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2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

13. Yoko Tsuno and Franco-Belgian Girl Readers of Bande Dessinée

verfasst von : Jessica Bauwens

Erschienen in: Women’s Manga in Asia and Beyond

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Yoko Tsuno is the most famous Japanese person in Belgium. However, the series’ name and titular character is an entirely fictional as well as a popular Bande Dessinée (BD, Franco-Belgian comics) title. Yoko Tsuno is an adventure comic that since the 1970s was serialized in the popular BD magazine Spirou. One of Yoko’s defining characteristics is that unlike other comic narratives with a Japanese heroine, Yoko is a character that is not in any significant way sexualized or overly orientalized by her creator. This chapter outlines the history of the series and looks at how Yoko had an effect on the reception of Japanese culture and in particular Japanese femininity in the Franco-Belgian context.

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Fußnoten
1
Leloup mentioned in an interview that the number of female readers is about two out of three.
 
2
In her first appearances in Spirou magazine (1970) Yoko had a curvier figure, but her depiction changes gradually over the first two albums, Le trio de l’étrange and L’orgue du diable, and she acquires more streamlined, less voluptuous body that she’s drawn with until the present day in the third, La forge de Vulcain. Her originally curvier figure and different hair style (a bouffant instead of a bob), as well as the designs of other characters like Vic and Pol, resembled that of Franquin’s characters in his hit series Spirou et Fantasio and Gaston la Gaffe, the flagships of Spirou. As the series progressed, so did Leloup’s more individual style, and the comically large heads on relatively tiny bodies disappeared, making room for a more realistic depiction.
 
3
The publisher of this ill-fated 1989 translation, Catalan Communications, went out of business several years later, and later English translations by Cinebook Ltd. published out of order but respected the original format, with Yoko, not her sidekicks, as the main character. They have published ten volumes so far. While Catalan Communications gained notoriety for publishing erotic material like BD versions of works by Sacher-Masoch, to the extent that their books were seized by U.S. customs and they faced obscenity charges in court, publishing a series with a female lead was seen as too risky to be commercially successful.
 
4
The Vineans, from the planet Vinea, have blue skin, like some other famous characters from the Franco-Belgian BD world, the Smurfs. Peyo’s Smurfs first appeared in Spirou in 1958, and it is possible that they had an influence on the color Leloup chose for the Vineans. Leloup’s own explanation is much simpler: as a boy he saw a faded commercial poster for Nivea skin cream, in which the model’s skin had faded to blue; for a while he believed Nivea cream had that effect on the skin (appendix to vol. 20. L’Astrologe de Bruges). The Vineans live on earth, but underground (similar to the Vril from Edward Bulwer-Lytton’s 1871 novel The Coming Race).
 
5
A quick look at reader reviews of albums in the series on the French Amazon site reveals that most Yoko Tsuno albums have a rating higher than 4.5 stars, while those with Emilia score only 3.5.
 
Literatur
Beckman, Frida. 2011. Good Girl Art – Facing Images of Women in David Mack’s Kabuki. Journal of Graphic Novels and Comics 2 (1): 39–54.CrossRef
Brown, Jeffrey A. 2013. Panthers and Vixens: Black Superheroines, Sexuality, and Stereotypes in Contemporary Comic Books. In Black Comics, Politics of Race and Representation, ed. Sheena C. Howard and Ronald L. Jackson II, 133–150. London: Bloomsbury Academic.
Di Giorgio, Jean-Francois (scenario), and Vax (art). 2016. Sensei – L’école des loups solitaires. Daedalus.
Le Duc, Dominique. 2011. Femmes en Images et Images de Femmes: L’Héroine de La Femme Piegé d’Enki Bilal. In The Francophone Bande Dessinée, Faux Titre, ed. Charles Forsdick, Laurence Grove, and Libbie McQuillan, 149–158. Amsterdam: Rodopi.
Leloup, Roger. 1971/1990. Du miel pour Yoko. In Spirou. No. 1747. Trans. Ono Kosei, published in Comics A*ha, No. 5, 118–128.
———. 1972–2017. Yoko Tsuno, Vols. 1 to 28. Dupuis.
Madrid, Mike. 2009. The Supergirls: Fashion, Feminism, Fantasy, and the History of Comic Book Heroines. Minneapolis: Exterminating Angel Press.
Pennell, Hillary, and Elizabeth Behn-Morawitz. 2015. The Empowering (Super) Heroine? The Effects of Sexualized Female Characters in Superhero Film on Women. Sex Roles 72: 211–220.CrossRef
Rheault, Sylvain. 2013. Japanese Culture in Franco-Belgian Bande Dessinée. International Journal of Comic Art 15: 383–394.
Yamashita, Masayuki. 2009. Furansu no manga [French Manga] Ronsosha.
Metadaten
Titel
Yoko Tsuno and Franco-Belgian Girl Readers of Bande Dessinée
verfasst von
Jessica Bauwens
Copyright-Jahr
2019
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Buch
Women’s Manga in Asia and Beyond

Print ISBN: 978-3-319-97228-2

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-97229-9

Copyright-Jahr: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-97229-9_13