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30.10.2019

Egalitarianism and the democratic deconsolidation: Is democracy compatible with socialism?

verfasst von: François Facchini, Mickael Melki

Erschienen in: Public Choice | Ausgabe 3-4/2021

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Abstract

The unprecedented reduction in popular support for democracy represents a risk of democratic deconsolidation. The new situation echoes old debates on the compatibility of democracy with capitalism and socialism. This article provides empirical support for the incompatibility of socialism with democracy by providing evidence suggesting that when citizens adopt egalitarianism as a supreme value, they are ready to sacrifice democracy for the sake of equality. Using individual data, we observe that the decline in support for democracy over generations and over time is accompanied by rising support for egalitarian values in US and European democracies. Moreover, democracies with stronger preferences for egalitarianism also have less public support for democracy, suggesting a tradeoff between both values.

Vorheriger Artikel Do banking crises improve democracy?

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However, the term of "deconsolidation" is contested by numerous political scientists because the backsliding of political freedom around the world is not observable with current (and different) democracy indices (Paldam 2019).

Forty-five percent of young Americans, aged 18–29, view capitalism positively while 51% of them are positive about socialism. See https://news.gallup.com/poll/240725/democrats-positive-socialism-capitalism.aspx.

The empirical literature has focused separately on the individual-level support for democracy (Piazza 2019; Borooah et al. 2013) and on individuals’ support for capitalism versus socialism (Bjørnskov and Paldam 2012; Pitlik and Kouba 2015), but has not yet investigated the relationship across both dimensions.

The EU member states included in the waves 5 and 6 of the World Values Surveys are Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom.

Two potentially important variables, the number of people in the household and the size of the town in which the respondent lives are not provided systematically for every country-wave pair in the WVS. Thus, those variables are not included in our specification to retain as many countries as possible in our sample; we checked, however, that their inclusion does not modify our results.

In unreported tests, we checked the validity of our results by restricting our analysis to the countries that are considered to be free according to Freedom House measures.

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Titel: Egalitarianism and the democratic deconsolidation: Is democracy compatible with socialism?
verfasst von: François Facchini
Mickael Melki
Publikationsdatum: 30.10.2019
Verlag: Springer US
Erschienen in: Public Choice / Ausgabe 3-4/2021
Print ISSN: 0048-5829
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-7101
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11127-019-00744-x

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