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30.03.2023 | Original Research

Adjuvant action of needle-shaped BC microfibrils

verfasst von: Özge Süer, Aytül Gül, Elif Esin Hameş

Erschienen in: Cellulose | Ausgabe 7/2023

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Abstract

Bacterial cellulose (BC) is an unbranched biopolymer produced by microorganisms and composed of glucopyranose units linked by β-1,4 bonds. This study investigates the adjuvant action of needle-shaped BC microfibrils (BCmFs) in vitro using bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a model antigen. BC produced by the static culture of Komagataibacter xylinus was then microparticled (1–5 μm) by acid hydrolysis and characterized using Dynamic Light Scattering and Scanning Electron Microscopy. Subsequently, Attenuated Total Reflectance-Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy, cytotoxicity, TNF-α (tumour necrosis factor-alpha) and IL-6 (interleukin-6) cytokine secretion, and cellular uptake of the BCmFs-BSA conjugate on the human monocyte cell line (U937) differentiated into macrophages were performed. The microfibrils were determined to be 1–5 μm in size, needle-shaped, with a zeta potential of − 32 mV. Their conjugation with the model antigen, BSA, was demonstrated by FTIR analysis. In the cytotoxicity assay, BCmFs-BSA in macrophage cells showed high viability (over 70%). Although the highest TNF-α cytokine level (113 pg/ml) was obtained with BCmFs-BSA (Bovine serum albumin) conjugate (500 µg/ml) and was statistically significant (p = 0.0001) compared to the positive control group (BSA-aluminium hydroxide), IL-6 cytokine levels were not statistically different from those in the control group as desired. It has been shown in macrophage-differentiated U937 cells that microbially synthesized BC in the form of needle-shaped microfibrils (BCmFs) has a high cellular uptake capacity and increases the immunogenicity of the antigen. These results demonstrate for the first time that BCmFs have the potential to serve as a vaccine adjuvant.

Vorheriger Artikel A comparative assessment of biomass pretreatment methods for the sustainable industrial upscaling of rice straw into cellulose

Nächster Artikel Production of lignocellulose nanofibrils by conventional and microwave-assisted deep-eutectic-solvent pretreatments: mechanical, antioxidant, and UV-blocking properties

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Titel: Adjuvant action of needle-shaped BC microfibrils
verfasst von: Özge Süer
Aytül Gül
Elif Esin Hameş
Publikationsdatum: 30.03.2023
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Cellulose / Ausgabe 7/2023
Print ISSN: 0969-0239
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-882X
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-023-05138-3

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