Experimental Study on the Failure Characteristics of Granite Subjected to Weak Dynamic Disturbance Under Different σ₃ Conditions

During underground excavation, rocks are generally subjected to weak dynamic disturbances caused by blasting, machine vibration, rockburst. To investigate the failure characteristics of hard rock subjected to weak dynamic disturbance, two types of tests, dynamic and static true triaxial tests, with different minimum principal stresses σ₃ (0.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, and 30 MPa) were conducted on granite specimens. In the former type of true triaxial test, a weak dynamic disturbance was included; while in the latter type of true triaxial test, only a static stress state was considered. Then, the strength and failure mode of the tested specimens were systemically investigated. The experimental results indicate that the rock strength from the dynamic true triaxial tests is lower than that from the static true triaxial tests, indicating a reduction effect of the weak dynamic disturbance on the rock strength. This reduction effect will gradually increase with σ₃. In addition, the failure of the tested specimens from the dynamic true triaxial tests is much more serious than that of the tested specimens from the static true triaxial tests, which may be due to the promotion effect of the weak dynamic disturbance on the crack development. Specifically, when σ₃ is low, the dynamic disturbance primarily promotes the development of subdominant cracks (vertical tensile cracks and short oblique tensile-shear cracks) within the tested specimens; when σ₃ is high, the dynamic disturbance primarily promotes the development of predominant cracks (through oblique tensile-shear cracks).