Skip to main content
Erschienen in: Optical and Quantum Electronics 9/2014

01.09.2014

Effect of atmospheric conditions and aperture averaging on capacity of free space optical links

verfasst von: Prabhmandeep Kaur, Virander Kumar Jain, Subrat Kar

Erschienen in: Optical and Quantum Electronics | Ausgabe 9/2014

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

We evaluate the capacity of a free space optical link under the influence of various atmospheric conditions and turbulence levels. Also the effect of aperture averaging on the capacity is investigated. Results show that in weather conditions such as fog and haze, the capacity decreases significantly. Increasing the receiver aperture causes an increase in the capacity but the rate at which the capacity increases reduces with larger diameters and finally the capacity saturates.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
Zurück zum Zitat Adamchik, H.V.S., and Marichev, O.I.: The algorithm for calculating integrals of hypergeometric type functions and its realization in REDUCE system. In: Proceedings of International Symposium Symbolic and Algebraic Computation, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 212–224 (1990) Adamchik, H.V.S., and Marichev, O.I.: The algorithm for calculating integrals of hypergeometric type functions and its realization in REDUCE system. In: Proceedings of International Symposium Symbolic and Algebraic Computation, Tokyo, Japan, pp. 212–224 (1990)
Zurück zum Zitat Andrews, L.C., Phillips, R.L., Hopen, C.Y.: Laser Beam Scintillation with Applications. SPIE Press, Bellingham, Washington (2001)CrossRef Andrews, L.C., Phillips, R.L., Hopen, C.Y.: Laser Beam Scintillation with Applications. SPIE Press, Bellingham, Washington (2001)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Anguita, J.A., Djordjevic, I.B., Neifeld, M.A., Vasic, B.V.: Shannon capacities and error-correction codes for optical atmospheric turbulent channels. J. Opt. Netw. 4(9), 586–601 (2005)CrossRef Anguita, J.A., Djordjevic, I.B., Neifeld, M.A., Vasic, B.V.: Shannon capacities and error-correction codes for optical atmospheric turbulent channels. J. Opt. Netw. 4(9), 586–601 (2005)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Bithas, P.S., Sagias, N.C., Mathiopoulos, P.T., Karagiannidis, G.K., Rontogiannis, A.A.: On the performance analysis of digital communications over generalized-K fading channels. IEEE Commun. Lett. 10(5), 353–355 (2006)CrossRef Bithas, P.S., Sagias, N.C., Mathiopoulos, P.T., Karagiannidis, G.K., Rontogiannis, A.A.: On the performance analysis of digital communications over generalized-K fading channels. IEEE Commun. Lett. 10(5), 353–355 (2006)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Farid, A.A., Hranilovic, S.: Outage capacity optimization for free-space optical links with pointing errors. J. Lightw. Technol. 25(7), 1702–1710 (2007)ADSCrossRef Farid, A.A., Hranilovic, S.: Outage capacity optimization for free-space optical links with pointing errors. J. Lightw. Technol. 25(7), 1702–1710 (2007)ADSCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Ghassemlooy, Z., Popoola, W., Rajbhandari, S.: Optical Wireless Communication. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (2012) Ghassemlooy, Z., Popoola, W., Rajbhandari, S.: Optical Wireless Communication. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL (2012)
Zurück zum Zitat Kedar, D., Arnon, S.: Optical wireless communication through fog in the presence of pointing errors. Appl. Opt. 42(24), 4946–4954 (2003)ADSCrossRef Kedar, D., Arnon, S.: Optical wireless communication through fog in the presence of pointing errors. Appl. Opt. 42(24), 4946–4954 (2003)ADSCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Khalighi, M., Schwartz, N., Aitamer, N., Bourennane, S.: Fading reduction by aperture averaging and spatial diversity in optical wireless systems. IEEE/OSA J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 1(6), 580–593 (2009)CrossRef Khalighi, M., Schwartz, N., Aitamer, N., Bourennane, S.: Fading reduction by aperture averaging and spatial diversity in optical wireless systems. IEEE/OSA J. Opt. Commun. Netw. 1(6), 580–593 (2009)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Laourine, A., Stephenne, A., Affes, S.: On the capacity of log-normal fading channels. IEEE Trans. Commun. 57(6), 1603–1607 (2009)CrossRef Laourine, A., Stephenne, A., Affes, S.: On the capacity of log-normal fading channels. IEEE Trans. Commun. 57(6), 1603–1607 (2009)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Lee, I. E., Ghassemlooy, Z., Ng, W.P.: Effects of aperture averaging and beam width on Gaussian free space optical links in the presence of atmospheric turbulence and pointing error. In: Proceedings of IEEE 14th International Conference Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), Coventry, England. pp. 1–4 (2012) Lee, I. E., Ghassemlooy, Z., Ng, W.P.: Effects of aperture averaging and beam width on Gaussian free space optical links in the presence of atmospheric turbulence and pointing error. In: Proceedings of IEEE 14th International Conference Transparent Optical Networks (ICTON), Coventry, England. pp. 1–4 (2012)
Zurück zum Zitat Li, J., Uysal, M.: Optical wireless communications: system model, capacity and coding. In: Proceedings of IEEE 58th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC), Orlando, Florida, USA, pp. 168–172 (2003) Li, J., Uysal, M.: Optical wireless communications: system model, capacity and coding. In: Proceedings of IEEE 58th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC), Orlando, Florida, USA, pp. 168–172 (2003)
Zurück zum Zitat Liu, C., Yao, Y., Sun, Y.X., Xiao, J.J., Zhao, X.H.: Average capacity optimization in free space optical communication system over atmospheric turbulence channels with pointing errors. Opt. Lett. 35(19), 3171–3173 (2010)ADSCrossRef Liu, C., Yao, Y., Sun, Y.X., Xiao, J.J., Zhao, X.H.: Average capacity optimization in free space optical communication system over atmospheric turbulence channels with pointing errors. Opt. Lett. 35(19), 3171–3173 (2010)ADSCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Majumdar, A.K., Ricklin, J.C.: Free-Space Laser Communications: Principles and Advances. Springer, Berlin (2007) Majumdar, A.K., Ricklin, J.C.: Free-Space Laser Communications: Principles and Advances. Springer, Berlin (2007)
Zurück zum Zitat Naboulsi, M.A., Sizun, H., Fornel, F.: Fog attenuation prediction for optical and infrared waves. Opt. Eng. 43(2), 319–329 (2004)ADSCrossRef Naboulsi, M.A., Sizun, H., Fornel, F.: Fog attenuation prediction for optical and infrared waves. Opt. Eng. 43(2), 319–329 (2004)ADSCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Nistazakis, H.E., Tsiftis, T.A., Tombras, G.S.: Performance analysis of free-space optical communication systems over atmospheric turbulence channels. IET Commun. 3(17), 1402–1409 (2009)CrossRef Nistazakis, H.E., Tsiftis, T.A., Tombras, G.S.: Performance analysis of free-space optical communication systems over atmospheric turbulence channels. IET Commun. 3(17), 1402–1409 (2009)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Nistazakis, H.E., Karagianni, E.A., Tsigopoulos, A.D., Fafalios, M.E., Tombras, G.S.: Average capacity of optical wireless communication systems over atmospheric turbulence channels. J. Lightw. Technol. 27(8), 974–979 (2009)ADSCrossRef Nistazakis, H.E., Karagianni, E.A., Tsigopoulos, A.D., Fafalios, M.E., Tombras, G.S.: Average capacity of optical wireless communication systems over atmospheric turbulence channels. J. Lightw. Technol. 27(8), 974–979 (2009)ADSCrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Nistazakis, H.E., Tsigopoulos, A.D., Hanias, M.P., Psychogios, C.D., Marinos, D., Aidinis, C., Tombras, G.S.: Estimation of outage capacity for free space optical links over I-K and K turbulent channels. Radioengineering 44(1), 46–47 (2011) Nistazakis, H.E., Tsigopoulos, A.D., Hanias, M.P., Psychogios, C.D., Marinos, D., Aidinis, C., Tombras, G.S.: Estimation of outage capacity for free space optical links over I-K and K turbulent channels. Radioengineering 44(1), 46–47 (2011)
Zurück zum Zitat Sandalidis, H.G., Tsiftsis, T.A.: Outage probability and ergodic capacity of free-space optical links over strong turbulence. Electron. Lett. 44(1), 46–47 (2008)CrossRef Sandalidis, H.G., Tsiftsis, T.A.: Outage probability and ergodic capacity of free-space optical links over strong turbulence. Electron. Lett. 44(1), 46–47 (2008)CrossRef
Zurück zum Zitat Yongxiong, R., Anhong, D., Bin, L., Hong, G.: Capacities for long-distance free-space optical links under beam wander effects. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(14), 1067–1071 (2010) Yongxiong, R., Anhong, D., Bin, L., Hong, G.: Capacities for long-distance free-space optical links under beam wander effects. IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett. 22(14), 1067–1071 (2010)
Zurück zum Zitat Zhu, X., Kahn, J.M.: Free-space optical communication through atmospheric turbulence channels. IEEE Trans. Commun. 50(8), 1293–1300 (2002)CrossRef Zhu, X., Kahn, J.M.: Free-space optical communication through atmospheric turbulence channels. IEEE Trans. Commun. 50(8), 1293–1300 (2002)CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Effect of atmospheric conditions and aperture averaging on capacity of free space optical links
verfasst von
Prabhmandeep Kaur
Virander Kumar Jain
Subrat Kar
Publikationsdatum
01.09.2014
Verlag
Springer US
Erschienen in
Optical and Quantum Electronics / Ausgabe 9/2014
Print ISSN: 0306-8919
Elektronische ISSN: 1572-817X
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11082-013-9845-3

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 9/2014

Optical and Quantum Electronics 9/2014 Zur Ausgabe