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Universal Access in the Information Society
Erschienen in: Universal Access in the Information Society 1/2006

01.06.2006 | LONG PAPER

Improving search engine interfaces for blind users: a case study

verfasst von: Patrizia Andronico, Marina Buzzi, Carlos Castillo, Barbara Leporini

Erschienen in: Universal Access in the Information Society | Ausgabe 1/2006

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Abstract

This article describes a research project aimed at improving search engine usability for sightless persons who use assistive technology to navigate the web. At the beginning of this research, a preliminary study was performed concerning accessibility and usability of search tools, and eight guidelines were formulated for designing search engine user interfaces. Then, the derived guidelines were applied in modifying the source code of Google’s interface, while maintaining the same look and feel, in order to demonstrate that with very little effort it is possible to make interaction easier, more efficient, and less frustrating for sightless individuals. After providing a general overview of the project, the paper focuses on interface design and implementation.
Vorheriger Artikel AudioBrowser: a mobile browsable information access for the visually impaired
Nächster Artikel An exploratory study of the accessibility of state government Web sites

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Fußnoten
1
There is abundance of literature regarding attention, user mental models, cognition and other topics of cognitive psychology, that explain the way humans use short-term and long-term memory for retrieving old and memorizing new information. It is useful to make a comparison between the human model and the way people look for information on the Internet, but this is not the scope of the present work. In this sense, it would be necessary to take into consideration other disabilities that can present different problems (i.e., deafness) as well as other groups of human beings (i.e., elderly, children, etc.).
 
2
Law 4 of 9/1/2004: provisions to support the access to information technologies for the disabled, http://www.pubbliaccesso.gov.it/normative/law_20040109_n4.htm
 
3
This study drafted by the “Methodology” and “Technical Rules” working groups of the Scientific Secretariat of the Standing Interministerial Committee is available at http://www.pubbliaccesso.gov.it/biblioteca/documentazione/guidelines_study/index.htm
 
4
“Bobby is a web accessibility desktop testing tool designed for small websites to help expose barriers to accessibility and encourage compliance with existing accessibility guidelines, including Section 508 of the US Rehabilitation Act and the W3C's Web Content Accessibility Guidelines (WCAG), on a page-by-page basis.” From http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/existingtools.html
 
5
“Torquemada is an Italian-language tool designed to assess Website accessibility. The initial version is an online service, but the tool is under development and a downloadable version is promised soon.” From http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/existingtools.html
 
6
The test on the interfaces, performed during a degree thesis, has been completed in October 2003.
 
7
It is assume that the first element on the screen is the first element encountered by the user’s eyes when reading or scanning a page (according to European culture, left-right and top-bottom).
 
Literatur
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Andronico P, Buzzi M, Leporini B (2005) Increasing usability of search engine interfaces for the blind. In: Proceedings of the HCII 2005, USA
2.
Brajnik G (2004) Achieving universal web access through specialized user interfaces. In: Adjunct proceedings of the 8th ERCIM UI4ALL workshop, Vienna, Austria
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Ivory MY, Yu S, Gronemyer K (2004) Search result exploration: a preliminary study of blind and sighted users’ decision making and performance. In: CHI 2004 extended abstracts, pp 1453–1456
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Kobayashi M, Takeda K (2000) Information retrieval on the Web. ACM Comput Surv 32:144–173CrossRef
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Leporini B, Paternò F (2004) Increasing usability when interacting through screen readers, international journal universal access in the Information Society, special issue on “Guidelines, standards, methods and processes for software accessibility”, vol 3. Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, No. 1, pp. 57–70
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Leporini B, Andronico P, Buzzi (2004) Designing search engine user interfaces for the visually impaired. ACM international cross-disciplinary workshop on Web accessibility 2004, NY, USA, pp 57–66
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Mann TM (1999) Visualization of WWW-search results. In: Proceedings of the international workshop on database and expert systems applications. pp 264–268
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Nicolle C, Abascal J (2001) Inclusive design guidelines for HCI. p 285, Taylor and Francis, London
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Reason J (1990) Human error. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
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Schmetzke A (2002) The accessibility of online library resources for people with print disabilities: research and strategies for change. In: Proceedings of ICCHP ‘02, Linz, Austria, July 15–20, 2002, pp 390–397
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Vaughan MW, Degen H, Resnick M, Gremett P (2003) Workshops: best practices and future visions for search user interfaces: a workshop. In: Proceedings of CHI ‘03 extended abstracts on human factors in computing systems, April 5–10, 2003, Florida, USA, pp 1052–1053
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Vegas J, de la Fuente P, Crestani F (2003) WebDocBall: a graphical visualization tool for Web search results. In: Proceedings of ECIR 2003. LNCS 2633, Springer, Berlin Heidelberg New York, pp 351–362
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Metadaten
Titel
Improving search engine interfaces for blind users: a case study
verfasst von
Patrizia Andronico
Marina Buzzi
Carlos Castillo
Barbara Leporini
Publikationsdatum
01.06.2006
Verlag
Springer-Verlag
Erschienen in
Universal Access in the Information Society / Ausgabe 1/2006
Print ISSN: 1615-5289
Elektronische ISSN: 1615-5297
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10209-006-0022-3

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