Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Software and Systems Modeling 3/2014

01.07.2014 | Theme Section Paper

Strategic business modeling: representation and reasoning

verfasst von: Jennifer Horkoff, Daniele Barone, Lei Jiang, Eric Yu, Daniel Amyot, Alex Borgida, John Mylopoulos

Erschienen in: Software and Systems Modeling | Ausgabe 3/2014

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Business intelligence (BI) offers tremendous potential for business organizations to gain insights into their day-to-day operations, as well as longer term opportunities and threats. However, most of today’s BI tools are based on models that are too much data-oriented from the point of view of business decision makers. We propose an enterprise modeling approach to bridge the business-level understanding of the enterprise with its representations in databases and data warehouses. The business intelligence model (BIM) offers concepts familiar to business decision making—such as goals, strategies, processes, situations, influences, and indicators. Unlike many enterprise models which are meant to be used to derive, manage, or align with IT system implementations, BIM aims to help business users organize and make sense of the vast amounts of data about the enterprise and its external environment. In this paper, we present core BIM concepts, focusing especially on reasoning about situations, influences, and indicators. Such reasoning supports strategic analysis of business objectives in light of current enterprise data, allowing analysts to explore scenarios and find alternative strategies. We describe how goal reasoning techniques from conceptual modeling and requirements engineering have been applied to BIM. Techniques are also provided to support reasoning with indicators linked to business metrics, including cases where specifications of indicators are incomplete. Evaluation of the proposed modeling and reasoning framework includes an on-going prototype implementation, as well as case studies.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Fußnoten
1
We use the terms “enterprise model” and “business model” in a conceptual modeling sense, i.e., a collection of elements and relationships typically having a graphical representation, and not in the business sense of how an organization creates, delivers, and captures value.
 
Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Isik, O., Jones, M.C., Sidorova, A.: Business intelligence (BI) success and the role of BI capabilities. Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. 18(4), 161–176 (2011)CrossRef Isik, O., Jones, M.C., Sidorova, A.: Business intelligence (BI) success and the role of BI capabilities. Intell. Syst. Account. Finance Manag. 18(4), 161–176 (2011)CrossRef
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Stroh, F., Winter, R., Wortmann, F.: Method support of information requirements analysis for analytical information systems. Bus. Inf. Syst. Eng. 3(1), 33–43 (2011)CrossRef Stroh, F., Winter, R., Wortmann, F.: Method support of information requirements analysis for analytical information systems. Bus. Inf. Syst. Eng. 3(1), 33–43 (2011)CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaplan, R.S., Norton, D.P.: Strategy Maps: Converting Intangible Assets into Tangible Outcomes. Harvard Business School Press, Cambridge (2004) Kaplan, R.S., Norton, D.P.: Strategy Maps: Converting Intangible Assets into Tangible Outcomes. Harvard Business School Press, Cambridge (2004)
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Dealtry, T.R.: Dynamic SWOT Analysis. Dynamic SWOT Associates, Birmingham (1994) Dealtry, T.R.: Dynamic SWOT Analysis. Dynamic SWOT Associates, Birmingham (1994)
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Barone, D., Yu, E., Won, J., Jiang, L., Mylopoulos, J.: Enterprise modeling for business intelligence. In: The Practice of Enterprise Modeling, 3rd IFIP WG8.1 (PoEM’10). LNBIP, vol. 68, pp. 31–45. Springer, Berlin (2010) Barone, D., Yu, E., Won, J., Jiang, L., Mylopoulos, J.: Enterprise modeling for business intelligence. In: The Practice of Enterprise Modeling, 3rd IFIP WG8.1 (PoEM’10). LNBIP, vol. 68, pp. 31–45. Springer, Berlin (2010)
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Barone, D., Peyton, L., Rizzolo, F., Amyot, D., Mylopoulos, J.: Towards model-based support for managing organizational transformation. In: E-Technologies: Transforma-tion in a Connected World. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol. 78, pp. 17–31. Springer, Berlin (2011) Barone, D., Peyton, L., Rizzolo, F., Amyot, D., Mylopoulos, J.: Towards model-based support for managing organizational transformation. In: E-Technologies: Transforma-tion in a Connected World. Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, vol. 78, pp. 17–31. Springer, Berlin (2011)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Jiang, L., Barone, D., Amyot, D., Mylopoulos, J.: Strategic models for business in-telligence: reasoning about opportunities and threats. In: Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER’11). LNCS, vol. 6998, pp. 429–443. Springer, Berlin (2011) Jiang, L., Barone, D., Amyot, D., Mylopoulos, J.: Strategic models for business in-telligence: reasoning about opportunities and threats. In: Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER’11). LNCS, vol. 6998, pp. 429–443. Springer, Berlin (2011)
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Barone, D., Jiang, L., Amyot, D., Mylopoulos, J.: Composite indicators for business in-telligence. In: Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER’11). LNCS, vol. 6998, pp. 448–454. Springer, Berlin (2011) Barone, D., Jiang, L., Amyot, D., Mylopoulos, J.: Composite indicators for business in-telligence. In: Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER’11). LNCS, vol. 6998, pp. 448–454. Springer, Berlin (2011)
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Barone, D., Jiang, L., Amyot, D., Mylopoulos, J.: Reasoning with key performance indicators. In: Proceedings of the 4th IFIP WG8.1 Working Conference on the Practice of Enterprise Modeling (PoEM11), pp. 82–96 (2011) Barone, D., Jiang, L., Amyot, D., Mylopoulos, J.: Reasoning with key performance indicators. In: Proceedings of the 4th IFIP WG8.1 Working Conference on the Practice of Enterprise Modeling (PoEM11), pp. 82–96 (2011)
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Stirna, J., Persson, A.: Ten years plus with EKD: reflections from using an enterprise modeling method in practice. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Exploring Modeling Methods in Systems Analysis and Design (EMMSAD07), pp. 99–108. Springer, Berlin (2007) Stirna, J., Persson, A.: Ten years plus with EKD: reflections from using an enterprise modeling method in practice. In: Proceedings of the 11th International Workshop on Exploring Modeling Methods in Systems Analysis and Design (EMMSAD07), pp. 99–108. Springer, Berlin (2007)
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Rolland, C., Prakash, N.: Bridging the gap between organisational needs and ERP functionality. Requir. Eng. 5(3), 180–193 (2000)CrossRefMATH Rolland, C., Prakash, N.: Bridging the gap between organisational needs and ERP functionality. Requir. Eng. 5(3), 180–193 (2000)CrossRefMATH
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Chung, L., Nixon, B.A., Yu, E., Mylopoulos, J.: Non-Functional Requirements in Soft-ware Engineering. International Series in Software Engineering, vol. 5. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (2000)CrossRef Chung, L., Nixon, B.A., Yu, E., Mylopoulos, J.: Non-Functional Requirements in Soft-ware Engineering. International Series in Software Engineering, vol. 5. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Dordrecht (2000)CrossRef
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Dardenne, A., Lamsweerde, A.V., Fickas, S.: Goal-directed requirements acquisition. Sci. Comput. Program. 20(1–2), 3–50 (1993)CrossRefMATH Dardenne, A., Lamsweerde, A.V., Fickas, S.: Goal-directed requirements acquisition. Sci. Comput. Program. 20(1–2), 3–50 (1993)CrossRefMATH
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Yu, E.: Towards modelling and reasoning support for early-phase requirements en-gineering. In: Proceedings of 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering. pp. 226–235. IEEE Comput. Soc. Press, New York (1997) Yu, E.: Towards modelling and reasoning support for early-phase requirements en-gineering. In: Proceedings of 3rd IEEE International Symposium on Requirements Engineering. pp. 226–235. IEEE Comput. Soc. Press, New York (1997)
18.
Zurück zum Zitat ITU-T, Intern. Telecom. Union: Recommendation Z.151 (11/08): Recommendation Z.151 (11/08) User Requirements Notation (URN) Language definition. Technical Report, ITU-T International Telecommunications Union, Geneva (2008) ITU-T, Intern. Telecom. Union: Recommendation Z.151 (11/08): Recommendation Z.151 (11/08) User Requirements Notation (URN) Language definition. Technical Report, ITU-T International Telecommunications Union, Geneva (2008)
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J., Nicchiarelli, E., Sebastiani, R.: Reasoning with goal models. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Conceptual Model-ing (ER’02). LNCS, vol. 3084, pp. 167–181. Springer, Berlin (2002) Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J., Nicchiarelli, E., Sebastiani, R.: Reasoning with goal models. In: Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Conceptual Model-ing (ER’02). LNCS, vol. 3084, pp. 167–181. Springer, Berlin (2002)
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J., Sebastiani, R.: Simple and minimum-cost satisfiability for goal models. In: Proceedings of the 16th Conference On Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE’04). LNCS, vol. 3084, pp. 20–35. Springer, Berlin (2004) Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J., Sebastiani, R.: Simple and minimum-cost satisfiability for goal models. In: Proceedings of the 16th Conference On Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE’04). LNCS, vol. 3084, pp. 20–35. Springer, Berlin (2004)
21.
Zurück zum Zitat Wetzel, T.: States of affairs. In: The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition), Stanford University, Stanford (2008) Wetzel, T.: States of affairs. In: The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Fall 2008 Edition), Stanford University, Stanford (2008)
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Parmenter, D.: Key Performance Indicators. Wiley, New York (2007) Parmenter, D.: Key Performance Indicators. Wiley, New York (2007)
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Bresciani, P., Perini, A., Giorgini, P., Giunchiglia, F., Mylopoulos, J.: Tropos: an agent-oriented software development methodology. Auton. Agents MultiAgent Syst. 8(3), 203–236 (2004)CrossRef Bresciani, P., Perini, A., Giorgini, P., Giunchiglia, F., Mylopoulos, J.: Tropos: an agent-oriented software development methodology. Auton. Agents MultiAgent Syst. 8(3), 203–236 (2004)CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Uchil, A.: Goals-Based Strategic Planning: A No-Nonsense Practical Guide to Strategy. Outskirts Press, Denver (2009) Uchil, A.: Goals-Based Strategic Planning: A No-Nonsense Practical Guide to Strategy. Outskirts Press, Denver (2009)
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaplan, R.S., Norton, D.P.: The balanced scorecard: measures that drive performance. Harv. Bus. Rev. 70(1), 71–79 (1992) Kaplan, R.S., Norton, D.P.: The balanced scorecard: measures that drive performance. Harv. Bus. Rev. 70(1), 71–79 (1992)
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Basili, V., Rombach, H.: The TAME project: towards improvement-oriented software environments. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 14(6), 758–773 (1998)CrossRef Basili, V., Rombach, H.: The TAME project: towards improvement-oriented software environments. IEEE Trans. Softw. Eng. 14(6), 758–773 (1998)CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Letier, E., Lamsweerde, A.V.: Reasoning about partial goal satisfaction for requirements and design engineering. ACM SIGSOFT Softw. Eng. Notes 29(6), 53–62 (2004)CrossRef Letier, E., Lamsweerde, A.V.: Reasoning about partial goal satisfaction for requirements and design engineering. ACM SIGSOFT Softw. Eng. Notes 29(6), 53–62 (2004)CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Amyot, D., Ghanavati, S., Horkoff, J., Mussbacher, G., Peyton, L., Yu, E.: Evaluating goal models within the goal-oriented requirements language. Int. J. Intell. Syst. 25(8), 841–877 (2010)CrossRef Amyot, D., Ghanavati, S., Horkoff, J., Mussbacher, G., Peyton, L., Yu, E.: Evaluating goal models within the goal-oriented requirements language. Int. J. Intell. Syst. 25(8), 841–877 (2010)CrossRef
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Horkoff, J., Yu, E.: Interactive analysis of agent-goal models in enterprise modeling. Int. J. Inf. Syst. Model. Des. (IJISMD) 1(4), 1–23 (2010)CrossRef Horkoff, J., Yu, E.: Interactive analysis of agent-goal models in enterprise modeling. Int. J. Inf. Syst. Model. Des. (IJISMD) 1(4), 1–23 (2010)CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J., Nicchiarelli, E., Sebastiani, R.: Formal reasoning techniques for goal models. J. Data Semant. 1, 1–20 (2004) Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J., Nicchiarelli, E., Sebastiani, R.: Formal reasoning techniques for goal models. J. Data Semant. 1, 1–20 (2004)
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J., Sebastiani, R.: Goal-oriented requirements analysis and reasoning in the Tropos methodology. Eng. Appl. Artif. Int. 18(2), 159–171 (2005)CrossRef Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J., Sebastiani, R.: Goal-oriented requirements analysis and reasoning in the Tropos methodology. Eng. Appl. Artif. Int. 18(2), 159–171 (2005)CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Elahi, G., Yu, E.: Requirements trade-offs analysis in the absence of quantitative mea-sures: a heuristic method. In: Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, SAC ’11, pp. 651–658. ACM, New York (2011) Elahi, G., Yu, E.: Requirements trade-offs analysis in the absence of quantitative mea-sures: a heuristic method. In: Proceedings of the 2011 ACM Symposium on Applied Computing, SAC ’11, pp. 651–658. ACM, New York (2011)
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Lamsweerde, A.V.: Reasoning about alternative requirements options. In: Conceptual Modeling Foundations and Applications. LNCS, vol. 5600, pp. 380–397. Springer, Berlin (2009) Lamsweerde, A.V.: Reasoning about alternative requirements options. In: Conceptual Modeling Foundations and Applications. LNCS, vol. 5600, pp. 380–397. Springer, Berlin (2009)
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Horkoff, J., Yu, E.: Finding solutions in goal models: an interactive backward reasoning approach. In: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER’10). LNCS, vol. 6412, pp. 59. Springer, Berlin (2010) Horkoff, J., Yu, E.: Finding solutions in goal models: an interactive backward reasoning approach. In: Proceedings of the 29th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER’10). LNCS, vol. 6412, pp. 59. Springer, Berlin (2010)
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Howard, R.A., Matheson, J.E.: Influence diagrams. Decis. Anal. 2(3), 127–143 (2005) Howard, R.A., Matheson, J.E.: Influence diagrams. Decis. Anal. 2(3), 127–143 (2005)
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Pourshahid, A., Chen, P., Amyot, D., Forster, A.J., Ghanavati, S., Peyton, L., Weiss, M.: Business process management with the user requirements notation. Electron. Commer. Res. 9(4), 269–316 (2009)CrossRef Pourshahid, A., Chen, P., Amyot, D., Forster, A.J., Ghanavati, S., Peyton, L., Weiss, M.: Business process management with the user requirements notation. Electron. Commer. Res. 9(4), 269–316 (2009)CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Saaty, T.L.: How to make a decision: the analytic hierarchy process. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 48, 9–26 (1990)CrossRefMATH Saaty, T.L.: How to make a decision: the analytic hierarchy process. Eur. J. Oper. Res. 48, 9–26 (1990)CrossRefMATH
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Barone, D., Topaloglou, T., Mylopoulos, J.: Business intelligence modeling in action: a hospital case study. In: Proceedings of the 24th Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE’12). LNCS, vol. 7328, pp. 502–517. Springer, Berlin (2012) Barone, D., Topaloglou, T., Mylopoulos, J.: Business intelligence modeling in action: a hospital case study. In: Proceedings of the 24th Conference on Advanced Information Systems Engineering (CAiSE’12). LNCS, vol. 7328, pp. 502–517. Springer, Berlin (2012)
46.
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Loucopoulos, P., Katsouli, E.: Modelling business rules in an office environment. SIGOIS Bull. 13(2), 28–37 (1992)CrossRef Loucopoulos, P., Katsouli, E.: Modelling business rules in an office environment. SIGOIS Bull. 13(2), 28–37 (1992)CrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Jablonski, S.: On the complementarity of workflow management and business process modeling. SIGOIS Bull. 16(1), 33–38 (1995)CrossRef Jablonski, S.: On the complementarity of workflow management and business process modeling. SIGOIS Bull. 16(1), 33–38 (1995)CrossRef
50.
Zurück zum Zitat Kaplan, R.S., Norton, D.P.: Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action. Harvard Business School Press, Cambridge (1996) Kaplan, R.S., Norton, D.P.: Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action. Harvard Business School Press, Cambridge (1996)
51.
Zurück zum Zitat Elahi, G., Yu, E., Zannone, N.: A vulnerability-centric requirements engineering frame-work: analyzing security attacks, countermeasures, and requirements based on vulnera-bilities. Requir. Eng. 15(1), 41–62 (2010)CrossRef Elahi, G., Yu, E., Zannone, N.: A vulnerability-centric requirements engineering frame-work: analyzing security attacks, countermeasures, and requirements based on vulnera-bilities. Requir. Eng. 15(1), 41–62 (2010)CrossRef
52.
Zurück zum Zitat Pourshahid, A., Richards, G., Amyot, D.: Toward a goal-oriented, business intelligence decision-making framework. In: Proceeding of E-Technologies: Transformation in a Connected World. LNBIP, vol. 78, pp. 100–115. Springer, Berlin (2011) Pourshahid, A., Richards, G., Amyot, D.: Toward a goal-oriented, business intelligence decision-making framework. In: Proceeding of E-Technologies: Transformation in a Connected World. LNBIP, vol. 78, pp. 100–115. Springer, Berlin (2011)
53.
Zurück zum Zitat Popova, V., Sharpanskykh, A.: Formal modelling of organisational goals based on per-formance indicators. Data Knowl. Eng. 70(4), 335–364 (2011)CrossRef Popova, V., Sharpanskykh, A.: Formal modelling of organisational goals based on per-formance indicators. Data Knowl. Eng. 70(4), 335–364 (2011)CrossRef
54.
Zurück zum Zitat Souza, V., Lapouchnian, A., Mylopoulos, J.: System identification for adaptive software systems: a requirements-engineering perspective. In: Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER’11). LNCS, vol. 6998, pp. 346–361 (2011) Souza, V., Lapouchnian, A., Mylopoulos, J.: System identification for adaptive software systems: a requirements-engineering perspective. In: Proceedings of the 30th International Conference on Conceptual Modeling (ER’11). LNCS, vol. 6998, pp. 346–361 (2011)
55.
Zurück zum Zitat Souza, V., Mazón, J.N., Garrigós, I., Trujillo, J., Mylopoulos, J.: Monitoring strategic goals in data warehouses with awareness requirements. In: Proceedings of the 27th ACM Symposium on Applied, Computing, pp. 1075–1082 (2012) Souza, V., Mazón, J.N., Garrigós, I., Trujillo, J., Mylopoulos, J.: Monitoring strategic goals in data warehouses with awareness requirements. In: Proceedings of the 27th ACM Symposium on Applied, Computing, pp. 1075–1082 (2012)
Metadaten
Titel
Strategic business modeling: representation and reasoning
verfasst von
Jennifer Horkoff
Daniele Barone
Lei Jiang
Eric Yu
Daniel Amyot
Alex Borgida
John Mylopoulos
Publikationsdatum
01.07.2014
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in
Software and Systems Modeling / Ausgabe 3/2014
Print ISSN: 1619-1366
Elektronische ISSN: 1619-1374
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-012-0290-8

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 3/2014

Software and Systems Modeling 3/2014 Zur Ausgabe

Premium Partner