FSCVG: A Fuzzy Semi-Distributed Clustering Using Virtual Grids in WSN

Wireless sensor network comprises of tiny devices which are powered by limited energy resources. Therefore, providing methods to reduce energy consumption is essential to develop this sort of networks. Clustering is one of the major techniques which is introduced to increase wireless sensor network lifetime through providing hierarchy structure. This article represents a semi-distributed fuzzy algorithm to cluster homogeneous nodes by using virtual grids in wireless sensor networks. First phase of FSCVG clustering includes selecting the initial cluster heads and determining virtual grids which are done in a centralized approach by the base station. The second phase follows a distributed approach, as all of the nodes involve in the cluster head selection process. FSCVG uses remaining energy, distance to base station and centrality as the fuzzy logic parameters to select the cluster heads in both phases. FSCVG utilizes multi-hop cluster based routing and also an adaptive threshold with the aim of prolonging of network lifetime. FSCVG algorithm is compared to other methods in five scenarios. The assessment criteria used in the comparison include the network remaining energy, the number of dead nodes, the first dead node, half of dead nodes and the last dead node. The results show that proposed algorithm could reduce network energy consumption and prolong network lifetime.