1 Introduction
2 Experimental Procedure
3 Results
4 Discussion
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The solid density must be sufficiently larger than the density of the melt.
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Interdendritic segregation must lead to a rising solutal buoyancy in vertical columnar mushy zone regions which should be stronger than any downwards thermal buoyancy flows.
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Global or even local vortices must deviate the rising solutal buoyancy flow to a horizontal direction.
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A relative broad mushy zone, which typically appear with small temperature gradients, must exist along the vertical wall.
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The solidifying volume must be sufficiently large.