Pinch Analysis targeting for CO₂ Total Site planning

Rising CO₂ emissions that have been primarily attributed to fossil fuel utilisation have motivated extensive research on optimal CO₂ reduction planning and management. Carbon (more precisely CO₂) capture and storage (CCS) and carbon capture and utilisation (CCU) have been the potential solutions to control CO₂ emissions. However, mitigating CO₂ emissions via CO₂ storage in geological reservoirs without utilisation is merely a technology transition, and CO₂ utilisation is limited due to the short lifespan of products. The integration of CCS and CCU, described as carbon capture, utilisation and storage (CCUS), has recently been introduced as a better option to mitigate CO₂ emission. This study introduces a new algebraic targeting method for optimal CCUS network based on a Pinch Analysis–Total Site CO₂ integration approach. A new concept of Total Site CO₂ Integration is introduced within the CCS development. The CO₂ captured with a certain quality from the largest CO₂ emissions sources or plants is injected into a CO₂ pipeline header to match the CO₂ demands for utilising by various industries. The CO₂ sources and demands are matched, and the maximum CCU potential is targeted before the remaining captured CO₂ is injected into a dedicated geological storage. One or more headers are divided into certain composition ranges based on the purity level of the CO₂ sources and demands. The CO₂ header can satisfy the CO₂ demands for various industries located along the headers, which require CO₂ as their raw material. The CO₂ can be further regenerated, and mixed as needed with pure CO₂ generated from one or multiple centralised CO₂ plants if required. The main consideration for the problem is the CO₂ purity composition of targeted sources and demands. The proper estimation of CO₂ integration will reduce the amount of CO₂ emission needed to be stored and introduced to systematic CO₂ planning and management network.