4. Biodiversity Management

Biodiversity is generally defined as the variety of life on Earth. Therefore, biodiversity is the main of living resources, which are indispensable for providing the basic vital needs of people. In general, biodiversity is evaluated in three hierarchical categories: genetic diversity, species diversity, and ecosystem diversity. Human factor plays a role directly or indirectly at the beginning of the factors that negatively affect biodiversity in the Earth. Regardless of the origin of the causes that loss of the biodiversity, conservation, and sustainable management of biodiversity are the common responsibility of people. For this reason, biodiversity management has an important place in aviation as in every field. In this chapter, firstly, biodiversity, the reasons of biodiversity loss, and biodiversity conservation are discussed. Then, biodiversity management and methods are described in four stages: definition of the problem, planning, monitoring of biodiversity, and evaluation. Assessments on the applicability of these methods in aviation are also discussed in this section. Finally, the importance of sustainable management of biodiversity at airports is evaluated.