Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Software & Systems Modeling 3/2017

01.09.2015 | Regular Paper

An integrated semantics for reasoning about SysML design models using refinement

verfasst von: Lucas Lima, Alvaro Miyazawa, Ana Cavalcanti, Márcio Cornélio, Juliano Iyoda, Augusto Sampaio, Ralph Hains, Adrian Larkham, Vaughan Lewis

Erschienen in: Software and Systems Modeling | Ausgabe 3/2017

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

SysML is a variant of UML for systems design. Several formalisations of SysML (and UML) are available. Our work is distinctive in two ways: a semantics for refinement and for a representative collection of elements from the UML4SysML profile (blocks, state machines, activities, and interactions) used in combination. We provide a means to analyse and refine design models specified using SysML. This facilitates the discovery of problems earlier in the system development lifecycle, reducing time, and costs of production. Here, we describe our semantics, which is defined using a state-rich process algebra and implemented in a tool for automatic generation of formal models. We also show how the semantics can be used for refinement-based analysis and development. Our case study is a leadership-election protocol, a critical component of an industrial application. Our major contribution is a framework for reasoning using refinement about systems specified by collections of SysML diagrams.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat OMG, OMG Systems Modeling Language (OMG SysML), Version 1.3 (2012) OMG, OMG Systems Modeling Language (OMG SysML), Version 1.3 (2012)
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Holt, J., Perry, S.: SysML for Systems Engineering. IET, London (2008)CrossRef Holt, J., Perry, S.: SysML for Systems Engineering. IET, London (2008)CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Friedenthal, S., Moore, A., Steiner, R.: A Practical Guide to SysML: The Systems Modeling Language, 2nd edn. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2011) Friedenthal, S., Moore, A., Steiner, R.: A Practical Guide to SysML: The Systems Modeling Language, 2nd edn. Morgan Kaufmann, San Francisco (2011)
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Woodcock, J., Cavalcanti, A., Fitzgerald, J., Larsen, P., Miyazawa, A., Perry, S.: Features of CML: a formal modelling language for systems of systems. In: 7th International Conference on System of Systems Engineering, pp. 1–6 (2012) Woodcock, J., Cavalcanti, A., Fitzgerald, J., Larsen, P., Miyazawa, A., Perry, S.: Features of CML: a formal modelling language for systems of systems. In: 7th International Conference on System of Systems Engineering, pp. 1–6 (2012)
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Graves, H., Bijan, Y.: Using formal methods with SysML in aerospace design and engineering. Ann. Math. Artif. Intell. 63, 53–102 (2011)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH Graves, H., Bijan, Y.: Using formal methods with SysML in aerospace design and engineering. Ann. Math. Artif. Intell. 63, 53–102 (2011)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Ramos, R., Sampaio, A., Mota, A.: A semantics for UML-RT active classes via mapping into circus. In: Steffen, M., Zavattaro, G. (eds.) FMOODS. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3535. Springer, pp. 99–114 (2005) Ramos, R., Sampaio, A., Mota, A.: A semantics for UML-RT active classes via mapping into circus. In: Steffen, M., Zavattaro, G. (eds.) FMOODS. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 3535. Springer, pp. 99–114 (2005)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Storrle, H.: Trace semantics of interactions in uml 2.0 abstract (2004) Storrle, H.: Trace semantics of interactions in uml 2.0 abstract (2004)
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Abdelhalim, I. et al.: Formal verification of Tokeneer behaviours modelled in fUML using CSP|. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods and Software Engineering, ICFEM’10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 371–387 (2010) Abdelhalim, I. et al.: Formal verification of Tokeneer behaviours modelled in fUML using CSP|. In: Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Formal Engineering Methods and Software Engineering, ICFEM’10. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 371–387 (2010)
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Davies, J., Crichton, C.: Concurrency and refinement in the unified modeling language. Form. Aspects Comput. 15(2–3), 118–145 (2003)CrossRefMATH Davies, J., Crichton, C.: Concurrency and refinement in the unified modeling language. Form. Aspects Comput. 15(2–3), 118–145 (2003)CrossRefMATH
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Object Management Group, Semantics of a Foundational Subset for Executable UML Models (FUML). Tech. rep., Object Management Group, 2013. OMG Document Number: formal/2013-08-06 Object Management Group, Semantics of a Foundational Subset for Executable UML Models (FUML). Tech. rep., Object Management Group, 2013. OMG Document Number: formal/2013-08-06
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Object Management Group, Precise Semantics Of UML Composite Structures (PSCS). Tech. rep., Object Management Group, 2014. OMG Document Number: 1.0 - Beta 1 Object Management Group, Precise Semantics Of UML Composite Structures (PSCS). Tech. rep., Object Management Group, 2014. OMG Document Number: 1.0 - Beta 1
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Abdelhalim, I., Schneider, S., Treharne, H.: An optimization approach for effective formalized fuml model checking. In: Eleftherakis, G., Hinchey, M., Holcombe, M. (eds.) SEFM. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 7504. Springer, pp. 248–262 (2012) Abdelhalim, I., Schneider, S., Treharne, H.: An optimization approach for effective formalized fuml model checking. In: Eleftherakis, G., Hinchey, M., Holcombe, M. (eds.) SEFM. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 7504. Springer, pp. 248–262 (2012)
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Laurent, Y., Bendraou, R., Baarir, S., Gervais, M.-P.: Formalization of fuml: An application to process verification. In: Jarke, M., Mylopoulos, J., Quix, C., Rolland, C., Manolopoulos, Y., Mouratidis, H., Horkoff, J. (eds.) Advanced Information Systems Engineering. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8484. Springer International Publishing, pp. 347–363 (2014) Laurent, Y., Bendraou, R., Baarir, S., Gervais, M.-P.: Formalization of fuml: An application to process verification. In: Jarke, M., Mylopoulos, J., Quix, C., Rolland, C., Manolopoulos, Y., Mouratidis, H., Horkoff, J. (eds.) Advanced Information Systems Engineering. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8484. Springer International Publishing, pp. 347–363 (2014)
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Miyazawa, A., Lima, L., Cavalcanti, A.: Formal models of sysml blocks. In: Groves, L., Sun, J. (eds.) Formal Methods and Software Engineering. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8144. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2013) Miyazawa, A., Lima, L., Cavalcanti, A.: Formal models of sysml blocks. In: Groves, L., Sun, J. (eds.) Formal Methods and Software Engineering. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8144. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2013)
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Lima, L., Didier, A., Cornélio, M.: A formal semantics for sysml activity diagrams. In: Iyoda, J., Moura, L. (eds.) Formal Methods: Foundations and Applications. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8195. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 179–194 (2013) Lima, L., Didier, A., Cornélio, M.: A formal semantics for sysml activity diagrams. In: Iyoda, J., Moura, L. (eds.) Formal Methods: Foundations and Applications. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8195. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 179–194 (2013)
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Lima, L., Iyoda, J., Sampaio, A.: A formal semantics for sequence diagrams and a strategy for system analysis. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development (MODELSWARD) (2014) Lima, L., Iyoda, J., Sampaio, A.: A formal semantics for sequence diagrams and a strategy for system analysis. In: Proceedings of the International Conference on Model-Driven Engineering and Software Development (MODELSWARD) (2014)
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Object Management Group, OMG Unified Modeling Language (OMG UML), superstructure, version 2.3. Tech. rep., OMG (2010) Object Management Group, OMG Unified Modeling Language (OMG UML), superstructure, version 2.3. Tech. rep., OMG (2010)
21.
Zurück zum Zitat OMG, OMG Unified Modeling Language (OMG UML), superstructure, version 2.4.1. Tech. rep., Object Management Group (2011) OMG, OMG Unified Modeling Language (OMG UML), superstructure, version 2.4.1. Tech. rep., Object Management Group (2011)
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Fitzgerald, J., Larsen, P.G.: Modelling Systems—Practical Tools and Techniques in Software Development, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2009)CrossRefMATH Fitzgerald, J., Larsen, P.G.: Modelling Systems—Practical Tools and Techniques in Software Development, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge (2009)CrossRefMATH
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoare, C.A.R.: Communicating Sequential Processes. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1985)MATH Hoare, C.A.R.: Communicating Sequential Processes. Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs (1985)MATH
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Woodcock, J., Cavalcanti, A., Coleman, J., Didier, A., Larsen, P.G., Miyazawa, A., Oliveira, M.: CML Definition 0. Tech. Rep. D23.1, COMPASS (2012) Woodcock, J., Cavalcanti, A., Coleman, J., Didier, A., Larsen, P.G., Miyazawa, A., Oliveira, M.: CML Definition 0. Tech. Rep. D23.1, COMPASS (2012)
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Miyazawa, A., Albertins, L., Iyoda, J., Cornélio, M., Payne, R., Cavalcanti, A.: Final report on combining SysML and CML. Tech. rep., COMPASS (2013) Miyazawa, A., Albertins, L., Iyoda, J., Cornélio, M., Payne, R., Cavalcanti, A.: Final report on combining SysML and CML. Tech. rep., COMPASS (2013)
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Miyazawa, A., Cavalcanti, A.: Formal refinement in SysML. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods. Accepted for publication (2014) Miyazawa, A., Cavalcanti, A.: Formal refinement in SysML. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Integrated Formal Methods. Accepted for publication (2014)
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Coleman, J., Malmos, A., Larsen, P., Peleska, J., Hains, R., Andrews, Z., Payne, R., Foster, S., Miyazawa, A., Bertolini, C., Didier, A.: COMPASS tool vision for a system of systems collaborative development environment. In: 7th International Conference on System of Systems Engineering, pp. 451–456 (2012) Coleman, J., Malmos, A., Larsen, P., Peleska, J., Hains, R., Andrews, Z., Payne, R., Foster, S., Miyazawa, A., Bertolini, C., Didier, A.: COMPASS tool vision for a system of systems collaborative development environment. In: 7th International Conference on System of Systems Engineering, pp. 451–456 (2012)
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Gibson-Robinson, T., Armstrong, P., Boulgakov, A., Roscoe, A.: Fdr3—a modern refinement checker for csp. In: Abraham, E., Havelund, K. (eds.) Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8413. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 187–201 (2014) Gibson-Robinson, T., Armstrong, P., Boulgakov, A., Roscoe, A.: Fdr3—a modern refinement checker for csp. In: Abraham, E., Havelund, K. (eds.) Tools and Algorithms for the Construction and Analysis of Systems. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 8413. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 187–201 (2014)
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Breu, R., Grosu, R., Huber, F., Rumpe, B., Schwerin, W.: Systems, views and models of UML. In: UML Workshop, pp. 93–108 (1997) Breu, R., Grosu, R., Huber, F., Rumpe, B., Schwerin, W.: Systems, views and models of UML. In: UML Workshop, pp. 93–108 (1997)
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Lano, K., Evans, A.: Rigorous development in UML. In: Proceedings of the Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering (FASE), pp. 129–144 (1999) Lano, K., Evans, A.: Rigorous development in UML. In: Proceedings of the Fundamental Approaches to Software Engineering (FASE), pp. 129–144 (1999)
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Kuske, S., Gogolla, M., Kollmann, R., Kreowski, H.-J.: An integrated semantics for uml class, object and state diagrams based on graph transformation. In: Butler, M., Petre, L., Sere, K. (eds.) Integrated Formal Methods. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2335. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 11–28 (2002) Kuske, S., Gogolla, M., Kollmann, R., Kreowski, H.-J.: An integrated semantics for uml class, object and state diagrams based on graph transformation. In: Butler, M., Petre, L., Sere, K. (eds.) Integrated Formal Methods. Lecture Notes in Computer Science, vol. 2335. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 11–28 (2002)
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Rasch, H., Wehrheim, H.: Checking consistency in UML diagramms: classes and state machines. In: Najm, E., Nestmann, U., Stevens, P. (eds.) Formal Methods for Open Object-Based Distributed Systems (6th FMOODS’03). Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS), Paris, France, vol. 2884. Springer, Berlin/New York, pp. 229–243, Nov. 2003 Rasch, H., Wehrheim, H.: Checking consistency in UML diagramms: classes and state machines. In: Najm, E., Nestmann, U., Stevens, P. (eds.) Formal Methods for Open Object-Based Distributed Systems (6th FMOODS’03). Lecture Notes in Computer Science (LNCS), Paris, France, vol. 2884. Springer, Berlin/New York, pp. 229–243, Nov. 2003
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Hamilton, M.H., Hackler, W.R., Margaret, C., Hamilton, H., Published, W.R.H., Permission, U.I.: A formal universal systems semantics for SysML (2007) Hamilton, M.H., Hackler, W.R., Margaret, C., Hamilton, H., Published, W.R.H., Permission, U.I.: A formal universal systems semantics for SysML (2007)
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Graves, H., Bijan, Y.: Using formal methods with SysML in aerospace design and engineering. Ann. Math. Artif. Intell. 63(1), 53–102 (2011)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH Graves, H., Bijan, Y.: Using formal methods with SysML in aerospace design and engineering. Ann. Math. Artif. Intell. 63(1), 53–102 (2011)MathSciNetCrossRefMATH
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Graves, H.: Integrating reasoning with SysML. In: INCOSE Symposium, Rome, Italy (2012) Graves, H.: Integrating reasoning with SysML. In: INCOSE Symposium, Rome, Italy (2012)
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Graves, H.: Modeling structure in description logic. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Description Logics (DL2011), Barcelona, Spain (2011) Graves, H.: Modeling structure in description logic. In: Proceedings of the International Workshop on Description Logics (DL2011), Barcelona, Spain (2011)
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Café, D.C., Boulanger, F., Jacquet, C., Hardebolle, C., Santos, F.V.D.: Multi-paradigm semantics for simulating SysML models using SystemC-AMS. In: Proceedings of the Forum on Specification & Design Languages, Sept 2013 Café, D.C., Boulanger, F., Jacquet, C., Hardebolle, C., Santos, F.V.D.: Multi-paradigm semantics for simulating SysML models using SystemC-AMS. In: Proceedings of the Forum on Specification & Design Languages, Sept 2013
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Broy, M., Cengarle, M.V., Rumpe, B.: Semantics of UML—Towards a System Model for UML: The Structural Data Model. Tech. Rep. TUM-I0612, Institut für Informatik, Technische Universität München, Feb 2006 Broy, M., Cengarle, M.V., Rumpe, B.: Semantics of UML—Towards a System Model for UML: The Structural Data Model. Tech. Rep. TUM-I0612, Institut für Informatik, Technische Universität München, Feb 2006
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Broy, M., Cengarle, M.V., Rumpe, B.: Semantics of UML—Towards a System Model for UML: The Control Model. Tech. Rep. TUM-I0710, Institut für Informatik, Technische Universität München, Feb 2007 Broy, M., Cengarle, M.V., Rumpe, B.: Semantics of UML—Towards a System Model for UML: The Control Model. Tech. Rep. TUM-I0710, Institut für Informatik, Technische Universität München, Feb 2007
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Broy, M., Cengarle, M.V., Rumpe, B.: Semantics of UML—Towards a System Model for UML: The State Machine Model. Tech. Rep. TUM-I0711, Institut für Informatik, Technische Universität München, Feb 2007 Broy, M., Cengarle, M.V., Rumpe, B.: Semantics of UML—Towards a System Model for UML: The State Machine Model. Tech. Rep. TUM-I0711, Institut für Informatik, Technische Universität München, Feb 2007
44.
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Vachoux, A., Grimm, C., Einwich, K.: Analog and mixed signal modelling with SystemC-AMS. In: ISCAS (3), pp. 914–917 (2003) Vachoux, A., Grimm, C., Einwich, K.: Analog and mixed signal modelling with SystemC-AMS. In: ISCAS (3), pp. 914–917 (2003)
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Panda, P.R.: SystemC. In: ISSS, pp. 75–80 (2001) Panda, P.R.: SystemC. In: ISSS, pp. 75–80 (2001)
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Grüninger, M., Menzel, C.: The process specification language (psl) theory and applications. AI Mag. 24(3), 63–74 (2003) Grüninger, M., Menzel, C.: The process specification language (psl) theory and applications. AI Mag. 24(3), 63–74 (2003)
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Lilius, J., Paltor, I.P.: The semantics of UML State Machines. Tech. rep., Turku Centre for Computer Science (1999) Lilius, J., Paltor, I.P.: The semantics of UML State Machines. Tech. rep., Turku Centre for Computer Science (1999)
49.
Zurück zum Zitat Meng, S., Naixiao, Z., Barbosa, L.S.: On the semantics and refinement of uml statecharts: a coalgebraic view. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods, IEEE Computer Society (2004) Meng, S., Naixiao, Z., Barbosa, L.S.: On the semantics and refinement of uml statecharts: a coalgebraic view. In: Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Software Engineering and Formal Methods, IEEE Computer Society (2004)
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Eichner, C., Fleischhack, H., Meyer, R., Schrimpf, U., Stehno, C.: Compositional semantics for UML 2.0 sequence diagrams using Petri Nets. In: SDL Forum. LNCS, vol. 3530. Springer, pp. 133–148 (2005) Eichner, C., Fleischhack, H., Meyer, R., Schrimpf, U., Stehno, C.: Compositional semantics for UML 2.0 sequence diagrams using Petri Nets. In: SDL Forum. LNCS, vol. 3530. Springer, pp. 133–148 (2005)
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Hoare, C.A.R., Jifeng, H.: Unifying Theories of Programming. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River (1998)MATH Hoare, C.A.R., Jifeng, H.: Unifying Theories of Programming. Prentice-Hall, Upper Saddle River (1998)MATH
Metadaten
Titel
An integrated semantics for reasoning about SysML design models using refinement
verfasst von
Lucas Lima
Alvaro Miyazawa
Ana Cavalcanti
Márcio Cornélio
Juliano Iyoda
Augusto Sampaio
Ralph Hains
Adrian Larkham
Vaughan Lewis
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2015
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Software and Systems Modeling / Ausgabe 3/2017
Print ISSN: 1619-1366
Elektronische ISSN: 1619-1374
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-015-0492-y

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2017

Software & Systems Modeling 3/2017 Zur Ausgabe