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2011 | Buch

Fly Ash Kapitel lesen Erstes Kapitel lesen

Supplementary Cementing Materials

verfasst von: Rafat Siddique, Mohammad Iqbal Khan

Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg

Buchreihe : Engineering Materials

Enthalten in: Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" , Springer Professional "Technik" , Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

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SUCHEN

Über dieses Buch

This book is an attempt to consolidate the published research related to the use of Supplementary Cementing Materials in cement and concrete. It comprises of five chapters. Each chapter is devoted to a particular supplementing

cementing material. It is based on the literature/research findings published in

journals/conference proceeding, etc. Topics covered in the book are; coal fly ash, silica fume

(SF), granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS), metakaolin (MK), and rice husk ash (RHA).

Each chapter contains introduction, properties of the waste material/by-product, its potential

usage, and its effect on the properties of fresh and hardened concrete and other cement based

materials.

Inhaltsverzeichnis

Frontmatter
Chapter 1. Fly Ash
Abstract
 The fly ash, also known as pulverised fuel ash, is produced from burning pulverized coal in electric power generating plants. During combustion, mineral impurities in the coal (clay, feldspar, quartz, and shale) fuse in suspension and float out of the combustion chamber along with exhaust gases. As the fused material rises, it cools and solidifies into spherical glassy particles called fly ash. It is a fine-grained, powdery particulate material that is collected from the exhaust gases by electrostatic precipitators or bag filters. Depending upon the collection system, varying from mechanical to electrical precipitators or bag houses and fabric filters, approximately 85–99% of the ash from the flue gases in retrieved in the form of fly ash. Fly ash accounts for 75–85% of the total coal ash, and the remainder is collected as bottom ash or boiler slag.
Rafat Siddique, Mohammad Iqbal Khan
Chapter 2. Silica Fume
Abstract
The American concrete institute (ACI) defines silica fume as a “very fine non-crystalline silica produced in electric arc furnaces as a by product of production of elemental silicon or alloys containing silicon”. It is usually a grey colored powder, somewhat similar to Portland cement or some fly ashes. It can exhibit both pozzolanic and cementitious properties.
Rafat Siddique, Mohammad Iqbal Khan
Chapter 3. Ground Granulated Blast Furnace Slag
Abstract
Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) is a by-product from the blast-furnaces used to make iron. Blast-furnaces are fed with controlled mixture of iron-ore, coke and limestone, and operated at a temperature of about 1,500°C. When iron-ore, coke and limestone melt in the blast furnace, two products are produced—molten iron, and molten slag. The molten slag is lighter and floats on the top of the molten iron. The molten slag comprises mostly silicates and alumina from the original iron ore, combined with some oxides from the limestone. The process of granulating the slag involves cooling of molten slag through high-pressure water jets. This rapidly quenches the slag and forms granular particles generally not bigger than 5 mm. The rapid cooling prevents the formation of larger crystals, and the resulting granular material comprises around 95% non-crystalline calcium-aluminosilicates. The granulated slag is further processed by drying and then grinding in a rotating ball mill to a very fine powder, which is GGBS.
Rafat Siddique, Mohammad Iqbal Khan
Chapter 4. Metakaolin
Abstract
Metakaolin (MK) is a pozzolanic material. It is a dehydroxylated form of the clay mineral kaolinite. It is obtained by calcination of kaolinitic clay at a temperature between 500°C and 800°C. Between 100 and 200°C, clay minerals lose most of their adsorbed water. Between 500 and 800°C kaolinite becomes calcined by losing water through dehydroxilization. The raw material input in the manufacture of metakaolin (Al2Si2O7) is kaolin clay. Kaolin is a fine, white, clay mineral that has been traditionally used in the manufacture of porcelain. Kaolinite is the mineralogical term that is applicable to kaolin clays. Kaolinite is defined as a common mineral, hydrated aluminum disilicate, the most common constituent of kaolin.
Rafat Siddique, Mohammad Iqbal Khan
Chapter 5. Rice Husk Ash
Abstract
Rice husk ash (RHA) is generated by burning rice husk. On burning, cellulose and lignin are removed leaving behind silica ash. The controlled temperature and environment of burning yields better quality of rice-husk ash as its particle size and specific surface area are dependent on burning condition. The ash produced by controlled burning of the rice husk between 550°C and 700°C incinerating temperature for 1 h transforms the silica content of the ash into amorphous phase. The reactivity of amorphous silica is directly proportional to the specific surface area of ash. The ash so produced is pulverized or ground to required fineness and mixed with cement to produce blended cement.
Rafat Siddique, Mohammad Iqbal Khan
Backmatter
Metadaten
Titel
Supplementary Cementing Materials
verfasst von
Rafat Siddique
Mohammad Iqbal Khan
Copyright-Jahr
2011
Verlag
Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Electronic ISBN
978-3-642-17866-5
Print ISBN
978-3-642-17865-8
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-17866-5

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