nach oben

Journal of Business Ethics

Erschienen in:

01.08.2015

Managerial Tolerance of Nepotism: The Effects of Individualism–Collectivism in a Latin American Context

verfasst von: Guillermo Wated, Juan I. Sanchez

Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics | Ausgabe 1/2015

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

This study proposes and tests a model that integrates culture, attitudes, subjective norms, and attributions into a theoretical framework that explains tolerance toward nepotism in a Latin American country. The participants were 202 Ecuadorian middle and upper managers. The results suggested that attitudes, subjective norms, and attributions significantly predict managerial intention to discipline those employees who favored a family member when hiring. Furthermore, subjective norms and internal attributions mediated the relationship between culture and intentions to discipline employees who engaged in nepotistic acts. Our findings highlight the need to implement culture-congruent HR practices to effect mission-driven changes in talent management practices.

Vorheriger Artikel Understanding Moral Courage Through a Feminist and Developmental Ethic of Care

Nächster Artikel The Effect of Ethical Leadership Behavior on Ethical Climate, Turnover Intention, and Affective Commitment

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

BCa = bias corrected and accelerated.

Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decisions Processes, 50, 170–211.CrossRef

Ajzen, I., & Fishbein, M. (1980). Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice-Hall.

Ajzen, I., & Madden, T. J. (1986). Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 22, 453–474.CrossRef

Al-Ali, J. (2008). Emiratisation: Drawing UAE nationals into their surging economy. International Journal of Sociology and Social Policy, 28, 365–379. doi:10.1108/01443330810900202.CrossRef

Arasli, H., Bavik, A., & Ekiz, E. (2006). The effects of nepotism on human resource management: The case of three, four and five star hotels in northern Cyprus. International Journal of Sociology and Social policy, 26, 295–308.CrossRef

Arasli, H., & Tumer, M. (2008). Nepotism, favoritism and cronyism: A study of their effects in job stress and job satisfaction in the banking industry of North Cyprus. Social Behavior and Personality, 36, 1237–1250.CrossRef

Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analytic review. British Journal of Social Psychology, 40, 471–489.CrossRef

Barnett, T., & Kellermanns, E. W. (2006). Are we family and are we treated as family? Nonfamily employees’ perceptions of justice in the family firm. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 30, 837–854. doi:10.1111/j.1540-6520.2006.00155.x.CrossRef

Baron, R. M., & Kenny, D. A. (1986). The moderator-mediator variable in social psychology research: Conceptual, strategic, and statistical considerations. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 51(6), 1173–1182.CrossRef

Bellow, A. (2003). In praise of nepotism: A natural history. New York: Doubleday.

Bitter, M. E., & Gardner, W. L. (1995). A mid-range theory of the leader/member attribution process in professional service organizations: the role of the organizational environment and impression management. In M. J. Martinko (Ed.), Advances in attribution theory: An organizational perspective (pp. 171–192). Delray Beach: St. Lucie Press.

Boutilier, R. (2009). Globalization and the careers of Mexican knowledge workers: An exploratory study of employer and worker adaptations. Journal of Business Ethics, 88, 319–333. doi:10.107/s10551-009-0284-9.CrossRef

Brand, V., & Slater, A. (2003). Using a qualitative approach to gain insights into the business ethics experiences of Australian managers in china. Journal of Business Ethics, 45(3), 167–182.CrossRef

Brislin, R. (1970). Back translation for cross-cultural research. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 1, 185–216.CrossRef

Buss, D. M. (1991). Evolutionary personality psychology. In M. R. Rosenzweig & L. W. Porter (Eds.), Annuat review of^psychology (Vol. 42, pp. 459–492). Palo Alto, CA: Annual Reviews Inc.

Cabrera-Suárez, K. (2005). Leadership transfer and the successor’s development in the family firm. Leadership Quarterly, 16, 71–96. doi:10.1016/j.leaqua.2004.09.010.CrossRef

Central Intelligence Agency. (2005). The world factbook. Retrieved from https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/ec.html Accessed 5 Aug 2014.

Chua, C. E. H., Lim, W. K., Soh, C., & Sia, S. K. (2012). Enacting clan control in complex IT projects: A social capital perspective. MIS Quarterly, 36(2), 577–600.

Chun, C., Moos, R. H., & Cronkite, R. C. (2006). Culture: A fundamental context for the stress and coping paradigm. In P. T. P. Wong & L. C. J. Wong (Eds.), Handbook of multicultural perspectives on stress and coping (pp. 29–53). New York: Springer.CrossRef

Clayton, D. A., & Griffith, C. J. (2008). Efficacy of an extended theory of planned behaviour model for predicting caterers’ hand hygiene practices. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 18, 83–98. doi:10.1080/09603120701358424.CrossRef

Colquitt, J. A., Greenberg, J., & Zapata-Phelan, C. (2005). What is organizational justice? A historical overview. In J. Greenberg & J. A. Jason (Eds.), Handbook of organizational justice. Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Corbett, C. (2001). Explanations for “understanding” in self-reported speeding behaviour. Transportation Research Part F: Psychology and Behaviour, 4, 113–150.CrossRef

Crampton, S. M., & Wagner, J. A, I. I. I. (1994). Percept-percept inflation in microorganizational research: An investigation of prevalence and effect. Journal of Applied Psychology, 79, 67–76. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.79.1.67.CrossRef

Creswell, J. W., & Clark, (2007). Designing and conducting mixed methods research. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Davila, A., & Elvira, M. M. (2005). Culture and human resources management in Latin America. In M. M. Elvira & A. Davila (Eds.), Managing human resources in Latin America (pp. 3–24). New York: Routledge.

Diaz-Saenz, H. R., & Whiterspoon, P. D. (2000). Psychological contracts in Mexico. In D. M. Rousseau & R. Schalk (Eds.), Psychological contracts in employment: Cross-national perspectives (pp. 158–175). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.CrossRef

Eligon, J. (April 2, 2012). System, not judge, is blamed for nepotism in court hiring. The New York Times, p. A20.

Fischer, R., Ferreira, M. C., Assmar, E., Redford, P., Harb, C., Glazer, S., et al. (2009). Individualism–collectivism as descriptive norms: Development of a subjective norm approach to culture measurement. Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology, 40, 187–213.CrossRef

Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1975). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior. Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley.

Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2010). Predicting and changing behavior: The reasoned action approach. New York: Psychology Press.

Fiske, S. T., & Taylor, S. E. (1991). Social cognition. New York: McGraw Hill.

Francis, J. J., Eccles, M. P., Johnston, M., Walker, A., Grimshaw, J., Foy, R., et al. (2004). Constructing questionnaires based on the theory of planned behavior: A manual for health services researchers. Newcastle upon Tyne, UK: Center for Health Services Research.

Gajduschek, G. (2007). Politisation, professionalisation, or both? Hungary’s civil service system. Communist and Post-Communist Studies, 40(3), 343–362.CrossRef

Godin, G., & Kok, G. (1996). The theory of planned behavior: A review of its application to health related behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion, 11(2), 87–98. doi:10.4278/0890-1171-11.2.87.CrossRef

Gomez, C., Kirkman, B. L., & Shapiro, D. L. (2000). The impact of collectivism and in-group/out-group membership on the evaluation generosity of team members. Academy of Management Journal, 43, 1097–1106. doi:10.2307/1556338.CrossRef

Gomez, C., & Sanchez, J. I. (2005). HR’s strategic role within MNCs: Helping built social capital in Latin America. International Journal of Human Resource Management, 16, 2189–2200. doi:10.1080/09585190500358596.CrossRef

Green, S. G., & Mitchell, T. R. (1979). Attributional processes of leaders in leader-member interactions. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 23, 429–458.CrossRef

Hastie, R. (1981). Schematic principle in human memory. In E. T. Higgins, C. P. Herman, & M. P. Zanna (Eds.), Social cognition: The Ontario Symposium (Vol. 1, pp. 39–88). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.

Hayajenh, A. F., Maghrabi, A. S., & Al-Dabbagh, T. H. (1994). Research note: Assessing the effect of nepotism on human resource managers. International Journal of Manpower, 15, 60–67. doi:10.1108/EUM0000000003933.CrossRef

Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. New York: Wiley.CrossRef

Henle, C. A., Reeve, C. L., & Pitts, V. E. (2010). Stealing time at work: Attitudes, social pressure, and perceived control as predictors of time theft. Journal of Business Ethics, 94(1), 53–67. doi:10.1007/s10551-009-0249-z.CrossRef

Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences: International differences in work-related values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Hofstede, G. (2001). Cultural consequences: Comparing values, behaviors, institutions and organizations across nations. London: Sage.

Instituto Nacional de Estadistica y Censos—INEC. (2010). Resultados del censo 2010 de poblacion y vivienda en el Ecuador: Fasciculo nacional. Retrieved from http://www.inec.gob.ec/cpv/descargables/fasciculo_nacional_final.pdf.

Jones, R. G. (2006). Corporate ethics. In Encyclopedia of industrial and organizational psychology. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Jones, R. G. (2012). Nepotism in organizations. New York: Routledge.

Kim, U., Triandis, H. C., Kagitcibasi, C., Choi, S., & Yoon, G. (1994). Individualism and collectivism. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Knowles, S. R., Hyde, M. K., & White, K. M. (2012). Predictors of young people’s charitable intentions to donate money: An extended theory of planned behavior perspective. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 42(9), 2096–2110. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00932.x.CrossRef

Kovriga, A. V. (2001). Urban management and local government as new institutions in the new Ukraine. International Journal of Public Administration, 24(2), 163–178.CrossRef

Kurland, N. B. (1996). Sales agents and clients: Ethics, incentives and a modified theory of planned behavior. Human Relations, 49(1), 51–74. doi:10.1177/001872679604900103.CrossRef

Lautenschlager, G. J. (1989). A comparison of alternatives to conducting Monte Carlo analysis for determining parallel analysis criteria. Multivariate Behavioral Research, 24, 365–395.CrossRef

Leung, K., & Bond, M. H. (1984). The impact of cultural collectivism on reward allocation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 47, 793–804. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.47.4.793.CrossRef

Lull, J. (2000). Media, communication, culture: A global approach. New York: Columbia University Press.

Markus, H. R., & Kitayama, S. (1991). Culture and the self: Implications for cognition, emotion, and motivation. Psychological Review, 98, 224–253. doi:10.1037/0033-295X.98.2.224.CrossRef

Martinsons, M. G., & Davison, R. M. (2007). Strategic decision making and support systems: Comparing American, Japanese and Chinese management. Decision Support Systems, 43(1), 284–300.CrossRef

McDevitt, P. K., & Small, M. H. (2002). Proprietary market research: Are online panels appropriate? Marketing Intelligence & Planning, 20, 285–296. doi:10.1108/02634500210441530.CrossRef

Mhatre, K. H., Riggio, R. E., & Riggio, H. R. (2012). Nepotism and leadership. In R. Jones (Ed.), Nepotism in organizations (pp. 171–198). New York: Routledge.

Minteer, B. A., & Manning, R. E. (2000). Convergence in environmental values: A empirical and conceptual defense. Ethics, Place and Environment, 3, 47–60.CrossRef

Muchinsky, P. M. (2012). The nepotistic organization: What is this place and how do the people make it? In R. Jones (Ed.), Nepotism in organizations (pp. 43–66). New York: Routledge.

Ortiz, F. (1947). Cuban counterpoint: Tobacco and sugar. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.

Oskamp, S. (1991). Attitudes and opinions. Upper Saddler River, NJ: Pearson.

Podsakoff, P., & Organ, D. (1986). Self-reports in organizational research: problems and prospects. Journal of Management, 12, 531–544.CrossRef

Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and resampling strategies for assessing and comparing indirect effects in multiple mediator models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, 879–891. doi:10.3758/BRM.40.3.879.CrossRef

Punnett, B. J (2007). Management in developing countries. 21st Century Management: A Reference Handbook. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage. Retrieved from http://www.sage-ereference.com/view/management/n19.xml?rskey=ZZzJzB&result=2&q=nepotism#entrycitation.

Rocheleau, C. A. (2013). Organ donation intentions and behaviors: Application and extension of the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 43(1), 201–213. doi:10.1111/j.1559-1816.2012.00998.x.CrossRef

Rogers, R. A. (2006). From cultural exchange to transculturation: A review and reconceptualization of cultural appropriation. Communication Theory, 16, 474–503.CrossRef

Schneider, B., Wheeler, J. K., & Cox, J. F. (1992). A passion for service: Using content analysis to explicate service climate themes. Journal of Applied Psychology, 77, 705–716. doi:10.1037/0021-9010.77.5.705.CrossRef

Sidani, Y. M., & Thornberry, J. (2013). Nepotism in the Arab world: An institutional theory perspective. Business Ethics Quarterly, 23, 69–96. doi:10.5840/eq20132313.CrossRef

Smith, J., & McSweeney, A. (2007). Charitable giving: The effectiveness of a revised theory of planned behaviour model in predicting donating intentions and behavior. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 17(5), 363–386. doi:10.1002/casp.906.CrossRef

Sotiropoulos, D. A. (2004). Southern European public bureaucracies in comparative perspective. West European Politics, 27(3), 405–422.CrossRef

Spector, P. E., Cooper, C. L., Sanchez, J. I., O’Driscoll, M., Sparks, K., Bernin, P., et al. (2002). Locus of control and well-being at work: How generalizable are western work findings? Academy of Management Journal, 45(2), 453–466.

Stevenson, H. W., & Stieger, J. W. (1992). The learning gap: Why our schools are failing and what can we learn from Japanese and Chinese education. New York: Summit Books.

Stone, T. H., Jawahar, I. M., & Kisamore, J. L. (2009). Using the theory of planned behavior and cheating justifications to predict academic misconduct. The Career Development International, 14(3), 221–241. doi:10.1108/13620430910966415.CrossRef

Tajfel, H. (1984). Social psychology of intergroup relations. Annual Review of Psychology, 33, 1–39. doi:10.1146/annurev.ps.33.020182.000245.CrossRef

Taras, V., Kirkman, B. L., & Steel, P. (2010). Examining the impact of Culture’s Consequences: A three-decade, multi-level, metaanalytic review of Hofstede’s cultural value dimensions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 95, 405–439. doi:10.1037/a0018938.CrossRef

Taras, V., Steel, P., & Kirkman, B. L. (2011). Three decades of research on national culture in the workplace: Do the differences still make a difference? Organizational Dynamics, 40(3), 189–198.CrossRef

Triandis, H. C. (1989). The self and social behavior in differing cultural contexts. Psychological Review, 96, 506–520.CrossRef

Triandis, H. C. (1995). Individualism & collectivism. Boulder, CO: Westview.

Triandis, H. C. (2001). Individualism–collectivism and personality. Journal of Personality, 69(6), 907–924.CrossRef

Triandis, H. C., Bontempo, R., Villareal, M. J., Asai, M., & Lucca, N. (1988). Individualism and collectivism: Cross-cultural perspectives on self-in-group relationships. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 54, 323–338. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.54.2.323.CrossRef

Turner, J. C., Brown, R. J., & Tajfel, H. (1979). Social comparison and group interest in ingroup favoritism. European Journal of Social Psychology, 9, 187–204.CrossRef

Wagner, J. A. (1995). Studies of individualism–collectivism: Effects on cooperation in groups. Academy of Management Journal, 38, 152–172. doi:10.2307/256731.CrossRef

Weiner, B. (1986). An attribution theory of motivation and emotion. New York: Springer-Verlag.CrossRef

Welch, J., & Welch, S. The nitty-gritty on nepotism. Business Week, p. 144. Retrieved August 21, 2006 from http://www.businessweek.com/perm/content/06_34/b3998070.htm.

Wines, W. A., & Napier, N. K. (1992). Towards and understanding of cross-cultural ethics: A tentative model. Journal of Business Ethics, 11, 831–841.CrossRef

Wong, Y. H., & Chan, R. Y. K. (1999). Relationship marketing in china: guanxi, favouritism and adaptation. Journal of Business Ethics, 22(2), 107–118.

Yang, L. Q., Spector, P. E., Sanchez, J. I., Allen, T. D., Poelmans, S., Cooper, C. L., et al. (2012). Individualism–collectivism as a moderator of the work demands-strains relationship: A cross-level and cross-national examination. Journal of International Business Studies, 43, 424-443.

Zhang, X., & Li, G. (2003). Does guanxi matter to nonfarm employment? Journal of Comparative Economics, 31, 315–331. doi:10.1016/S0147-5967(03)00019-2.CrossRef

Titel: Managerial Tolerance of Nepotism: The Effects of Individualism–Collectivism in a Latin American Context
verfasst von: Guillermo Wated
Juan I. Sanchez
Publikationsdatum: 01.08.2015
Verlag: Springer Netherlands
Erschienen in: Journal of Business Ethics / Ausgabe 1/2015
Print ISSN: 0167-4544
Elektronische ISSN: 1573-0697
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-014-2195-7

Springer Professional

Abstract

Bitte loggen Sie sich ein, um Zugang zu Ihrer Lizenz zu erhalten.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Weitere Artikel der Ausgabe 1/2015

Value Creation in Cross-Sector Collaborations: The Roles of Experience and Alignment

Monetary Intelligence: Money Attitudes—Unethical Intentions, Intrinsic and Extrinsic Job Satisfaction, and Coping Strategies Across Public and Private Sectors in Macedonia

Corporate Social Responsibility as Shaped by Managers’ Role Dissonance: Cleaning Services Procurement in Israel

Understanding Moral Courage Through a Feminist and Developmental Ethic of Care

Managers’ Views on Ethics Education in Business Schools: An Empirical Study

Guarantees and Profit-Sharing Contracts in Project Financing

Premium Partner