Novel localization algorithm for wireless sensor network based on intelligent water drops

High localization rigor and low development expense are the keys and pivotal issues in operation and management of wireless sensor network. This paper proposes a neoteric and high efficiency algorithm which is based on new optimization method for locating nodes in an outdoor environment. This new optimization method is non-linear optimization method and is called intelligent water drops (IWDs). It is proposed that the objective function which need to be optimized by using IWDs is the mean squared range error of all neighboring anchor nodes. This paper affirms that received signal strength indicator (RSSI) is used to determine the interior distances between WSNs nodes. IWDs is an elevated performance stochastic global optimization tool that affirms the minimization of objective function, without being trapped into local optima. The proposed algorithm based on IWDs is more attractive to promote elevated localization precision because of a special features that is an easy implementation of IWDs, in addition to non cost of RSSI. Simulation results have approved that the proposed algorithm able to perform better than that of other algorithms based on optimization techniques such as ant colony, genetic algorithm, and particle swarm optimization. This is distinctly appear in some of the evaluation metrics such as localization accuracy and localization rate.