nach oben

Journal of International Entrepreneurship

Erschienen in:

07.12.2016

Differences in international opportunity identification between native and immigrant entrepreneurs

verfasst von: Evgueni Vinogradov, Eva Jenny Benedikte Jørgensen

Erschienen in: Journal of International Entrepreneurship | Ausgabe 2/2017

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

The aim of this study is to understand more about how identification of international opportunities differs between native and immigrant entrepreneurs. Based on a survey of 116 immigrant and 864 native Norwegian entrepreneurs with newly registered firms, we show that immigrant entrepreneurs are more likely to identify international opportunities than native entrepreneurs are. We reveal important differences in the identification process between native and immigrant entrepreneurs. Whereas general human capital has a significant positive effect on international opportunity identification for native entrepreneurs, we cannot find the same effect among immigrant entrepreneurs. Moreover, although financial capital positively influences international opportunity identification among native entrepreneurs, the same effect is significantly negative among immigrant entrepreneurs. Based on these findings, we conclude that native and immigrant entrepreneurs do not utilise the same resources to identify international opportunities. This study contributes to the literature on international entrepreneurship by documenting significant differences in how native and immigrant entrepreneurs identify international opportunities. It also contributes to immigrant entrepreneurship literature by bringing the opportunity-based view of entrepreneurship into the field.

Vorheriger Artikel Turning point: when born globals enter post-entry stage

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Akee RK, Jaeger DA, Tatsiramos K (2007) The persistence of self-employment across borders: new evidence on legal immigrants to the United States [Discussion paper]: CReAM

Åkerman N (2015) International opportunity realization in firm internationalization: non-linear effects of market-specific knowledge and internationalization knowledge. J Int Entrep 13(3):242–259CrossRef

Alvarez SA, Barney JB (2007) Discovery and creation: alternative theories of entrepreneurial action. Strateg Entrep J 1(1–2):11–26CrossRef

Alvarez SA, Barney JB, Anderson P (2013) Forming and exploiting opportunities: the implication of discovery and creation process for entrepreneurial and organizational research. Organ Sci 24(1):301–317CrossRef

Amoros JE, Bosma N (2013) Global entrepreneurship monitor. 2013 global report. http://www.gemconsortium.org/docs/download/3106

Andersson S, Evers N (2015) International opportunity recognition in international new ventures-a dynamic managerial perspective. J Int Entrep 13(3):260–276CrossRef

Autio E, Sapienza HJ, Almeida JG (2000) Effects of age at entry, knowledge intensity, and imitability on international growth. Acad Manag J 43(5):909–924CrossRef

Bates T, Dunham CR (1993) Asian-American success in self-employment. Econ Dev Q 7(2):199–214CrossRef

Beaujot R, Maxim PS, Zhao JZ (1994) Self-employment among immigrants: a test of the blocked mobility hypothesis. Canadian Studies in Population 21(2):81–96

Bhaskar R (2008) A realist theory of science. Routledge, London

Bonacich E (1973) A theory of middleman minorities. Am Sociol Rev 38(5):583–594CrossRef

Borjas GJ (1986) The self-employment experience of immigrants. J Hum Resour 21(4):485–506CrossRef

Borjas GJ, Bronars SG (1989) Consumer discrimination and self-employment. J Polit Econ 97(3):581–605CrossRef

Bullvåg E, Alsos G, Kolvereid L, Åmo BW (2011) GEM Norway. http://www.gemconsortium.org/docs/2783/gem-norway-2011-report

Caulkins DD, Peters C (2002) Grid-group analysis, social capital, and entrepreneurship among north American ethnic groups. Cross-Cult Res 36(1):48–72CrossRef

Clark K, Drinkwater S (1998) Ethnicity and self-employment in Britain. Oxford B Econ Stat 60(3):383–407CrossRef

Clydesdale G (2008) Business immigrants and the entrepreneurial nexus. J Int Entrep 6(3):123–142CrossRef

Cobas JA (1986) Paths to self-employment among immigrants: an analysis of four interpretations. Sociol Perspect 29(1):101–120CrossRef

Cooper AC, Gimeno-Gascon FG, Woo CY (1994) Initial human capital and financial capital as predictors of new venture performance. J Bus Venturing 9(5):371–395CrossRef

Crick D, Chaudhry S, Batstone S (2001) An investigation into the overseas expansion of small Asian-owned UK firms. Small Bus Econ 16(2):75–94CrossRef

Davidsson P (2015) Entrepreneurial opportunities and the entrepreneurship nexus: a re-conceptualization. J Bus Venturing 30(5):674–695CrossRef

Dimitratos P, Johnson JE, Plakoyiannaki E, Young S (2016) SME internationalization: how does the opportunity-based international culture matter? Int Bus Rev 25(6):1211–1222CrossRef

Eckhardt JT, Shane SA (2003) Opportunities and entrepreneurship. J Manage 29(3):333–349

Etemad H (2015) Entrepreneurial orientation-performance relationship in the international context. J Int Entrep 13(1):1–6

Evans MDR (1989) Immigrant entrepreneurship - effects of ethnic market-size and isolated labour pool. Am Sociol Rev 54(6):950–962CrossRef

Fairlie RW (2012) Immigrant Entrepreneurs and Small Business Owners, and Their Access to Financial Capital. Small Business Administration Office of Advocacy Working Paper No. 396

Fairlie RW, Meyer BD (1994) The ethnic and racial character of self-employment (4791). Retrieved from Cambridge, MACrossRef

Govindarajan V, Gupta AK (2000) Analysis of the emerging global arena. Eur Manag J 18(3):274–284CrossRef

Hannibal M, Evers N, Servais P (2016) Opportunity recognition and international new venture creation in university spin-offs—cases from Denmark and Ireland. J Int Entrep 14(3):345–372CrossRef

Hart D, Acs Z, Tracy S (2009) High-tech immigrant entrepreneurship in the United States. Small Business Administration Office of Advocacy, Washington

Herrmann P, Datta DK (2005) Relationships between top management team characteristics and international diversification: an empirical investigation. Brit J Manage 16(1):69–78CrossRef

Hills GR, Shrader R (1998) Successful entrepreneurs’ insights into opportunity recognition. In: Reynolds P, Bygrave W, Carter NM, Manigart A, Mason C, Meyer BD, Shaver K (eds) Frontiers of entrepreneurship research. Babson College, Babson Park, pp. 30–43

Hilmersson M, Papaioannou S (2015) SME international opportunity scouting—empirical insights on its determinants and outcomes. J Int Entrep 13(3):186–211CrossRef

Hymer S (1976) International operations of national firms: a study of foreign direct investment. MIT Press, Boston, MA

Jiang G, Kotabe M, Hamilton RD III, Smith SW (2016) Early internationalization and the role of immigration in new venture survival. Int Bus Rev 25(6):1285–1296CrossRef

Johanson J, Vahlne JE (2009) The Uppsala internationalization process model revisited: from liability of foreignness to liability of outsidership. J Int Bus Stud 40(9):1411–1431CrossRef

Keupp MM, Gassmann O (2009) The past and the future of international entrepreneurship: a review and suggestions for developing the field. J Manage 35(3):600–633

Kloosterman R (2010) Matching opportunities with resources: a framework for analysing (migrant) entrepreneurship from mixed embeddedness perspective. Entrep Region Dev 22(1):25–45CrossRef

Kloosterman R, Rath J (2001) Immigrant entrepreneurs in advanced economies: mixed embeddedness further explored. J Ethn Migr Stud 27(2):1–10CrossRef

Kloosterman R, Leun JVD, Rath J (1999) Mixed embeddedness: (in)formal economic activities and immigrant businesses in the Netherlands. Int J Urban Regional 23(2):252–266CrossRef

Laperrière A, Spence M (2015) Enacting international opportunities: the role of organizational learning in knowledge-intensive business services. J Int Entrep 13(3):212–241CrossRef

Le AT (2000) The determinants of immigrant self-employment in Australia. Int Migr Rev 34(1):183–214CrossRef

Lehto I (2015) International entrepreneurial selling as construction of international opportunities. J Int Entrep 13(3):277–302CrossRef

Li PS (2001) Immigrants' propensity to self-employment: evidence from Canada. Int Migr Rev 35(4):1106–1128

Light I (1984) Immigrant and ethnic enterprise in North America. Ethnic Racial Stud 7:195–216CrossRef

Light I (2000) Globalisation and migration networks. In: Rath J (ed) Immigrant businesses: the economic, political and social environment. Macmillan, Basingstoke, pp. 162–181CrossRef

Light I, Zhou M, Kim M (2002) Transnationalism and American exports in an English-speaking world. Int Migr Rev 36(3):702–725CrossRef

Mainela T, Puhakka V, Servais P (2014) The concept of international opportunity in international entrepreneurship: a review and research agenda. Int J Manag Rev 16(1):105–129CrossRef

Mainela T, Puhakka V, Servais P (2015) Boundary crossing for international opportunities. J Int Entrep 13(3):173–185CrossRef

Mathews JA, Zander I (2007) The international entrepreneurial dynamics of accelerated internationalisation. J Int Bus Stud 38(3):387–403CrossRef

Muzychenko O, Liesch PW (2015) International opportunity identification in the internationalisation of the firm. J World Bus 50(4):704–717CrossRef

Nordman ER, Melen S (2008) The impact of different kinds of knowledge for the internationalization process of born Globals in the biotech business. J World Bus 43(2):171–185CrossRef

Oviatt BM, McDougall PP (2005) Defining international entrepreneurship and modelling the speed of internationalization. Entrep Theory Pract 29(5):537–553CrossRef

Peduzzi P, Concato J, Kemper E, Holford TR, Feinstein AR (1996) A simulation study of the number of events per variable in logistic regression analysis. J Clin Epidemol 49(12):1373–1379CrossRef

Peng MW (2001) The resource-based view of international business. J Manag 27(6):803–829

Portes A, Zhou M (1992) Gaining the upper hand: economic mobility among immigrant and domestic minorities. Ethnic Racial Stud 14(4):491–522CrossRef

Potocky-Tripodi M (2004) The role of social capital in immigrant and refugee economic adaptation. J Soc Serv Res 31(1):59–91CrossRef

Ram M, Smallbone D, Deakins D, Jones T (2003) Banking on ‘break-out’: finance and the development of ethnic minority businesses. J Ethn Migr Stud 29(4):663–681CrossRef

Razin E, Scheinberg D (2001) Immigrant entrepreneurs from the former USSR in Israel: not the traditional enclave economy. J Ethn Migr Stud 27(2):259–276CrossRef

Sanders JM, Nee V (1996) Immigrant self-employment: the family as social capital and the value of human capital. Am Sociol Rev 61(2):231–249CrossRef

Saxenian A (1999) Silicon Valley’s new immigrant entrepreneurs. Public Policy Institute of California, San Francisco, CA

Sayer A (2000) Realism and social science. SAGE Publications, London, Thousand Oaks, California and New DehliCrossRef

Sequeira ACO (2007) Entrepreneurship and ethnicity: the role of human capital and family social capital. J Dev Entrep 12(1):31–46CrossRef

Sequeira JM, Rasheed AA (2004) The role of social and human capital in the start-up and growth of immigrant businesses. In: Stiles CH, Galbraith CS (eds) Ethnic entrepreneurship: structure and process. Elsevier, Amsterdam, pp. 77–94

Sequeira JM, Rasheed AA (2006) Start-up and growth of immigrant small businesses: the impact of social and human capital. J Dev Entrep 11(4):357–375CrossRef

Shane S (2004) A general theory of entrepreneurship: the individual-opportunity nexus. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham

Shane S, Venkataraman S (2000) The promise of entrepreneurship as a field of research. Acad Manag Rev 25(1):217–226

Srinivasan R, Pyati A (2007) Diasporic information environments: reframing immigrant-focused information research. J As Inform Sci Tech 58(12):1734–1744CrossRef

Statistics_Norway. 2014. Special tabulation Unpublished

van Tubergen F (2005) Self-employment of immigrants: a cross-national study of 17 western societies. Soc Forces 84(2):709–732CrossRef

Venkataraman S (1997) The distinctive domain of entrepreneurship research: an editor’s perspective. In: Katz J, Brockhaus R (eds) Advances in entrepreneurship, firm emergence, and growth. JAI Press, Greenwich, CT, pp. 119–138

Vinogradov E, Elam A (2010) Process model of venture creation by immigrant entrepreneurs. In: Brush CG, Kolvereid L, Widding LØ, Sørheim R (eds) The life circle of new ventures: emergence, newness and growth. Edward Elgar, Cheltenham, pp. 109–126

Vinogradov E, Gabelko M (2010) Entrepreneurship among Russian immigrants in Norway and their stay-at-home peers. J Dev Entrep 15(4):461–479CrossRef

Vinogradov E, Isaksen E (2008) Survival of new firms owned by natives and immigrants in Norway. J Dev Entrep 13(1):21–38CrossRef

Vinogradov E, Kolvereid L (2007) Cultural background, human capital and self-employment rates among immigrants in Norway. Entrep Region Dev 19(4):359–376CrossRef

Vissak T, Zhang X (2014) Chinese immigrant entrepreneurs’ involvement in internationalization and innovation: three Canadian cases. J Int Entrep 12(2):183–201CrossRef

Vittinghoff E, McCulloch CE (2006) Relaxing the rule of ten events per variable in logistic and cox regression. Am J Epidemol 165(6):710–718CrossRef

Wadhwa V, Rissing B, Saxenian AL, Gereffi, G (2007) Education, Entrepreneurship and Immigration: America’s New Immigrant Entrepreneurs, Part I., Part II

Waldinger R (2002) The immigrant niche in global city-regions: concept, patterns, controversy. In: Scott AJ (ed) Global city-region. University press, Oxford, pp. 299–324

Weber M (1958) The protestant ethic and the spirit of capitalism. Charles Scribner’s sons, New York

Westhead P, Wright M, Ucbasaran D (2001) The internationalization of new and small firms: a resource-based view. J Bus Ventur 16(4):333–358CrossRef

Wong B (1998) Ethnicity and entrepreneurship: the new Chinese immigrants in the San Francisco Bay area. Allyn and Bacon, Boston

World Bank. 2014 [cited. Available from http://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.PCAP.CD

Zaheer S (1995) Overcoming the liability of foreignness. Acad Manag J 38(2):341–363CrossRef

Zhou M (2004) Revisiting ethnic entrepreneurship: convergences, controversies, and conceptual advancements. Int Migr Rev 38(3):1040–1074CrossRef

Zhou L (2007) The effects of entrepreneurial proclivity and foreign market knowledge on early internationalization. J of World Bus 42(3):281–293CrossRef

Titel: Differences in international opportunity identification between native and immigrant entrepreneurs
verfasst von: Evgueni Vinogradov
Eva Jenny Benedikte Jørgensen
Publikationsdatum: 07.12.2016
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Journal of International Entrepreneurship / Ausgabe 2/2017
Print ISSN: 1570-7385
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7349
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10843-016-0197-5

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 2/2017

Turning point: when born globals enter post-entry stage

Towards an emerging evolutionary life-cycle theory of internationalized entrepreneurial firms: from born globals to borderless firms?

Knowledge spillovers and high-impact growth: Comparing local and foreign firms in the UK

From global start-ups to the borderless firm: Why and how to build a worldwide value system

Premium Partner