Skip to main content

2010 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

4. A Signal Processing View on Time-Interleaved ADCS

verfasst von : Christian Vogel

Erschienen in: Analog Circuit Design

Verlag: Springer Netherlands

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

The idea of time-interleaved ADCs (TI-ADCs) is old, but it took more than 25 years until the requirements on converters and the possibility of advanced digital post correction made this architecture attractive. We investigate time-interleaved ADCs with a focus on the involved signal processing. By establishing a discrete-time model of a TI-ADC, we explicitly show that a TI-ADC with mismatches is a time-varying system producing spurious images. This view will help to understand the principles of digital calibration of linear mismatches in TI-ADCs. Currently, time offset mismatches are investigated most extensively. Therefore, we will primarily discuss digital calibration of time offset mismatches, but will generalize the results to frequency response mismatches whenever possible.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat B. Murmann, C. Vogel, and H. Koeppl, “Digitally Enhanced Analog Circuits: System Aspects”, Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Seattle (USA), 18–21 May 2008, pp. 560–563.CrossRef B. Murmann, C. Vogel, and H. Koeppl, “Digitally Enhanced Analog Circuits: System Aspects”, Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems, Seattle (USA), 18–21 May 2008, pp. 560–563.CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat W. C. Black, Jr. and D. A. Hodges, “Time-interleaved Converter Arrays,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. SC-15, no. 6, Dec. 1980, pp. 1022–1029. W. C. Black, Jr. and D. A. Hodges, “Time-interleaved Converter Arrays,” IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, vol. SC-15, no. 6, Dec. 1980, pp. 1022–1029.
3.
Zurück zum Zitat D. Draxelmayr, “A 6 b 600 MHz 10 mW ADC Array in Digital 90 nm CMOS,” in 2004 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, vol. 1, Feb. 2004, pp. 45–48. D. Draxelmayr, “A 6 b 600 MHz 10 mW ADC Array in Digital 90 nm CMOS,” in 2004 IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, vol. 1, Feb. 2004, pp. 45–48.
4.
Zurück zum Zitat C.-C. Hsu, F.-C. Huang, C.-Y. Shih, C.-C. Huang, Y.-H. Lin, C.-C. Lee, B. Razavi, “An 11 b 800 MS/s Time-Interleaved ADC with Digital Background Calibration”, IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, Feb. 2007, pp. 464–615. C.-C. Hsu, F.-C. Huang, C.-Y. Shih, C.-C. Huang, Y.-H. Lin, C.-C. Lee, B. Razavi, “An 11 b 800 MS/s Time-Interleaved ADC with Digital Background Calibration”, IEEE International Solid-State Circuits Conference, Feb. 2007, pp. 464–615.
5.
Zurück zum Zitat C. Vogel and S. Mendel, “A Flexible and Scalable Structure to Compensate Frequency Response Mismatches in Time-Interleaved ADCs”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 2003, pp. 1–1. C. Vogel and S. Mendel, “A Flexible and Scalable Structure to Compensate Frequency Response Mismatches in Time-Interleaved ADCs”, IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, 2003, pp. 1–1.
6.
Zurück zum Zitat C. Vogel, D. Draxelmayr, and F. Kuttner, “Compensation of Timing Mismatches in Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters through Transfer Characteristics Tuning,” in Proceedings of the 47th IEEE International Midwest Symposium On Circuits and Systems, vol. 1, Jul. 2004, pp. 341–344. C. Vogel, D. Draxelmayr, and F. Kuttner, “Compensation of Timing Mismatches in Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converters through Transfer Characteristics Tuning,” in Proceedings of the 47th IEEE International Midwest Symposium On Circuits and Systems, vol. 1, Jul. 2004, pp. 341–344.
7.
Zurück zum Zitat P. J. A. Harpe, J. A. Hegt, A. H. M. van Roermund, “Analog Calibration of Channel Mismatches in Time-Interleaved ADCs”, International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications, vol. 37, no. 2, 2009, pp. 301–318.MATHCrossRef P. J. A. Harpe, J. A. Hegt, A. H. M. van Roermund, “Analog Calibration of Channel Mismatches in Time-Interleaved ADCs”, International Journal of Circuit Theory and Applications, vol. 37, no. 2, 2009, pp. 301–318.MATHCrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat S. Jamal, D. Fu, M. Singh, P. Hurst, and S. Lewis, “Calibration of Sample-time Error in a Two-channel Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converter,” IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 51, no. 1, Jan. 2004, pp. 130–139. S. Jamal, D. Fu, M. Singh, P. Hurst, and S. Lewis, “Calibration of Sample-time Error in a Two-channel Time-interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converter,” IEEE Transaction on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol. 51, no. 1, Jan. 2004, pp. 130–139.
9.
Zurück zum Zitat C. Vogel, S. Saleem, and S. Mendel, “Adaptive Blind Compensation of Gain and Timing Mismatches in M-channel Time-interleaved ADCs,” in Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems ICECS, Sep. 2008, pp. 49–52. C. Vogel, S. Saleem, and S. Mendel, “Adaptive Blind Compensation of Gain and Timing Mismatches in M-channel Time-interleaved ADCs,” in Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems ICECS, Sep. 2008, pp. 49–52.
10.
Zurück zum Zitat H. Johansson and P. Löwenborg, “Reconstruction of Nonuniformly Sampled Bandlimited Signals by Means of Time-varying Discrete-time FIR Filters,” EURASIP Journal of Applied Signal Processing, vol. 2006, pp. 1–18, 2006, DOI 10.1155/ASP/2006/64185, 64185.CrossRef H. Johansson and P. Löwenborg, “Reconstruction of Nonuniformly Sampled Bandlimited Signals by Means of Time-varying Discrete-time FIR Filters,” EURASIP Journal of Applied Signal Processing, vol. 2006, pp. 1–18, 2006, DOI 10.1155/ASP/2006/64185, 64185.CrossRef
11.
Zurück zum Zitat H. Johansson, P. Löwenborg, and K. Vengattaramane, “Least-squares and Minimax Design of Polynomial Impulse Response FIR Filters for Reconstruction of Two-periodic Nonuniformly Sampled Signals,” IEEE Transaction on Circuits System I, Registered Papers, vol. 54, no. 4, Apr. 2007, pp. 877–888. H. Johansson, P. Löwenborg, and K. Vengattaramane, “Least-squares and Minimax Design of Polynomial Impulse Response FIR Filters for Reconstruction of Two-periodic Nonuniformly Sampled Signals,” IEEE Transaction on Circuits System I, Registered Papers, vol. 54, no. 4, Apr. 2007, pp. 877–888.
12.
Zurück zum Zitat S. Tertinek and C. Vogel, “Reconstruction of Two-periodic Nonuniformly Sampled Bandlimited Signals Using a Discrete-Time Differentiator and a Time-Varying Multiplier,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II, vol. 54, no. 7, Jul. 2007, pp. 616–620. S. Tertinek and C. Vogel, “Reconstruction of Two-periodic Nonuniformly Sampled Bandlimited Signals Using a Discrete-Time Differentiator and a Time-Varying Multiplier,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II, vol. 54, no. 7, Jul. 2007, pp. 616–620.
13.
Zurück zum Zitat S. Tertinek and C. Vogel, “Reconstruction of Nonuniformly Sampled Bandlimited Signals Using a Differentiator-Multiplier Cascade,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I, vol. 55, no. 8, Sep. 2008, pp. 2273–2286. S. Tertinek and C. Vogel, “Reconstruction of Nonuniformly Sampled Bandlimited Signals Using a Differentiator-Multiplier Cascade,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I, vol. 55, no. 8, Sep. 2008, pp. 2273–2286.
14.
Zurück zum Zitat H. Johansson and P. Lowenborg, “A Least-Squares Filter Design Technique for the Compensation of Frequency Response Mismatch Errors in Time-Interleaved A/D Converters,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 55, no. 11, Nov. 2008, pp. 1154–1158. H. Johansson and P. Lowenborg, “A Least-Squares Filter Design Technique for the Compensation of Frequency Response Mismatch Errors in Time-Interleaved A/D Converters,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, vol. 55, no. 11, Nov. 2008, pp. 1154–1158.
15.
Zurück zum Zitat C. W. Farrow, “A Continuously Variable Digital Delay Element,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits Systems, Espoo, Finland, vol. 3, Jun. 1988, pp. 2641–2645. C. W. Farrow, “A Continuously Variable Digital Delay Element,” in Proceedings of the IEEE International Symposium on Circuits Systems, Espoo, Finland, vol. 3, Jun. 1988, pp. 2641–2645.
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Y. C. Jenq, “Digital Spectra of Nonuniformly Sampled Signals: a Robust Sampling Time Offset Estimation Algorithm for Ultra High-Speed Waveform Digitizers Using Interleaving,” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 39, no. 1, Feb. 1990, pp. 71–75. Y. C. Jenq, “Digital Spectra of Nonuniformly Sampled Signals: a Robust Sampling Time Offset Estimation Algorithm for Ultra High-Speed Waveform Digitizers Using Interleaving,” IEEE Transaction on Instrumentation and Measurement, vol. 39, no. 1, Feb. 1990, pp. 71–75.
17.
Zurück zum Zitat M. Seo, M. Rodwell, and U. Madhow, “Comprehensive Digital Correction of Mismatch Errors for a 400-Msamples/s 80-dB SFDR Time-Interleaved Analog-To-Digital Converter,” IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 53, no. 3, Apr. 2005, pp. 1072–1082. M. Seo, M. Rodwell, and U. Madhow, “Comprehensive Digital Correction of Mismatch Errors for a 400-Msamples/s 80-dB SFDR Time-Interleaved Analog-To-Digital Converter,” IEEE Transaction on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 53, no. 3, Apr. 2005, pp. 1072–1082.
18.
Zurück zum Zitat S. Saleem and C. Vogel, “LMS-Based Identification and Compensation of Timing Mismatches in a Two-Channel Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converter,” Proceedings of the IEEE Norchip Conference 2007, Aalborg (Denmark), Nov. 2007, pp. 19–20. S. Saleem and C. Vogel, “LMS-Based Identification and Compensation of Timing Mismatches in a Two-Channel Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converter,” Proceedings of the IEEE Norchip Conference 2007, Aalborg (Denmark), Nov. 2007, pp. 19–20.
19.
Zurück zum Zitat C. Vogel, S. Saleem, and S. Mendel, “Adaptive Blind Compensation of Gain and Timing Mismatches in M-Channel Time-Interleaved ADCs,” Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS 2008), St. Julians (Malta), 1–3 Sep. 2008, pp. 49–52. C. Vogel, S. Saleem, and S. Mendel, “Adaptive Blind Compensation of Gain and Timing Mismatches in M-Channel Time-Interleaved ADCs,” Proceedings of the 14th IEEE International Conference on Electronics, Circuits and Systems (ICECS 2008), St. Julians (Malta), 1–3 Sep. 2008, pp. 49–52.
20.
Zurück zum Zitat S. Huang and B.C. Levy, “Blind Calibration of Timing Offsets for Four-Channel Time-Interleaved ADCs,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol.54, no.4, Apr. 2007, pp. 863–876. S. Huang and B.C. Levy, “Blind Calibration of Timing Offsets for Four-Channel Time-Interleaved ADCs,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol.54, no.4, Apr. 2007, pp. 863–876.
21.
Zurück zum Zitat T.-H. Tsai, P. J. Hurst, and S. H. Lewis, “Correction of Mismatches in a Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converter in an Adaptively Equalized Digital Communication Receiver,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol.56, no.2, Feb. 2009, pp. 307–319. T.-H. Tsai, P. J. Hurst, and S. H. Lewis, “Correction of Mismatches in a Time-Interleaved Analog-to-Digital Converter in an Adaptively Equalized Digital Communication Receiver,” IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems I: Regular Papers, vol.56, no.2, Feb. 2009, pp. 307–319.
Metadaten
Titel
A Signal Processing View on Time-Interleaved ADCS
verfasst von
Christian Vogel
Copyright-Jahr
2010
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-3083-2_4

Neuer Inhalt