Multihop routing with static and distributed clustering in WSNs

Nowadays, Wireless Sensor Networks are one of the fundamental infrastructures for IoT technology. Although WSN has been researched for a decade, providing energy efficiency for resource-constrained sensor nodes is still a hot topic given the widespread usage of real-time WSN applications. For ensuring scalability, recent studies focus on multi-hop routing schemes. In this paper, a fully distributed, multi-hop intra and inter-cluster communication based static clustering scheme (MI²RSDiC) is proposed for WSNs. Differently from the studies in literature, MI²RSDiC suggests a limited re-evaluation opportunity to the nodes in clustering phase for optimized decision, an adaptive threshold-based cluster head alteration for energy efficiency and a multi-hop communication at every transmission stage for supporting large-scale WSNs. The proposed approach is compared with recent approaches and the results show that MI²RSDiC yields the highest lifetime of the network with achieving the least energy consumption and the largest amount of collected data among the equivalent approaches.