Skip to main content

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Metal-Oxide Nanostructures Designed by Glancing Angle Deposition Technique and Its Applications on Sensors and Optoelectronic Devices: A Review

verfasst von : Divya Singh

Erschienen in: VLSI Design and Test

Verlag: Springer Singapore

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config
loading …

Abstract

Glancing angle deposited (GLAD) metal-oxide nanostructure films are promising materials for sensors and optoelectronic devices application due to the easy fabrication process, structural dependent properties and a large surface to volume ratio. This paper focuses on the literature reviews of metal-oxide nanostructures deposited by GLAD using all the possible deposition techniques such as thermal/electron-beam evaporation, sputtering magnetron, and pulsed laser deposition. The principle behind the formation of nanostructure through GLAD has also been discussed in details. The detailed analysis of the devices and their principle based on GLAD deposited metal-oxide nanostructures for different optoelectronic and sensor devices are also presented. This literature review will be helpful to understand and explore more on the growth of metal-oxide nanostructures using glancing angle deposition technique for futuristic sensors and optoelectronic device applications.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 102.000 Bücher
  • über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
  • Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Automobil + Motoren
  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
  • Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
  • Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe




 

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

  • über 67.000 Bücher
  • über 340 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

  • Bauwesen + Immobilien
  • Business IT + Informatik
  • Finance + Banking
  • Management + Führung
  • Marketing + Vertrieb
  • Versicherung + Risiko




Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Literatur
1.
Zurück zum Zitat Sun, B., Sirringhaus, H.: Solution-processed zinc oxide field-effect transistors based on self-assembly of colloidal nanorods. Nano Lett. 5, 2408–2413 (2005)CrossRef Sun, B., Sirringhaus, H.: Solution-processed zinc oxide field-effect transistors based on self-assembly of colloidal nanorods. Nano Lett. 5, 2408–2413 (2005)CrossRef
2.
Zurück zum Zitat Chauhan, I., Aggrawal, S., Chandravati, Mohanty, P.: Metal oxide nanostructures incorporated/immobilized paper matrices and their applications: a review, pp. 1–18. The Royal Society of Chemistry (2015) Chauhan, I., Aggrawal, S., Chandravati, Mohanty, P.: Metal oxide nanostructures incorporated/immobilized paper matrices and their applications: a review, pp. 1–18. The Royal Society of Chemistry (2015)
3.
Zurück zum Zitat Xia, Y.N., Yang, P.D., Sun, Y.G., Wu, Y.Y., Mayers, B., Gates, B., Yin, Y.D., Kim, F., Yan, H.Q.: One-dimensional nanostructures: synthesis, characterization, and applications. Adv. Mater. 15, 353–389 (2003)CrossRef Xia, Y.N., Yang, P.D., Sun, Y.G., Wu, Y.Y., Mayers, B., Gates, B., Yin, Y.D., Kim, F., Yan, H.Q.: One-dimensional nanostructures: synthesis, characterization, and applications. Adv. Mater. 15, 353–389 (2003)CrossRef
4.
Zurück zum Zitat Lu, J.G., Chang, P., Fan, Z.: Quasi-one-dimensional metal oxide materials-Synthesis, properties, and applications. Mater. Sci. Eng., R 52, 49–91 (2006)CrossRef Lu, J.G., Chang, P., Fan, Z.: Quasi-one-dimensional metal oxide materials-Synthesis, properties, and applications. Mater. Sci. Eng., R 52, 49–91 (2006)CrossRef
5.
Zurück zum Zitat Mathur, S., Singh, A.P., Muller, R., Leuning, T.: Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition of metal oxide films and nanostructures. Ceram. Sci. Technol. 3, 291–336 (2012)CrossRef Mathur, S., Singh, A.P., Muller, R., Leuning, T.: Metal-organic chemical vapor deposition of metal oxide films and nanostructures. Ceram. Sci. Technol. 3, 291–336 (2012)CrossRef
6.
Zurück zum Zitat Cheng, G., Stern, E., Guthrie, S., Reed, M.A., Klie, R., Hao, Y., Meng, G., Zhang, L.: Indium oxide nanostructures. Appl. Phys. A 83, 233–240 (2006)CrossRef Cheng, G., Stern, E., Guthrie, S., Reed, M.A., Klie, R., Hao, Y., Meng, G., Zhang, L.: Indium oxide nanostructures. Appl. Phys. A 83, 233–240 (2006)CrossRef
7.
Zurück zum Zitat Chang, P.C., Fan, Z., Wang, D., Tseng, W.Y., Chiou, W.A., Hong, J., Lu, J.G.: ZnO nanowires synthesized by vapor trapping CVD method. Chem. Mater. 16, 5133–5137 (2004)CrossRef Chang, P.C., Fan, Z., Wang, D., Tseng, W.Y., Chiou, W.A., Hong, J., Lu, J.G.: ZnO nanowires synthesized by vapor trapping CVD method. Chem. Mater. 16, 5133–5137 (2004)CrossRef
8.
Zurück zum Zitat Thabethe, B.S., Malgas, G.F., Motaung, D.E., Malwela, T., Arendse, C.J.: Self-catalytic growth of tin oxide nanowires by chemical vapor deposition process. J. Nanomaterials 2013, 1–7 (2013)CrossRef Thabethe, B.S., Malgas, G.F., Motaung, D.E., Malwela, T., Arendse, C.J.: Self-catalytic growth of tin oxide nanowires by chemical vapor deposition process. J. Nanomaterials 2013, 1–7 (2013)CrossRef
9.
Zurück zum Zitat Kiriakidis, G., Dovinos, D., Suchea, M.: Sensing using nanostructured metal oxide thin films. In: Proceedings of SPIE – The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 6370, pp. 1–12 (2006) Kiriakidis, G., Dovinos, D., Suchea, M.: Sensing using nanostructured metal oxide thin films. In: Proceedings of SPIE – The International Society for Optical Engineering, vol. 6370, pp. 1–12 (2006)
10.
Zurück zum Zitat Huotari, J., Lappalainen, J., Puustinen, J., Baur, T., Alepee, C., Haapalainen, T., Komulainen, S., Pylvanainen, J., Spetz, A.L.: Pulsed laser deposition of metal oxide nanoparticles, agglomerates, and nanotrees for chemical sensors. Eurosensors 120, 1158–1161 (2015) Huotari, J., Lappalainen, J., Puustinen, J., Baur, T., Alepee, C., Haapalainen, T., Komulainen, S., Pylvanainen, J., Spetz, A.L.: Pulsed laser deposition of metal oxide nanoparticles, agglomerates, and nanotrees for chemical sensors. Eurosensors 120, 1158–1161 (2015)
11.
Zurück zum Zitat Sui, R., Charpentier, P.: Synthesis of metal oxide nanostructures by direct sol-gel chemistry in supercritical fluids. Chem. Rev. 112, 3057–3082 (2012)CrossRef Sui, R., Charpentier, P.: Synthesis of metal oxide nanostructures by direct sol-gel chemistry in supercritical fluids. Chem. Rev. 112, 3057–3082 (2012)CrossRef
12.
Zurück zum Zitat Tong, Y.X., Li, G.R.: Electrodeposition of metal oxide nanostructures: growth and properties. Am. Sci. Publ. 5, 1–33 (2010) Tong, Y.X., Li, G.R.: Electrodeposition of metal oxide nanostructures: growth and properties. Am. Sci. Publ. 5, 1–33 (2010)
13.
Zurück zum Zitat Yu, H.K., Lee, J.L.: Growth mechanisms of metal-oxide nanowires synthesized by electron beam evaporation: a self-catalytic vapor-liquid-solid process. Sci. Rep. 4, 1–8 (2014) Yu, H.K., Lee, J.L.: Growth mechanisms of metal-oxide nanowires synthesized by electron beam evaporation: a self-catalytic vapor-liquid-solid process. Sci. Rep. 4, 1–8 (2014)
14.
Zurück zum Zitat Hawkeye, M.M., Taschuk, M.T., Brett, M.J.: Introduction: glancing angle deposition technology. In: Glancing Angle Deposition of Thin Films: Engineering the Nanoscale, pp. 1–30 (2014) Hawkeye, M.M., Taschuk, M.T., Brett, M.J.: Introduction: glancing angle deposition technology. In: Glancing Angle Deposition of Thin Films: Engineering the Nanoscale, pp. 1–30 (2014)
15.
Zurück zum Zitat Zhao, Y.P., Ye, D.X., Wang, G.C., Lu, T.M.: Designing nanostructures by glancing angle deposition. In: Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 5219, pp. 59–73 (2003) Zhao, Y.P., Ye, D.X., Wang, G.C., Lu, T.M.: Designing nanostructures by glancing angle deposition. In: Proceedings of SPIE, vol. 5219, pp. 59–73 (2003)
16.
Zurück zum Zitat Krause, K.M., Taschuk, M.T., Harris, K.D., Rider, D.A., Wakefield, N.G., Sit, J.C., Buriak, J.M., Thommes, M., Brett, M.J.: Surface area characterization of obliquely deposited metal oxide nanostructured thin films. Langmuir 26, 4368–4376 (2009)CrossRef Krause, K.M., Taschuk, M.T., Harris, K.D., Rider, D.A., Wakefield, N.G., Sit, J.C., Buriak, J.M., Thommes, M., Brett, M.J.: Surface area characterization of obliquely deposited metal oxide nanostructured thin films. Langmuir 26, 4368–4376 (2009)CrossRef
17.
Zurück zum Zitat Barranco, A., Borras, A., Gonzalez-Elipe, A.R., Palmero, A.: Perspectives on oblique angle deposition of thin films: From fundamentals to devices. Prog. Mater Sci. 76, 59–153 (2016)CrossRef Barranco, A., Borras, A., Gonzalez-Elipe, A.R., Palmero, A.: Perspectives on oblique angle deposition of thin films: From fundamentals to devices. Prog. Mater Sci. 76, 59–153 (2016)CrossRef
18.
Zurück zum Zitat Hawkeye, M.M., Brett, M.J.: Glancing angle deposition: fabrication, properties, and applications of micro- and nanostructured thin films. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A 25, 1317–1335 (2007)CrossRef Hawkeye, M.M., Brett, M.J.: Glancing angle deposition: fabrication, properties, and applications of micro- and nanostructured thin films. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A 25, 1317–1335 (2007)CrossRef
19.
Zurück zum Zitat Patzig, C., Karabacak, T., Fuhrmann, B., Rauschenbach, B.: Glancing angle sputter deposited nanostructures on rotating substrates: experiments and simulations. J. Appl. Phys. 104, 1–9 (2008)CrossRef Patzig, C., Karabacak, T., Fuhrmann, B., Rauschenbach, B.: Glancing angle sputter deposited nanostructures on rotating substrates: experiments and simulations. J. Appl. Phys. 104, 1–9 (2008)CrossRef
20.
Zurück zum Zitat Robbie, K., Sit, J.C., Brett, M.J.: Advanced techniques for glancing angle deposition. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., B 16, 1115–1122 (1998)CrossRef Robbie, K., Sit, J.C., Brett, M.J.: Advanced techniques for glancing angle deposition. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., B 16, 1115–1122 (1998)CrossRef
21.
Zurück zum Zitat van Kranenburg, H., Lodder, C.: Tailoring growth and local composition by oblique-incidence deposition: a review and new experimental data. Mater. Sci. Eng. 11, 295–354 (1994)CrossRef van Kranenburg, H., Lodder, C.: Tailoring growth and local composition by oblique-incidence deposition: a review and new experimental data. Mater. Sci. Eng. 11, 295–354 (1994)CrossRef
22.
Zurück zum Zitat Jensen, M.O., Brett, M.J.: Porosity engineering in glancing angle deposition thin films. Appl. Phys. A 80, 763–768 (2005)CrossRef Jensen, M.O., Brett, M.J.: Porosity engineering in glancing angle deposition thin films. Appl. Phys. A 80, 763–768 (2005)CrossRef
23.
Zurück zum Zitat Robbie, K., Brett, M.J.: Sculptured thin films and glancing angle deposition: growth mechanics and applications. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A 15, 1460–1465 (1997)CrossRef Robbie, K., Brett, M.J.: Sculptured thin films and glancing angle deposition: growth mechanics and applications. J. Vac. Sci. Technol., A 15, 1460–1465 (1997)CrossRef
24.
Zurück zum Zitat Sun, Y.F., Liu, S.B., Meng, F.L., Liu, J.Y., Jin, Z., Kong, L.T., Liu, J.H.: Metal oxide nanostructures and their gas sensing properties: a review. Sensors 12, 2610–2631 (2012)CrossRef Sun, Y.F., Liu, S.B., Meng, F.L., Liu, J.Y., Jin, Z., Kong, L.T., Liu, J.H.: Metal oxide nanostructures and their gas sensing properties: a review. Sensors 12, 2610–2631 (2012)CrossRef
25.
Zurück zum Zitat Steele, J.J., Taschuk, M.T., Brett, M.J.: Response time of nanostructured relative humidity sensors. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 140, 610–615 (2009)CrossRef Steele, J.J., Taschuk, M.T., Brett, M.J.: Response time of nanostructured relative humidity sensors. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 140, 610–615 (2009)CrossRef
26.
Zurück zum Zitat Steele, J.J., Taschuk, M.T., Brett, M.J.: Nanostructured metal oxide thin films for humidity sensors. IEEE Sens. J. 8(8), 1422–1429 (2008)CrossRef Steele, J.J., Taschuk, M.T., Brett, M.J.: Nanostructured metal oxide thin films for humidity sensors. IEEE Sens. J. 8(8), 1422–1429 (2008)CrossRef
27.
Zurück zum Zitat Setti, G.O., Jesus, D.P.D., Joanni, E.: Self-catalyzed carbon plasma-assisted growth of tin-doped indium oxide nanostructures by the sputtering method. Mater. Res. Express 3, 1–7 (2016)CrossRef Setti, G.O., Jesus, D.P.D., Joanni, E.: Self-catalyzed carbon plasma-assisted growth of tin-doped indium oxide nanostructures by the sputtering method. Mater. Res. Express 3, 1–7 (2016)CrossRef
28.
Zurück zum Zitat Liang, Y.H., Liu, C.P.: Self-assembled Zn/ZnO dots on silicon by RF magnetron sputter. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology, pp. 158–159 (2008) Liang, Y.H., Liu, C.P.: Self-assembled Zn/ZnO dots on silicon by RF magnetron sputter. Microprocesses and Nanotechnology, pp. 158–159 (2008)
29.
Zurück zum Zitat Deniz, D., Frankel, D.J., Lad, R.J.: Nanostructured tungsten and tungsten trioxide films prepared by glancing angle deposition. Thin Solid Films 518, 4095–4099 (2009)CrossRef Deniz, D., Frankel, D.J., Lad, R.J.: Nanostructured tungsten and tungsten trioxide films prepared by glancing angle deposition. Thin Solid Films 518, 4095–4099 (2009)CrossRef
30.
Zurück zum Zitat Wongchoosuk, C., Wisitsoraat, A., Horprathum, M., Tuantranont, A.: Carbon doped tungsten oxide nanorods NO2 sensor prepared by glancing angle RF sputtering. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 181, 388–394 (2013)CrossRef Wongchoosuk, C., Wisitsoraat, A., Horprathum, M., Tuantranont, A.: Carbon doped tungsten oxide nanorods NO2 sensor prepared by glancing angle RF sputtering. Sens. Actuators B Chem. 181, 388–394 (2013)CrossRef
31.
Zurück zum Zitat Horprathum, M., Srichaiyaperk, T., Samransuksamer, B., Wisitsoraat, A., Eiamchai, P., Limwichean, S., et al.: Ultrasensitive hydrogen sensor based on Pt-decorated WO3 NanorodsPrepared by Glancing-Angle dc magnetron sputtering. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 6, 22051–22060 (2014)CrossRef Horprathum, M., Srichaiyaperk, T., Samransuksamer, B., Wisitsoraat, A., Eiamchai, P., Limwichean, S., et al.: Ultrasensitive hydrogen sensor based on Pt-decorated WO3 NanorodsPrepared by Glancing-Angle dc magnetron sputtering. ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces. 6, 22051–22060 (2014)CrossRef
32.
Zurück zum Zitat Oros, C., Wisitsoraat, A., Horprathum, M.: Fabrication and ethanol sensing characterization of tin oxide nanorods prepared by glancing angle deposition technique. Appl. Phys. Mater. Appl. II 675, 163–166 (2016) Oros, C., Wisitsoraat, A., Horprathum, M.: Fabrication and ethanol sensing characterization of tin oxide nanorods prepared by glancing angle deposition technique. Appl. Phys. Mater. Appl. II 675, 163–166 (2016)
33.
Zurück zum Zitat Srinivasarao, K., Rajnikanth, B., Paduangarao, K., Mukhopadhyay, P.K.: Physical investigations on pulsed laser deposited nanocrystalline ZnO thin films. Appl. Phys. A 108(1), 247–254 (2012)CrossRef Srinivasarao, K., Rajnikanth, B., Paduangarao, K., Mukhopadhyay, P.K.: Physical investigations on pulsed laser deposited nanocrystalline ZnO thin films. Appl. Phys. A 108(1), 247–254 (2012)CrossRef
34.
Zurück zum Zitat Hattori, A.N., Ono, A., Tanaka, H.: Position-, size-, and shape-controlled highly crystalline ZnO nanostructures. Nanotechnology 22, 1–5 (2011)CrossRef Hattori, A.N., Ono, A., Tanaka, H.: Position-, size-, and shape-controlled highly crystalline ZnO nanostructures. Nanotechnology 22, 1–5 (2011)CrossRef
35.
Zurück zum Zitat Salim, E.T., Wazny, M.S.A., Fakhry, M.A.: Glancing angle reactive pulsed laser deposition (GRPLD) for Bi2O3/Si heterostructure. Mod. Phys. Lett. B 27(16), 1–27 (2013)CrossRef Salim, E.T., Wazny, M.S.A., Fakhry, M.A.: Glancing angle reactive pulsed laser deposition (GRPLD) for Bi2O3/Si heterostructure. Mod. Phys. Lett. B 27(16), 1–27 (2013)CrossRef
36.
Zurück zum Zitat Marcu, A., Stokker, F., Zamani, R.R., Lunga, C.P.: Glancing angle deposition in a pulsed laser ablation/vapor-liquid-solid grow system. Appl. Surf. Sci. 327, 262–267 (2014)CrossRef Marcu, A., Stokker, F., Zamani, R.R., Lunga, C.P.: Glancing angle deposition in a pulsed laser ablation/vapor-liquid-solid grow system. Appl. Surf. Sci. 327, 262–267 (2014)CrossRef
37.
Zurück zum Zitat Krishna, M.G., Muralidhar, G.K., Rao, K.N., Rao, G.M., Mohan, S.: A novel electron beam evaporation technique for the deposition of superconducting thin films. Phys. C 175, 623–626 (1991)CrossRef Krishna, M.G., Muralidhar, G.K., Rao, K.N., Rao, G.M., Mohan, S.: A novel electron beam evaporation technique for the deposition of superconducting thin films. Phys. C 175, 623–626 (1991)CrossRef
38.
Zurück zum Zitat Chakrabartty, S., Mondal, A., Sarkar, M.B., Choudhuri, B., Saha, A.K., Bhattacharya, A.: TiO2 nanoparticles arrays ultraviolet-a detector with au schottky contact. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 26(11), 1065–1068 (2014)CrossRef Chakrabartty, S., Mondal, A., Sarkar, M.B., Choudhuri, B., Saha, A.K., Bhattacharya, A.: TiO2 nanoparticles arrays ultraviolet-a detector with au schottky contact. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 26(11), 1065–1068 (2014)CrossRef
39.
Zurück zum Zitat Tsoi, S., Fok, E., Sit, J.C., Veinot, J.G.C.: Surface functionalization of porous nanostructured metal oxide thin films fabricated by glancing angle deposition. Chem. Mater. 18, 5260–5266 (2006)CrossRef Tsoi, S., Fok, E., Sit, J.C., Veinot, J.G.C.: Surface functionalization of porous nanostructured metal oxide thin films fabricated by glancing angle deposition. Chem. Mater. 18, 5260–5266 (2006)CrossRef
40.
Zurück zum Zitat Jeon, J.M., Shim, Y.S., Han, S.D., Kim, D.H., Kim, Y.H., Kang, C.Y., Kim, J.S., Kim, M., Jang, H.W.: Vertically ordered SnO2 nanobamboos for substantially improved detection of volatile reducing gases. The Royal Society of Chemistry pp. 1–8 (2013) Jeon, J.M., Shim, Y.S., Han, S.D., Kim, D.H., Kim, Y.H., Kang, C.Y., Kim, J.S., Kim, M., Jang, H.W.: Vertically ordered SnO2 nanobamboos for substantially improved detection of volatile reducing gases. The Royal Society of Chemistry pp. 1–8 (2013)
41.
Zurück zum Zitat Yoo, K.S., Han, S.D., Moon, H.G., Yoon, S.J., Kang, C.Y.: Highly sensitive H2S sensor based on the metal-catalyzed SnO2 nanocolumns fabricated by glancing angle deposition. Sensors 15, 15468–15477 (2015)CrossRef Yoo, K.S., Han, S.D., Moon, H.G., Yoon, S.J., Kang, C.Y.: Highly sensitive H2S sensor based on the metal-catalyzed SnO2 nanocolumns fabricated by glancing angle deposition. Sensors 15, 15468–15477 (2015)CrossRef
42.
Zurück zum Zitat Mondal, A., Singh, N.K., Chinnamuthu, P., Dhar, J.C., Bhattacharyya, A., Choudhury, S.: Enlarged photodetection using SiO x nanowire arrays. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 24(22), 2020–2023 (2012)CrossRef Mondal, A., Singh, N.K., Chinnamuthu, P., Dhar, J.C., Bhattacharyya, A., Choudhury, S.: Enlarged photodetection using SiO x nanowire arrays. IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. 24(22), 2020–2023 (2012)CrossRef
43.
Zurück zum Zitat Ngangbam, C., Shougaijam, B., Mondal, A.: Dispersed Ag nanoparticles on TiO2 nanowire clusters for photodetection. TENCON-IEEE, pp. 1–4 (2014) Ngangbam, C., Shougaijam, B., Mondal, A.: Dispersed Ag nanoparticles on TiO2 nanowire clusters for photodetection. TENCON-IEEE, pp. 1–4 (2014)
44.
Zurück zum Zitat Shuang, S., Xie, Z., Zhang, Z.: Enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance by nanostructured semiconductors with glancing angle deposition method. INTECH, pp. 163–184 (2016) Shuang, S., Xie, Z., Zhang, Z.: Enhanced visible light photocatalytic performance by nanostructured semiconductors with glancing angle deposition method. INTECH, pp. 163–184 (2016)
45.
Zurück zum Zitat Li, Z., Zhu, Y., Zhu, Q., Ni, J., Zhang, Z.: Photocatalytic properties of TiO2 thin films obtained by glancing angle deposition. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258, 2766–2770 (2012)CrossRef Li, Z., Zhu, Y., Zhu, Q., Ni, J., Zhang, Z.: Photocatalytic properties of TiO2 thin films obtained by glancing angle deposition. Appl. Surf. Sci. 258, 2766–2770 (2012)CrossRef
46.
Zurück zum Zitat Srivastava, G.P., Bhatnagar, P.K., Dhariwal, S.R.: Theory of metal-oxide-semiconductor solar cells. Solid State Electron. 22(6), 581–587 (1979)CrossRef Srivastava, G.P., Bhatnagar, P.K., Dhariwal, S.R.: Theory of metal-oxide-semiconductor solar cells. Solid State Electron. 22(6), 581–587 (1979)CrossRef
47.
Zurück zum Zitat Garcia, L.G., Valls, I.G., Cantu, M.L., Barranco, A., Ellipe, A.R.G.: Aligned TiO2 nanocolumnar layers prepared by PVD-GLAD for transparent dye sensitized solar cells. Energy Environ. Sci. 4, 3426–3435 (2011)CrossRef Garcia, L.G., Valls, I.G., Cantu, M.L., Barranco, A., Ellipe, A.R.G.: Aligned TiO2 nanocolumnar layers prepared by PVD-GLAD for transparent dye sensitized solar cells. Energy Environ. Sci. 4, 3426–3435 (2011)CrossRef
48.
Zurück zum Zitat Leem, J.W., Yu, J.S.: Glancing angle deposited ITO films for efficiency enhancement of a-Si:H/µc-Si: H tandem thin film solar cells. Opt. Express 19(S3), A258–A268 (2011)CrossRef Leem, J.W., Yu, J.S.: Glancing angle deposited ITO films for efficiency enhancement of a-Si:H/µc-Si: H tandem thin film solar cells. Opt. Express 19(S3), A258–A268 (2011)CrossRef
Metadaten
Titel
Metal-Oxide Nanostructures Designed by Glancing Angle Deposition Technique and Its Applications on Sensors and Optoelectronic Devices: A Review
verfasst von
Divya Singh
Copyright-Jahr
2017
Verlag
Springer Singapore
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-7470-7_38

Neuer Inhalt