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2016 | Buch

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Blurring the Boundaries Through Digital Innovation

Individual, Organizational, and Societal Challenges

herausgegeben von: Fabrizio D'Ascenzo, Massimo Magni, Alessandra Lazazzara, Stefano Za

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Buchreihe : Lecture Notes in Information Systems and Organisation

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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Über dieses Buch

This book examines the impact of digital innovation on organizations. It reveals how the digital revolution is redefining traditional levels of analysis while at the same time blurring the internal and external boundaries of the organizational environment. It presents a collection of research papers that examine the interaction between Information and Communication Technology (ICT) and behavior from a threefold perspective: First, they analyze individual behavior in terms of specific organizational practices like learning, collaboration and knowledge transfer, as well as the use of ICT within the organization. Second, they explore the dynamics at work on the border between the internal and the external environments by analyzing the organizational impact of ICT usage outside the company, as can be seen in employer branding, consumer behavior and organizational image. Third, they investigate how ICT is being adopted to help face societal challenges outside the company like waste and pollution, smart cities, and e-government.

The diversity of views offered makes this book particularly relevant for users, companies, scientists and governments. The content is based on a selection of the best papers – original double-blind peer reviewed contributions –presented at the annual conference of the Italian chapter of AIS, which took place in Rome, Italy, in October 2015, or in other reputable international peer-refereed Information Systems conferences.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Introduction
Abstract
The XII ItAIS Conference has been held in Rome and it represents the main source of papers for this volume.
Fabrizio D’Ascenzo, Massimo Magni, Alessandra Lazazzara, Stefano Za

Individual Behavior and ICT Adoption Within Organizational Boundaries

Frontmatter
Reshaping Organizations with Social Networks and Collaboration
Abstract
The digital revolution is impacting many aspects of the society. Collaboration tools are challenging the traditional hierarchical model thanks to pervasive computing and always connected devices. Organizations are transforming to take advantage and to adapt to this new paradigm. When creativity and innovation are critical to the success of a company, flattened hierarchies and decentralized cooperation can leverage human talent better. With this paper the author aims to provide a literature review to highlight the historical and philosophical deployment of the different approaches to the relationship between ICT and Organization Design. This is the first step of a research project aiming at proposing emergent new organization design approach.
Marc Augier, Lapo Mola
Perceived Training Needs for Effective Virtual Teams: An Exploratory Study
Abstract
The aim of this exploratory study was to identify the training needs of virtual team members and consequently the role of the HR function in supporting them. We investigated three main aspects: the needs, challenges and benefits associated with the early stages of virtual team membership; the factors likely to influence the effectiveness of virtual teams, with a specific focus on training requirements; the role of the HR function in helping virtual teams to develop the knowledge and skills they require to be effective. Specifically, our research questions were: What are the perceived needs, challenges and benefits experienced in the early stages of virtual collaboration? What training needs are perceived by virtual team members? How can the HR function contribute to making virtual teams more effective? We adopted a qualitative approach based on a model developed by Bal and Gundry, conducting interviews with five members of virtual teams at Nielsen TAM Italy. We present the results and suggest directions for future research.
Cristiano Ghiringhelli, Alessandra Lazazzara
The Diffusion of ICT Across Italian Corporate Universities: An Exploratory Study
Abstract
Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) are getting very widespread both in formal and informal learning. However the literature suggests that organizational features and culture may influence their current implementation. This study provides a preliminary understanding of the features which may influence the use and the diffusion of ICTs across Italian Corporate Universities. After a comprehensive review of the literature, we report and discuss the results of a survey involving 20 Italian Corporate Universities. Our findings reveal they do not make extensive use of ICTs. Compared to the dominant literature and common practice, these “deviant” behaviours require further investigations.
Michela Iannotta, Mauro Gatti, Fabrizio D’Ascenzo
Blended Learning Approach: How Is the Learning Educational Paradigm Changing? Reflections and a Proposed Framework
Abstract
The use of technology has involved a revolution in higher education but even when the benefits of e-learning have still not been fully demonstrated, blended learning is increasingly gaining support as the model of the future in higher education, especially in those international ones in constant quest for excellence and innovation in the learning experiences they propose to their learners. But, how are educational institutions facing the use of technology for educational purposes? How do they have to change in order to be ready for successfully adopting this kind of learning model? In this paper we intend to answer these questions, and to provide some recommendations to educational institutions in order to help them understand how to lead the change management processes necessary for blended learning to become a full-fledged reality at their schools.
Leonardo Caporarello, Anna Iñesta
Designing a Competence Acquisition Mobile App
Abstract
Organizational learning and the continuous development and acquisition of competences by a firm’s employee are fundamental instruments for achieving sustainable competitive advantage. In this scenario, digital technologies play a relevant role in providing a ubiquitous platform to foster and facilitate this learning process. This paper, as research in progress, aims to define the main design aspects of competence acquisition mobile app. In order to achieve this goal it adopts a Design Science research approach and anchors the requirements elicitation process is on competence acquisition literature. Once the system key components and characteristics are presented the paper rounds off with future research directions.
Stefano Za, Eusebio Scornavacca
Integration of Machine Learning Insights into Organizational Learning: A Case of B2B Sales Forecasting
Abstract
Business-to-Business (B2B) sales forecasting can be described as a decision-making process, which is based on past data (internal and external), formalized rules, subjective judgment, and tacit organizational knowledge. Its consequences are measured in profit and loss. The research focus of this paper is aimed to narrow the gap between planned and realized performance, introducing a novel approach based on machine learning techniques. Preliminary results of machine learning model performance are presented, with focus on distilled visualizations that create powerful, yet human comprehensible and actionable insights, enabling positive climate for reflection and contributing to continuous organizational learning.
Marko Bohanec, Mirjana Kljajić Borštnar, Marko Robnik-Šikonja
One More Time Trust Matters: A Theoretical Investigation of the Role of Technology Mediated Trust in the UTAUT Model
Abstract
Investigation about technology acceptance (TA) remains one of the most important research field in information system literature, but the “founding father models” originated the notion of TA in a completely different scenario. We argue that, in a world where IT artifacts disseminate thanks to—and not only because of—unprecedented social media penetration, the TA models must be revisited and upgraded. In this paper, the construct of trust plays a central role, because it allows the acknowledgement of the influencing role played by institutions and organizations that have reached a credible and sustainable presence in the information technology market. We started from the TAM and UTAUT models, as departing platforms of TA models, being the mostly widely cited in the recent literature. This paper defines and explores the theoretical contribution of technology-mediated trust, as a new moderating factor adding value to the UTAUT model. Implications for future empirical research are finally presented.
Luca Pistilli, Ferdinando Pennarola
Digital Natives and Digital Immigrants Behaviour in Trust Choices: An Experimental Study on Social Trust Attitudes and Cognition
Abstract
With the objective of studying the influence of technology on digital natives’ behaviour in professional context focusing on trust and control dynamics, this paper presents the design of an experiment for providing first laboratory data on this topic. After the introduction of the theoretical background for both digital natives and trust, we present the experiment designed by formalizing a one-shot modified trust game in which both trust and control dynamics between two players can be observed. The data gathered through the preliminary experiment sections are analysed in order to answer basic research questions concerning the investigation of potential differences in trust and control dynamics in homogeneous (all composed by digital natives or digital immigrants) and heterogeneous groups (composed by one digital native and one digital immigrants).
Alessio Maria Braccini, Francesca Marzo

Crossing the Organizational Boundaries

Frontmatter
The Exploitation of Web Navigation Data: Ethical Issues and Alternative Scenarios
Abstract
Nowadays, the users’ browsing activity on the Internet is not completely private due to many entities that collect and use such data, either for legitimate or illegal goals. The implications are serious, from a person who exposes unconsciously his private information to an unknown third party entity, to a company that is unable to control its information to the outside world. As a result, users have lost control over their private data in the Internet. In this paper, we present the entities involved in users’ data collection and usage. Then, we highlight what are the ethical issues that arise for users, companies, scientists and governments. Finally, we present some alternative scenarios and suggestions for the entities to address such ethical issues.
Luca Vassio, Hassan Metwalley, Danilo Giordano
Citizens’ Health Information Privacy Concerns: Developing a Framework
Abstract
Privacy has been a fundamental component of healthcare for centuries. Patients disclosed sensitive health information to health professionals with the assumption this information would remain private. However, the growing role of information technology (IT) in healthcare changes the meaning of the term ‘privacy’ in this context. IT solutions used by both health professionals and citizens themselves facilitate the collection and digital storage of health data, which can be seamlessly shared among health professionals, or used by citizens to monitor their personal health indicators. Despite the benefits they offer, there are many potential barriers to the continued success of health IT solutions, including concerns for the privacy of citizens’ health data. Due to the recent emergence of these technologies, there has been little exploration of citizens’ views, leaving many unanswered questions regarding the changing role of privacy. This paper draws from the existing information privacy literature to present a framework for understanding citizens’ health information privacy concerns and the antecedents to concern in this context.
Grace Kenny, Regina Connolly
Designing a Scenario-Based Questionnaire to Assess Behavioral Intention in Social Networking Sites’ Ethical Dilemmas
Abstract
Behavior in the field of Information systems is a popular topic of research. Researchers in different contexts try to propose models and theories to show the influential factors that influence individuals’ behavior. In these kinds of researches, the behavior of people in a certain context is investigated and a set of variables as its predictor are being proposed. However, in some cases such as individuals’ behavior in context of ethical dilemmas it is not possible to observe or ask respondents about the behavior directly. In these cases, a scenario-based questionnaire might be very helpful. This paper proposes a method to design proper scenarios for these kinds of questionnaires focusing on Social Networking Sites’ ethical dilemmas.
Hosein Jafarkarimi, Alex Tze Hiang Sim, Robab Saadatdoost, Jee Mei Hee
A Firm’s Activity in Social Media and Its Relationship with Corporate Reputation and Firm Performance
Abstract
There is growing debate about whether companies’ investments in social media really pay off. This research attempts to contribute to this discussion by investigating the relationship between a firm’s social media activity and two outcomes, namely, company reputation and firm financial performance. Two propositions are developed based on theory and tested with a sample of 59 companies. The findings suggest that a firm’s social media activity is only partially linked with its financial performance and is not linked with corporate reputation. The implications of the research suggest that little is known about the relationships between a firm’s social media activity and corporate reputation and financial outcomes.
Heikki Karjaluoto, Hanna Mäkinen, Joel Järvinen
The Relationships Between Customer Brand Engagement in Social Media and Share of Wallet
Abstract
This chapter investigates the motivational drivers of customer brand engagement in social media and examines the nature of the relationships between these drivers and engagement, as well as the relationships between brand engagement and share-of-wallet. In addition, we tested the moderating effect of the frequency of social media visits on the relationship between engagement and share-of-wallet. The hypothesized relationships were analyzed using an online survey of 818 members of one Facebook brand community. The results suggested that community exerts the strongest positive effect on customer brand engagement and that customer brand engagement positively influences SOW. The findings also indicated that the frequency of visits strengthens the relationship between engagement and SOW. The primary recommendation is that we encourage brands to invest in fostering engagement in social media brand sites; specifically, we recommend that managers foster we-intentions and belongingness in their social media sites. In addition, managers should implement social media strategies that take into consideration the users’ visiting activity as it positively relates to share-of-wallet.
Heikki Karjaluoto, Juha Munnukka, Severi Tiensuu
Religiosity, Hedonism, Social Image and E-banking Acceptance in Lebanon
Abstract
This paper develops a contextual model of individuals’ intention to accept/reject e-banking in Lebanon. It captures the influence of local cultural variables on banking e-services’ acceptance at the first stages of the adoption process. Based on the MATH, an adapted model was proposed that includes religiosity to identify the factors that would influence the adoption of Internet banking. The proposed model was empirically tested using data collected through a survey designed to capture a cross-sectional snapshot of the underlying phenomena. Data was collected from over 147 Lebanese potential adopters of e-banking. Results revealed that the utilitarian factors, the hedonic factors with social influences and computer self-efficacy are antecedents to the intention of e-banking acceptance. In addition, extrinsic religiosity is an antecedent to intrinsic religiosity and they are both negatively associated with e-banking acceptance. The implications of this research are discussed and suggestions for future research presented.
Antoine Harfouche, Soraya Ezzeddine, Michèle Kosremelli Asmar
Power to the (Shopping) People! Changing Traditional Customer-Vendor Interaction in Online Markets by ICT-Enabled “Group Buying”
Abstract
Information and communication technologies (ICT) are enablers for cooperative and collective online shopping. This novel phenomenon is also known under the terms “group buying” and “collective buying” and can be found in business-to-business (B2B) contexts as well as in business-to-consumer (B2C) shopping transactions. We investigate recent developments regarding enablers and inhibitors of ICT-based group buying concepts in various markets. In this paper, we perform a thorough analysis of group buying approaches with the intent to explain the evolution, developments, and changes of online group shopping variants. We provide an overview of approaches and derived variants of the online group buying concept highlighted with selected real-world application examples. A detailed SWOT analysis (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) for each of the two dominant approaches (top-down and bottom-up) represents the core contribution of the paper and may build the basis for the development and improvement of future business models in the field.
Andreas Mladenow, Christine Bauer, Christine Strauss

Societal Challenges and ICT Adoption Outside the Organizational Boundaries

Frontmatter
Socio-technical Process Design—The Case of Coordinated Service Delivery for Elderly People
Abstract
The challenges of socio-technical design are demonstrated by a project of investigating the usefulness of Pen&Paper technology for ordering and coordinated service delivery. The employing and combination of a variety of methods for socio-technical design is described: surveys, ethnography, creativity techniques, walkthrough, usability testing and practical pre-tests. These methods are reflected with respect to cyclic design and support of evolutionary growth. One of the critical challenges is the practicability of combining various methods. Focusing on a socio-technical process proves to be an appropriate approach to integrate technical features with corresponding organizational measures.
Thomas Herrmann, Michael Prilla, Alexander Nolte
Organizing e-Services Co-production in Multiple Contexts: Implications for Designers and Policymakers
Abstract
The paper underscores the importance of approaching inclusion policies by leveraging co-production and by considering multiple contexts. Following Pollitt’s ‘contextual analysis’, the European policy for an ageing society is addressed and the program concerning the development of e-services for the elderly examined. Results show that this approach allows for insights and suggestions that supplement the results of the evaluation report prepared for the European Commission by a panel of experts. These suggestions, which can be used in designing future editions of the program, concern the merits of ‘service science’ and the driving roles of both ‘intermediaries’ and ‘gatekeepers’.
Paolo Depaoli
Organizational Engines for Smart Territorial Networks: The Case of an Initiative for Food Waste Reduction
Abstract
High technologies, and ICTs in particular, offer crucial opportunities to address many dramatic problems of today’s territorial systems. What are the possible new organizational forms and organizational eco-systems that enable a more effective exploitation of these emerging opportunities? What are the key (and possibly new) managerial challenges implied? In this paper, we explore these issues through a longitudinal case study of a smart organization (SO) aimed at preventing food waste through the re-distribution of surplus food to associations that assist socially disadvantaged people. We find that only the cross-fertilization between research streams that have remained separated so far (smart cities/regions/communities; institutional entrepreneurship; and socio-ecological/socio-technical systems) could offer a satisfying explanation for the phenomena we observed. We conclude by suggesting that the emerging SOs, enabled by ICTs, can work as organizational engines allowing positive techno-institutional innovation for the common good. Therefore, the development of effective SOs could be a very relevant issue for organization and management studies for the years to come.
Sabrina Bonomi, Francesca Ricciardi, Cecilia Rossignoli
Exploring Smart City Vision by University, Industry and Government
Abstract
Smart city is a recent topic, aiming at improving the quality of life of citizens in urban areas. Born like a bottom-up trend, it is now becoming crucial for urban planning in larger cities all over the world. The smart city implementation success depends on the synergic action by the triple helix key actors: public bodies, universities, and private companies. However, not ever these subjects share the same smart city vision. This paper aims at individuating similarities and differences in key actors smart city vision, by a large and deep literature review on both scientific papers and practitioner or institutional reports.
Annalisa Cocchia, Renata Paola Dameri
Exploring Collective Action Dynamics in Online Communities from a Critical Realist Perspective
Abstract
Scholars have been increasingly studying Online Communities (OCs) for a variety of purposes, focusing on issues like individual motivation, knowledge sharing, and governance structure. Few studies focused on the entanglement among technology, people, and organizational structures that support working dynamics within OCs. This paper addresses this issue by exploring causal mechanisms sustaining the collective actions of OCs through a retroduction process. Based on the study of the OC of an Italian political movement, the Five Star Movement, the concept of affordance is involved to describe the generative mechanisms and new affordances are identified on collective action within OCs. Our work contributes to a deeper understanding of the OCs phenomenon, explaining how the different components (people, technology, and organization) interact within a specific mechanism to achieve a specific result.
Alessio Maria Braccini, Tommaso Federici, Øystein Sæbø
A Definition of Community Crowdsourcing Engagement and Application
Abstract
Crowdsourcing refers to the use of technologies to gather the collective effort and wisdom from an undefined group of online users for organizational innovation and/or problem solving. A critical challenge for crowdsourcing users and providers is to engage online participants to make sustained contributions. This research in progress paper proposes a behavioural perspective on the definition and measurement of participant engagement in community crowdsourcing, a crowdsourcing model where all participants can see and react to everyone else ideas. In our research, we propose to conceive participant engagement as a set of engaging behaviours and evaluate it through the magnitude, temporal intensity, diversity, and recency of these behaviours. We illustrate the construct operationalization by the Participant Engagement Index (PEI) that quantifies engaging behaviours in the context of MindMixer, a community crowdsourcing service provider. We further provide an initial illustration of the PEI’s utility through the analysis of field project data from MindMixer. We expect that our study will provide guidance for future research into existing and new practices to study and improve the active and sustained participation of crowds in open collaboration forums.
Cuong Nguyen, Nargess Tahmasbi, Triparna de Vreede, Gert-Jan de Vreede, Onook Oh, Roni Reiter-Palmon
What Do Local Governments Discuss in Social Media? An Empirical Analysis of the Italian Municipalities
Abstract
This study takes a first step toward understanding the social media usage by Italian municipalities as a means for external communication. Using content analysis and posts categorization on the Facebook pages, we analyze topics of municipality posts to understand the communicative practices and types of use by municipalities. We examine the Facebook profiles of nine of the largest cities in Italy. The analysis is mainly based on a coding scheme that was derived from literature and findings show that the main communication topics between Italian local governments and citizens are provision of information, local events, local public services, and co-design.
Benedetta Gesuele, Concetta Metallo, Rocco Agrifoglio
Encouraging Vaccination Behavior Through Online Social Media
Abstract
We explore the suitability of online social media (OSM) for influencing the public’s decision-making process regarding a vaccination to protect girls against HPV, a virus associated with cervical cancer. Parents of girls in the target cohort were invited to online discussion forums where they could discuss their opinions on the vaccination. They were exposed to promotion of the vaccination in one of four different ways, and coming from one of two different sources, i.e., peers or government health representatives. Following the health belief model (HBM), these messages served as cues to action. Using a novel network analysis approach, we find that the HBM does not adequately account for influence via OSM. Specifically we show that vaccination decisions are not taken in social isolation, a fact thus far ignored by various forms of the HBM. Implications for studies assessing the use of online channels for health communication are discussed.
David J. Langley, Remco Wijn, Sacha Epskamp, Riet van Bork
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Blurring the Boundaries Through Digital Innovation
herausgegeben von
Fabrizio D'Ascenzo
Massimo Magni
Alessandra Lazazzara
Stefano Za
Copyright-Jahr
2016
Electronic ISBN
978-3-319-38974-5
Print ISBN
978-3-319-38973-8
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-38974-5

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