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The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment

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01.08.2015 | LCA FOR AGRICULTURE

Life cycle assessment of organic paddy rotation systems using land- and product-based indicators: a case study in Japan

verfasst von: Shingo Hokazono, Kiyotada Hayashi

Erschienen in: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment | Ausgabe 8/2015

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Abstract

Purpose

This study aims to compare crop rotation systems used in organic farming (organic rotation systems) with those of both conventional farming (conventional rotation systems) and continuous rice cropping systems. Life cycle assessment (LCA) is performed based on land- and product-based indicators.

Methods

Seven crop rotation systems for rice, barley, and soybeans and continuous rice production systems were evaluated in this study. These systems are practiced by farmers in the study region and were constructed using production records, statistics, and guidelines. Comparisons were then made between organic and conventional crop rotation systems and between these crop rotation systems and a continuous rice production system. We used land-oriented expression to analyze tradeoffs between physical and monetary productivity and the environmental impact per area unit and product-oriented expression to analyze efficiency as measured by the environmental impact per product unit.

Results and discussion

Results are summarized as follows: (1) The product-oriented expression, which is equivalent to conducting product LCA, revealed that organic conversion tended to be efficient, irrespective of using physical productivity (the functional unit of product mass measured as averaged annual energy yield) or using monetary productivity (the functional unit of product mass measured as averaged annual income). (2) However, the land-oriented expression revealed that there were tradeoffs between physical productivity and environmental impacts, although these tradeoffs were converted to win–win relationships if monetary productivity was used instead of physical productivity, and (3) the alteration of a continuous rice production system into crop rotations tended to be efficient and enables a win–win relationship.

Conclusions

Organic rotation systems have the potential of being recommended as sustainable agricultural practices in comparison with conventional rotation systems and continuous (organic and conventional) rice production systems. However, it was not clarified which productivity concepts should be used as evaluation criteria. It is considered that further studies using mechanistic modeling of crop rotations are required to improve LCA practices.

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Titel: Life cycle assessment of organic paddy rotation systems using land- and product-based indicators: a case study in Japan
verfasst von: Shingo Hokazono
Kiyotada Hayashi
Publikationsdatum: 01.08.2015
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: The International Journal of Life Cycle Assessment / Ausgabe 8/2015
Print ISSN: 0948-3349
Elektronische ISSN: 1614-7502
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11367-015-0906-7

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Abstract

Purpose

Methods

Results and discussion

Conclusions

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