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25.10.2023 | Original Research

Conservation status of vascular epiphytes in the neotropics

verfasst von: Maria Judith Carmona-Higuita, Glenda Mendieta-Leiva, Jorge Antonio Gómez-Díaz, Fabricio Villalobos, Flavio Nunes Ramos, João Pedro Costa Elias, Derio Antonio Jiménez-López, Alejandro Zuluaga, Bruce Holst, Michael Kessler, Guido Mathieu, Alexander Zizka, Gerhard Zotz, Thorsten Krömer

Erschienen in: Biodiversity and Conservation | Ausgabe 1/2024

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Abstract

The Neotropical realm hosts some of the Earth’s most species-rich biodiversity hotspots, with vascular epiphytes significantly contributing to this diversity, regionally accounting for up to 39% of the vascular flora. However, many regions of the Neotropics where epiphytic species of restricted distribution are reported coincide with threatened ecosystems, such as the tropical montane cloud forest. Moreover, epiphytes may be especially vulnerable to land use and climate change impacts due to their dependence on host trees. We assessed the conservation status of vascular epiphytes in the Neotropics for the families that represent over 80% of the global epiphyte diversity (Araceae, Bromeliaceae, Orchidaceae, Piperaceae, and Polypodiaceae) and identified geographical centres of accumulation of threatened epiphyte species. We gathered information from free-access web repositories, specific epiphytic plant databases, and scientific and grey literature. We assessed the extinction risk of 11,446 epiphyte species following IUCN Red List guidelines, using Criterion B (geographic range size). We found nearly 60% (6,721 species) to be threatened, with 1,766 critically endangered (CR), 3,537 endangered (EN), and 1,418 vulnerable (VU). The threatened species are mainly found in the centres of endemism of vascular epiphytes in Central America, the northern Andes, and the Atlantic Forest. Our study emphasises that the centres of threatened species largely coincide with diversity hotspots, highlighting epiphytes as an especially vulnerable group that requires urgent conservation actions.

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Titel: Conservation status of vascular epiphytes in the neotropics
verfasst von: Maria Judith Carmona-Higuita
Glenda Mendieta-Leiva
Jorge Antonio Gómez-Díaz
Fabricio Villalobos
Flavio Nunes Ramos
João Pedro Costa Elias
Derio Antonio Jiménez-López
Alejandro Zuluaga
Bruce Holst
Michael Kessler
Guido Mathieu
Alexander Zizka
Gerhard Zotz
Thorsten Krömer
Publikationsdatum: 25.10.2023
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Biodiversity and Conservation / Ausgabe 1/2024
Print ISSN: 0960-3115
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-9710
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-023-02730-8

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