Effects of Cross-Sectional Ovalization on Springback and Strain Distribution of Circular Tubes Under Bending

Springback and cross-sectional ovalization are two important defects in the bending formation of tubular parts. In this article, an analytic model considering ovalization is presented to calculate the springback and tangential strain in tube bending. Compared with the calculation neglecting ovalization, the proposed model could better predict the trends of springback angle over bending radius ratio and wall thickness ratio. Moreover, calculation of the tangential strain indicates that the bending deformation is more severe in the middle than at the ends of a bent tube. Through comparison of the results of this model and the calculations neglecting ovalization, it is shown that the effects of ovalization on springback are negligible only if the bending radius ratio and the wall thickness ratio are large enough. Also, the influence of ovalization differs a lot from one material to another.