agile | |
S02 | News generator | UX | New feature | Outsource | 4 | Agile |
S03 | Homemade food market | UX | Insource | 2 | Adhoc | |
S04 | Construction management | Simple feature | New feature | Outsource | 5 | Distributed agile |
S05 | Underwater camera | Feasible technology | Outsourcing, subcontracting | 7 | Informal agile | |
S06 | Sale visualization tool | UX | Flexible, scalable | Insource | 3 | Informal scrum |
S07 | Location recommendation | Feature, UX | Insource | 3 | Informal agile | |
S08 | Ticket platform | Intuitiveness, friendliness | Scalable and new features | Outsource | 2 | Agile |
S09 | Educational quiz system | User friendliness | Scalable, Stable | Insource | 5 | From adhoc to distributed agile |
S10 | IoT OS platform | Ecosystem | Functionality | Insource | 4 | NO INFO. |
S11 | Ticket platform | User friendly, simple | More features, complexity | Insource | 2 | Adhoc |
S12 | Elearning platform | Feature | Insource | 3 | Agile | |
S13 | Shipping services | NO INFO. | NO INFO. | Outsource | 3 | NO INFO. |
S14 | News services | Feature provider | Platform as a service | Insource | 2+ | Continuous development |
S15 | Smart grid application | NO INFO. | NO INFO. | Insource | NO INFO. | NO INFO. |
S16 | Secondhand marketplace | innovative feature | Product line | Insource | 3 | NO INFO. |
S17 | Simulation based training | UX, feature | Flexibility, Scalability | Insource | 2 + | NO INFO. |
S18 | Open source messenger | Community | Feature | Open source | 4 | Adhoc |
S19 | Location based alert system | UX | Feature and enhanced UX | Insource | 5 | Agile |
S20 | Elearning system | User friendliness | Standardization | Insource | 2 | Agile |