Dynamic modeling and analysis of biotrickling filters in continuous operation for H₂S removal

A number of important biotrickling filter (BTF) models are reviewed. For our study, a theoretical model, based on H₂S removal in a differential BTF under batch mode, was selected among the models reviewed. Using a cascade of BTF units in series, in this work, we have extended the model for continuous operation under dynamic conditions and the model accuracy is verified under a limiting case. The modified model was successfully simulated and used in the performance evaluation of a continuous BTF. Sensitivity analysis of the BTF performance in a continuous operation revealed that liquid–gas velocity ratio (LGVR) has negligible effects as compared to the effects of inlet concentration of H₂S and gas velocity. The modified model extends the applicability of the model for full-scale design, process identification and control systems of a BTF in a continuous operation.