WSN-based monitoring and fault detection over a medium-voltage power line using two-end synchronized method

Traditional fault detection and location methods depend upon the values of system parameters calculated by potential and current transformers. During the faulty period, the secondary current is not the exact replica of primary current. Fault locators are being used since many years for fault location in two-end synchronized measurement system. These fault locators pose problems when faults occur at the zero crossing of sub-transmission line voltage or current. It eventually disturbs the economy too. This issue is more momentous in high-impedance lines as compared to low impedance. To remove such issue, this research presents the concept of using wireless sensors with sensor node gateways as a tool for fault location. The wireless sensors measure the magnitude of fault quality momentarily in discrete times. The concept is based on placing the wireless sensor network (WSN) at the sending and the receiving ends of sub-transmission line and analyzing the response on both sides. Peer concept of WSN for identifying and localizing the power system faults such as phase to phase and single phase to earth faults are considered in this research work.