Immobilized β-Galactosidase-Mediated Conversion of Lactose: Process, Kinetics and Modeling Studies

verfasst von: Fadzil Noor Gonawan

Verlag: Springer Singapore

Buchreihe : Springer Theses

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik"

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Über dieses Buch

This book describes the reaction rate profiles of the β-galactosidase-catalyzed conversion of lactose on the inner surface of a hollow fiber membrane, which is employed as an enzymatic reactor system. The reaction rate profiles were obtained by solving the mass transfer and kinetics of reaction in a 2-dimensional model of the system. The primary challenge of this research was to develop the kinetic model of the reaction to describe the kinetic behavior as the reaction occurred on the membrane surface. Despite the difficulties, the proposed model can reliably replicate the actual process, as validation procedures have confirmed.

The reaction rates obtained analyze the performance of the immobilized enzyme on the membrane surface. Previously, an increase in performance of 'β-galactosidase-catalyzed conversion of lactose assisted by ultrafiltration was suggested due to inhibitor removal. However, as the analysis presented here shows, the concentration profile of the substrate on the membrane surface also affects the reaction performance.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter

Chapter 1. Introduction

Abstract

This chapter provides a brief overview of the research background in relation to β-galactosidase-catalyzed conversion of lactose. The essential for lactose conversion is described in this chapter. Lactose can be converted to various types of product, and this research is utilizing β-galactosidase as a biocatalyst which results in the formation of saccharides. Therefore, β-galactosidase-catalyzed reaction with lactose as a substrate is introduced in the following subsection. This section also introduces the problem statement, research objectives, and the scope of study.

Fadzil Noor Gonawan

Chapter 2. Literature Review

Abstract

The enzymatic conversion of lactose to galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) is impeded by the galactose inhibitor. The inhibition effects on the enzymes can be minimized by enzymatic membrane reactor where the inhibitors can be continuously removed from the reaction system. This review focuses on the β-galactosidase-catalyzed conversion of lactose in the membrane reactors. The effect of reaction parameters, its reaction kinetic, and mechanism is also discussed. In addition, the review covers the type of reactors employed for lactose conversion and exploring the appropriate setup or configuration of an enzymatic membrane reactor for continuous reaction and separation. The basic of the mass transfer model in the membrane is also discussed.

Fadzil Noor Gonawan

Chapter 3. Research Methodology

Abstract

In general, the research methodology is divided into several sections. First, the reaction behavior of β-Gal-catalyzed conversion of lactose was studied in order to validate obtained information from the literature. Subsequently, a depth study on the reaction was carried out in the enzymatic hollow fiber membrane reactor. The study mostly emphasizes the effect of transmembrane pressure (TMP) on the β-Gal-catalyzed conversion of lactose. Before that, an appropriate method for the immobilization of β-Gal on the membrane surface was developed. The hydrodynamic study was also carried out in order to choose the most suitable configuration for immobilization and reaction on the hollow fiber membrane. The significance of the effect of TMP on the reaction was analyzed assisted by the coupled kinetics reaction and mass transfer model. The details on the research methodology are described accordingly with the chapter.

Fadzil Noor Gonawan

Chapter 4. Results and Discussion

Abstract

This chapter is divided into several parts. In the first part, the effect of reaction parameters on the A. oryzae β-Gal-catalyzed conversion of lactose was discussed. Subsequently, a complete study was carried out in order to prepare HFMR with immobilized β-Gal. Then, the effect of operating parameters on the immobilized β-Gal-catalyzed conversion of lactose in the HFMR was discussed. The kinetic model for β-Gal-catalyzed conversion of lactose was proposed, and the effect of the substrate concentration on the kinetic parameters was investigated. Finally, the significance of mass transfer characteristic on the reaction performance was justified with the result obtained from the coupled mass transfer and kinetic model which solved in COMSOL^®.

Fadzil Noor Gonawan

Chapter 5. Conclusion

Abstract

Lactose is a saccharide compound that is less desirable for human consumption. The conversion of lactose to value-added product such as GOS is a good way to utilize this compound. Presently, lactose has been converted to glucose, galactose, and GOS by Aspergillus oryzae β-Gal-catalyzed reaction. The production of GOS is preferable due to its prebiotic properties. The reaction has been performed by polysulfone HFMR with immobilized A. oryzae β-Gal, and the effect of mass transfer profile was thoroughly investigated.

Fadzil Noor Gonawan

Backmatter

Titel: Immobilized β-Galactosidase-Mediated Conversion of Lactose: Process, Kinetics and Modeling Studies
verfasst von: Fadzil Noor Gonawan
Verlag: Springer Singapore
Electronic ISBN: 978-981-13-3468-9
Print ISBN: 978-981-13-3467-2
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-3468-9