Introduction
Smart classroom
Learning environment preference of college students
Baseline study
Educational technology
|
Mean(SD)
|
Never
|
Seldom
|
Sometimes
|
Every class
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|
PowerPoint Presentation | 3.40(1.08) | 14% | 3% | 11% | 72% |
LMS Platform (e.g. moodle, blackboard, etc.) | 2.46(1.16) | 29% | 21% | 24% | 26% |
Chat Room | 1.29(0.64) | 80% | 13% | 5% | 2% |
E-Mail | 2.12(1.00) | 34% | 31% | 24% | 11% |
Internet Connection | 2.84(1.10) | 16% | 21% | 25% | 38% |
Multimedia Technology (e.g. movie clips, animations, graphics, etc.) | 3.23(0.95) | 9% | 10% | 31% | 50% |
Online Activity (e.g. online teaching, online discussion, online information searching, etc.) | 2.08(1.18) | 46% | 18% | 17% | 19% |
Video Conference | 1.17(0.57) | 90% | 6% | 2% | 2% |
Smart system
|
Mean
1
(SD
2
)
|
Strongly not expected
|
Not expected
|
Neutral
|
Expected
|
Strongly expected
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Automatic Face Recognition System: Teachers are able to know each student’s name and classroom learning situations through the facial characters identified/captured on the screen at the lecture podium. | 2.30 (1.11) | 27% | 35% | 22% | 12% | 4% |
Digital Archive of Course Content: Students are able to browse, download, and retrieve data from recorded class sessions, including notes and illustrations that the teacher make on the PPT/electronic whiteboard in class. | 4.47 (0.70) | 1% | 1% | 4% | 39% | 55% |
Double/Multiple Screen Projection: Different teaching materials or student group works are able to be displayed simultaneously with double/multiple screen projection. | 3.38 (1.06) | 6% | 14% | 28% | 40% | 12% |
Instant Communication System: Through mobile devices, students are able to send instant messages to teacher at the lecture podium to raise or answer questions. | 4.01 (0.84) | 1% | 5% | 14% | 52% | 28% |
Automatic Voice Recognition System: Relevant information including documents, pictures, and video clips can be instantly retrieved and shown on the screen when specific keywords and terms are spoken. | 4.11 (0.82) | 2% | 3% | 8% | 56% | 31% |
Classroom Exceptions Detection System: Through gesture detection shown on the screen at the lecture podium, the teacher is able to know students’ classroom learning behaviors. | 3.09 (1.09) | 9% | 21% | 29% | 34% | 7% |
3D Virtual Reality/Animation-Based Learning Environment: The classroom is surrounded with 3D projection technologies to create simulative and immersive virtual reality for teaching and learning. | 3.91 (1.11) | 4% | 10% | 14% | 36% | 36% |
Instant Scanning/Projection System: Group works or materials can be scanned/projected instantly and shared with the whole class. | 3.90 (0.88) | 2% | 5% | 19% | 51% | 23% |
Class Activity Database System: Teacher and students are able to review certain class teaching/learning episodes and group activities to adjust teaching/learning. | 3.81 (0.90) | 2% | 8% | 19% | 51% | 20% |
Interactive Whiteboard System: Students are able to write down answers to teacher’s questions or group work results on the electronic tablet device to share with the whole class instantly on the electronic whiteboard. | 3.90 (0.88) | 1% | 7% | 16% | 53% | 23% |
Class Content Retrieval System: Through voice- or text-based recognition, students are able to search for needed videos/text information from class databases. | 4.17 (0.75) | 1% | 2% | 10% | 53% | 34% |
Automatic Learning Assessment System: With automatic assessment tools with quizzes and answers, students are able to have self-evaluation on what have learned in classes. | 3.92 (0.80) | 1% | 3% | 19% | 55% | 22% |
Conventional vs. Speech-Driven PowerPoint (SDPPT)
Methods
Participants and procedures
Lecture
Instrumentation
AICT-SL questionnaire
Student reflections
Teacher interview
Results and discussion
Increased learning motivation and student engagement
Scales
|
Pre-Test M
|
Post-Test M
|
SD
|
t
|
p
|
d
|
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Attitudes toward ICT-Supported Learning (AICT-SL) | 3.62 | 3.94 | 0.66 | −3.26 | 0.002** | 0.48 |
Learning Motivation with ICT (LM-ICT) | 3.29 | 3.92 | 1.20 | −3.58 | 0.001*** | 0.53 |
Learning Effectiveness with ICT (LE-ICT) | 3.66 | 3.83 | 0.72 | −1.56 | 0.126a
| 0.23 |
Speech-Driven PPT (SDPPT) | 4.08 | 4.11 | 0.91 | −0.24 | 0.810 | 0.04 |