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Environmental Earth Sciences

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01.12.2023 | Original Article

Microscopic mechanisms of shear strength variation in acid- and alkali-contaminated loess

verfasst von: Kuan Liu, Wanjun Ye, Pengwei Long

Erschienen in: Environmental Earth Sciences | Ausgabe 23/2023

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Abstract

The effect of the attack by chemical contaminants on the microstructure of loess and the resultant changes in shear strength properties threaten the safety of engineering projects in Northwest (NW) China. The aim of this study was to investigate the microscopic mechanisms of the variation in shear strength of acid- and alkali-contaminated loess. Intact loess samples were immersed in acid and alkali solutions of various concentrations, and triaxial shear, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and mercury intrusion porosimetry (MIP) measurements were then conducted to assess the effects of acid and alkali contamination on the shear strength and microstructure of loess. The results indicated that the shear properties (stress‒strain behavior, failure strength and cohesion) of loess deteriorated under acid contamination but were improved under alkali contamination. The structural damage (particle fragmentation, cement dissolution, and pore expansion) in acid-contaminated loess intensified with increasing acid concentration. In contrast, structural improvement occurred in alkali-contaminated loess because new cementation balanced local damage and enhanced the degree of structural connection. In acid-contaminated loess, the diffuse double layer (DDL) thinned, the calcium carbonate content rapidly decreased, and the liquid limit (LL) and plastic limit (PL) declined, while in alkali-contaminated loess, these parameters were improved. A series of physicochemical reactions (mineral dissolution, ion exchange, and particle and pore structure adjustment) in the presence of acid and alkali contamination drove the observed structural variation in loess. This comprehensive effect resulted in either loess shear strength enhancement or reduction, depending on whether damage to the original structure or formation of a new structure dominated, respectively. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the response of intact loess under various hydrochemical conditions, which has important practical significance for elucidating the disaster mechanism of loess slopes and facilitating ecological environment protection in acid–alkali-polluted areas.

Nächster Artikel The swelling behaviour of natural expansive stiff clay under different constraint conditions during cyclic wetting and drying

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Titel: Microscopic mechanisms of shear strength variation in acid- and alkali-contaminated loess
verfasst von: Kuan Liu
Wanjun Ye
Pengwei Long
Publikationsdatum: 01.12.2023
Verlag: Springer Berlin Heidelberg
Erschienen in: Environmental Earth Sciences / Ausgabe 23/2023
Print ISSN: 1866-6280
Elektronische ISSN: 1866-6299
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12665-023-11252-z

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