ESPAR array design for the wireless communication and IoT applications

It is very important to handle the interference between the transmitter and receiver in wireless communication system. The high gain antenna is an essential component in such a communication system. In this paper, a new electronically steerable parasitic array radiator (ESPAR) array antenna is presented for high gain communications and sensing. The antenna array (1 × 2) consists of two single ESPAR antennas with an optimum distance. The maximum gain of the single antenna is 7.63 dB whereas the minimum gain is 6.92 dB. Likewise, the peak gain of the array antenna is 10.80 dB which increased by 3 dB approximately. The designed antenna could operate at the frequency of ISM band 2.40–2.50 GHz. The elements of the ESPAR antenna are placed on substrate namely Rogers RO4725-JXR with a thickness of 0.787 mm whose dielectric constant is 2.55, as a result it could be fabricated inexpensively. The space between the active and parasitic elements is chosen as 0.5λ for optimum performance. To reduce the mutual coupling, the distance between the two ESPAR antennas is selected as 0.75λ. This proposed array design of ESPAR antenna could be applied into wireless personal communications; wireless sensor networks (WSNs) and IoT communication applications.