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2016 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Algebraic Numbers in Isabelle/HOL

verfasst von : René Thiemann, Akihisa Yamada

Erschienen in: Interactive Theorem Proving

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

We formalize algebraic numbers in Isabelle/HOL, based on existing libraries for matrices and Sturm’s theorem. Our development serves as a verified implementation for real and complex numbers, and it admits to compute roots and completely factor real and complex polynomials, provided that all coefficients are rational numbers. Moreover, we provide two implementations to display algebraic numbers, an injective and expensive one, and a faster but approximative version.
To this end, we mechanize several results on resultants, which also required us to prove that polynomials over a unique factorization domain form again a unique factorization domain. We moreover formalize algorithms for factorization of integer polynomials: Newton interpolation, factorization over the integers, and Kronecker’s factorization algorithm, as well as a factorization oracle via Berlekamp’s algorithm with the Hensel lifting.

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Fußnoten
2
Here one cannot just evaluate the polynomial on the algebraic point and test the result is 0; we are defining the basic arithmetic operations needed for this evaluation.
 
3
However, we use a faster computer with 3.5 GHz instead of 2.66 GHz.
 
4
We contributed our formalization to the development version of Isabelle (May 2016). There one will find the general “ https://static-content.springer.com/image/chp%3A10.1007%2F978-3-319-43144-4_24/419043_1_En_24_IEq104_HTML.gif ”.
 
5
As for the division algorithm, we have not been able to work with Isabelle’s existing type class for GCDs, as the GCD on polynomials is only available for fields.
 
6
These optimizations became part of the development version of Isabelle (May 2016).
 
7
We thank one of the anonymous reviewers for pointing us to this equality test.
 
8
Note that the quotient type can be in principle defined also directly on top of https://static-content.springer.com/image/chp%3A10.1007%2F978-3-319-43144-4_24/419043_1_En_24_IEq210_HTML.gif , such that the quotient and invariant construction is done in one step, but then code generator will fail in Isabelle 2016.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
Algebraic Numbers in Isabelle/HOL
verfasst von
René Thiemann
Akihisa Yamada
Copyright-Jahr
2016
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-43144-4_24

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