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Erschienen in: Quality & Quantity 6/2022

13.01.2022

The relay for human longevity: country-specific contributions to the increase of the best-practice life expectancy

verfasst von: Andrea Nigri, Elisabetta Barbi, Susanna Levantesi

Erschienen in: Quality & Quantity | Ausgabe 6/2022

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Abstract

This study investigates the long-term dynamics of longevity by taking into account the specific contribution of each country, and how this has changed over time, thus highlighting different timing and speeds of the evolution of life expectancy among the low-lowest mortality countries. Leveraging on quantile regression, we analyze the specific position of countries that have recorded the maximum (BPLE) and second-best life expectancy value at least once in the period 1960-2014, both at ages 0 and 65. Moving in this direction, the purpose of our contribution is to provide new perspectives on the untracked behavior that may be overshadowed by the maximum longevity levels. Our results provide a comprehensive picture of the different phases and transitions experienced by developed countries in the evolution of life expectancy that has led to a continuous increase in the BPLE. This study is a prominent practice in detecting untracked behaviors, providing imminent onsets on the maximum and sub-maximum values, thus contributing to new clues for future longevity.

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1
Since in each distribution no time dependences occur among observations, we assume that we are working with independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) random variables. Relying on this assumption, we use the Kernel density estimation that is one of the most famous tools for reconstructing the probability density function from a set of given data points \(X_1,..., X_n\). Essentially, the kernel density estimation smoothes each data point \(X_i\) into a small density bumps and obtaining the final density estimate: \(\hat{f}_h(x)=\frac{1}{n}\sum _{i=1}^{n}K_h \left( X_i-x\right)\), where K(x) is the kernel function (that is generally a Gaussian) and \(h>0\) is the smoothing bandwidth controlling the smoothing level.
 
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Metadaten
Titel
The relay for human longevity: country-specific contributions to the increase of the best-practice life expectancy
verfasst von
Andrea Nigri
Elisabetta Barbi
Susanna Levantesi
Publikationsdatum
13.01.2022
Verlag
Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in
Quality & Quantity / Ausgabe 6/2022
Print ISSN: 0033-5177
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7845
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/s11135-021-01298-1

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