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Small Business Economics

Erschienen in:

03.04.2018

Entrepreneurial ecosystem conditions and gendered national-level entrepreneurial activity: a 14-year panel study of GEM

verfasst von: Diana M. Hechavarría, Amy E. Ingram

Erschienen in: Small Business Economics | Ausgabe 2/2019

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Abstract

Scholars note the importance of the entrepreneurial ecosystem in promoting new venture activity. Yet to date, limited focus has been given to its impact on female venturing. Accordingly, our study investigates if the entrepreneurial ecosystem influences the prevalence of male and female entrepreneurship over time. We analyze the effect of entrepreneurial ecosystems in 75 countries between 2001 and 2014 on the rates of entrepreneurship for men and women using aggregate data from the Global Entrepreneurship Monitor Adult Population Survey and National Expert Survey. Findings indicate that the prevalence in entrepreneurship is highest for women when the entrepreneurial ecosystem features low barriers to entry, supportive government policy towards entrepreneurship, minimal commercial and legal infrastructure, and a normative culture that supports entrepreneurship. Conversely, we find that prevalence rates for men are highest when there is supportive government policy but weak government programs aimed towards business creation.

Vorheriger Artikel Women’s entrepreneurship policy research: a 30-year review of the evidence

Nächster Artikel Stories from the field: women’s networking as gender capital in entrepreneurial ecosystems

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Not all countries completed both the GEM APS protocol and GEM NES protocol for the same year, which affects the total size of the sample over our 14 year period.

Due to low case counts, year dummies are excluded in the disaggregated analysis of factor-driven economies, by doing so we ensure we have sufficient degrees of freedom to extrapolate findings form out sub-sample to other factor-driven economies. However, it should be noted that certain S.E. in all the sub-samples are higher than overall sample. This is a function of having fewer cases, and why some relationships are now, no longer significant. This also suggest that the sub-samples maybe misspecified. There are likely unique control variables appropriate for each sub-sample that we are not including. Findings should be interpreted with caution.

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Titel: Entrepreneurial ecosystem conditions and gendered national-level entrepreneurial activity: a 14-year panel study of GEM
verfasst von: Diana M. Hechavarría
Amy E. Ingram
Publikationsdatum: 03.04.2018
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Small Business Economics / Ausgabe 2/2019
Print ISSN: 0921-898X
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0913
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11187-018-9994-7

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