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Erschienen in:
The Beginnings of the European Union and Overview of the Book Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

15. A History of VW’s Spanish Car Plants, Part II: 1989–2018

verfasst von : A. J. Jacobs

Erschienen in: The Automotive Industry and European Integration

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This chapter examines Volkswagen Sociedad Espanola de Automoviles de Turismo, SA’s (SEAT’s) newly constructed Martorell complex, the winding down of car output at Zona Franca, and the automaker’s spinning off its Pamplona plant from SEAT in 1993. The final sections offer post-2001 highlights for Seat Martorell and VW Pamplona and projections for their near-term futures.

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Vorheriges Kapitel A History of VW’s Spanish Car Plants, Part I: 1940–1989
Nächstes Kapitel PSA Peugeot Citroen’s Car Plants in Spain Part I: 1951–1989
Fußnoten
1
VW (1972–2018); Ward’s (1956–2018); Seat (1988–2018). Again, to avoid confusion, the all caps SEAT is used for the SEAT Group and corporation, SEAT SA. The mixed case Seat is utilized for the names of the corporation’s cars and factories.
 
2
Ward’s (1956–2018); Seat (1988–2018, 2009, 2017, 2018a); Done (1989); Financial Post (1990).
 
3
Ward’s (1956–2018); Seat (1988–2018); Smith (1998); Jacobs (2017).
 
4
Seat (1988–2018); Done (1989); Smith (1998).
 
5
Ward’s (1956–2018); Kamp (2007); VW Navarra (2017, 2018).
 
6
VW (1972–2018); Seat (1988–2018, 2017).
 
7
Seat (1988–2018, 2017); VW Navarra (2017).
 
8
Seat (1988–2018).
 
9
Seat (1988–2018); Protzman (1992); WSJ (1992); Aeppel (1993); Smith (1998).
 
10
Seat (1988–2018, 2009, 2018a); Perez (1993).
 
11
Choi (1993a, b); WSJ (1993a); Smith (1998); Seat (1988–2018).
 
12
Ibid.
 
13
Choi (1993a, b); WSJ (1993b, c, d); Smith (1998).
 
14
Seat (1988–2018); AP (1993) Choi (1993b); WSJ (1993c, d); Smith (1998).
 
15
WSJ (1993e); Smith (1998).
 
16
Seat (1988–2018); Nelson (1993); Smith (1998); VW (2014); VW Navarra (2018).
 
17
Seat (1988–2018, 2009, 2017); Choi (1994); Goodman (1998).
 
18
Choi (1994); WSJ (1994); Smith (1998); Jacobs (2017); Spain (2017–2018).
 
19
Ibid.
 
20
Seat (1988–2018, 2017).
 
21
Ibid.
 
22
Ibid.
 
23
Ibid.
 
24
Generally speaking, a platform comprises a vehicle’s underbody (front floor and underfloor), axles, steering and suspension systems, and related compartments where powertrain components (engine, transmission/gearbox, and drivetrain) are installed.
 
25
Seat (1988–2018, 2017); Muffato (1999); Pries (2003); Jurgens (2009); Jacobs (2017); Spain (2017–2018).
 
26
Ibid.
 
27
Seat (1988–2018, 2017).
 
28
VW (1972–2018, 2014); VW Navarra (2017, 2017–2018).
 
29
Ibid.
 
30
Ibid.
 
31
VW (1972–2018); Done (1999); Jakubiak et al. (2008); Ortiz and Llorente-Galera (2008); BLS (2013a); Jacobs (2013, 2017); VW Slovakia (2018). VW also had grown frustrated with the demands and work stoppages of its German unions, an issue it expected to avoid in Slovakia.
 
32
VW (1972–2018); Seat (1988–2018, 2017).
 
33
Seat (1988–2018); Jacobs (2017); VW Slovakia (2018).
 
34
VW (1972–2018); Seat (1988–2018, 2009); Ostle (1999); Ortiz and Llorente-Galera (2008).
 
35
Ibid.
 
36
Seat (1988–2018, 2009).
 
37
VW (1972–2018); Seat (1988–2018, 2009, 2017); Jacobs (2017). The Audi A6 luxury sedan was second, launching at Audi Neckarsulm in Germany in February 2004.
 
38
Seat (1988–2018); VW (1972–2018).
 
39
Seat (1988–2018).
 
40
Lyffyt (2011); Jacobs (2017); EEA (2018).
 
41
VW (1972–2018); Seat (1988–2018, 2017).
 
42
VW (1972–2018); Seat (1988–2018); Skoda (2001–2018); Audi (2004–2018).
 
43
VW (1972–2018, 2014); Jacobs (2017).
 
44
VW (1972–2018, 2014); Audi (2004–2018); Jacobs (2017).
 
45
VW (1972–2018); Seat (1988–2018); EEA (2018).
 
46
Seat (1988–2018, 2017); Audi (2004–2018).
 
47
Seat (1988–2018, 2017); Jacobs (2017).
 
48
BLS (2013b); Jacobs (2017); Eurostat (2018). BLS hourly compensation incorporates direct pay, social insurance expenditures, and labor-related taxes.
 
49
Seat (1988–2018, 2017); Jacobs (2017); Eurostat (2018).
 
50
Mueller (2015); Jacobs (2017); Eurostat (2018).
 
51
VW (1972–2018); Seat (1988–2018, 2017).
 
52
Seat (1988–2018, 2017); Jolley (2015); Gibbs (2016); Jacobs (2017).
 
53
Seat (1988–2018); Skoda (2001–2018).
 
54
VW (1972–2018, 2014); Ortiz and Llorente-Galera (2008); Jacobs (2017); VW Navarra (2017, 2017–2018).
 
55
VW (1972–2018, 2014); Slovak Spectator (2007); Jacobs (2017); VW Navarra (2017, 2017–2018).
 
56
Mueller (2015); Palacios (2016); VW Navarra (2017, 2017–2018).
 
57
VW (1972–2018); Seat (1988–2018, 2018b); Audi (2004–2018); Jacobs (2017); Spain (2017–2018).
 
58
Ciferri (2017) Palacios (2017); Cramer (2018).
 
59
Spain (2017–2018); Palacios (2018a).
 
60
VW Navarra (2017, 2017–2018); Hetzner (2018a, b); Palacios (2018b).
 
61
VW (1972–2018, 2018); Skoda (2001–2018); Hetzner (2018b); Gibbs (2018); Mano (2018).
 
Literatur
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AP (1993) Stoppage in Spain. New York Times, 10 November, D4.
Audi (2004–2018) Audi Annual Reports 2003–2017. Ingolstadt: Audi AG.
Choi A (1993a) Volkswagen Unit in Spain Requires 1 Billion Bailout. Wall Street Journal, 15 September, A10.
Choi A (1993b) VW is to End Output at Plant Near Barcelona. Wall Street Journal, 25 October June, A16.
Choi A (1994) VW Shareholders Assail Management for Poor Results. Wall Street Journal, 2 June, A10.
Done K (1989) Volkswagen to Invest 3.3 Bn Pounds in Seat Subsidiary. Financial Times, 22 February, 1.
Done K (1999) VW to double capacity in Slovakia. Financial Times, 21 January, 27.
Financial Post (1990) VW ups stake in Spain’s Seat, 19 December, 21.
Goodman (1998) Spanish Company is a Star of Volkswagen’s Universe. New York Times, 17 February, D6.
Jacobs A J (2013) The Bratislava Metropolitan Region. Cities, 31 (4), 507–14.CrossRef
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Jakubiak M, P Kolesar, I Izvorski, and L Kurekova (2008) The Automotive Industry in the Slovak Republic. Washington, DC: International Bank for Reconstruction and Development/World Bank Commission on Growth and Development, Working Paper No. 29.
Jurgens U (2009) The Final Chapter of the ‘VW Model’? The VW Trajectory, 1995–2005, in M Freyssenet, A (ed.), The Second Automobile Revolution: Trajectories of the World Carmakers in the 21st Century (Basingstoke, UK: Palgrave Macmillan), pp. 225–245.CrossRef
Kamp B (2007) Location Behaviour and Relationship Stability in International Business Networks (New York: Routledge).
Muffato M (1999) Introducing a Platform Strategy in Product Development. International Journal of Production Economics, (60–61), 145–153.CrossRef
Nelson M (1993) Volkswagen Agrees to Forgive Debt of Spanish Unit. Wall Street Journal, 20 December, A8.
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Pries L (2003) Volkswagen: Accelerating from a Multinational to a Transnational Automobile Company In: M Freyssenet, K Shimizu, and G Volpato (eds.), Globalization or Regionalization of the European Car Industry? (New York: Palgrave Macmillan), pp. 51–72
Perez A (1993) Automobile: Pour Fabriquer la Nouvelle Ibiza – SEAT Investit 11 Milliards de Francs dans une Nouvelle Usine. French Republic, 22 February, 8.
Protzman F (1992) Struggle Ahead for Volkswagen. New York Times, 10 December D6.
Seat (1988–2018) Seat Annual Reports, 1987–2017. Barcelona and Martorell: Seat SA.
Seat (2017) Production Data by Model for Seat Barcelona and Seat Martorell, 1986–2016. Unpublished data obtained from Corporate Communications, 12 June.
Skoda (2001–2018) Skoda Auto Annual Reports, 2000 to 2017. Mlada Boleslav: Skoda Auto.
Smith, W (1998) The Left’s Dirty Job: Politics of Industrial Restructuring in France and Spain (Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press).
Spain (2017–2018) Author Site Visits, Car Factory Tours, and Correspondents with Firm Representatives in Spain, 28 March 2017 to 18 September 2018.
VW (1972–2018) Volkswagen AG: Annual Reports, from 1971 to 2017. Wolfsburg: Volkswagen AG.
VW (2014) VW Chronicle, 1904–2012. Wolfsburg, Volkswagen AG.
VW Navarra (2017) VW Navarra: Historical Production & Workforce, 1984–2016. Unpublished data obtained from VW Navarra in Pamplona.
VW Navarra (2017–2018) Historical Information about VW Pamplona. Obtained via multiple email correspondents with Executive Communications, 2 November 2017 to 7 May 2018.
Ward’s (1956–2018) Ward’s Automotive Yearbook, 1956 to 2018 (Detroit: Ward’s Communications).
WSJ (1992) World Markets: Tokyo Stocks End Flat in Anticipation of Moves to Bolster Japan’s Economy. Wall Street Journal, 31 March, C11.
WSJ (1993a) Volkswagen Expects Profitable 3rd Quarter Despite Spain Losses. Wall Street Journal, 16 September, A12.
WSJ (1993b) Who’s News: Seat Chairman Quits After VW Rejects Restructuring Plan. Wall Street Journal. 30 September, B11.
WSJ (1993c) Corporate Report: Volkswagen AG Seat SA Workers Walk Out to Protest Closing of Plant. Wall Street Journal, 28 October, A18.
WSJ (1993d) Named Chairman of Volkswagen’s Seat Unit. 5 November, A6.
WSJ (1993e) Volkswagen AG. Wall Street Journal, 16 December, A13.
WSJ (1994) Volkswagen AG. Wall Street Journal, 12 July, A10.
Metadaten
Titel
A History of VW’s Spanish Car Plants, Part II: 1989–2018
verfasst von
A. J. Jacobs
Copyright-Jahr
2019
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
Buch
The Automotive Industry and European Integration

Print ISBN: 978-3-030-17430-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-030-17431-6

Copyright-Jahr: 2019

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-17431-6_15

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