nach oben

Erschienen in:

2024 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

Mirex

verfasst von : Kanchan Kumari, Deepak Marathe

Erschienen in: Pollutants of Global Concern

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Mirex, a versatile chemical compound once employed as an insecticide and fire retardant, has raised concerns due to its environmental persistence and potential health risks. This polychlorinated pesticide belongs to the organochlorine class, with remarkable stability and a half-life of up to 10 years, allowing it to accumulate in ecosystems and the food chain. Mirex’s toxicity extends to various plant and aquatic species, making it a threat to wildlife and biodiversity. While direct human exposure does not exhibit immediate harm, laboratory studies suggest a possible link between mirex and cancer. Consequently, many countries have imposed restrictions or bans on mirex, promoting safer alternatives for pest control and fire protection. This chapter highlights the multifaceted issues surrounding mirex, emphasizing its persistence, toxicity, and regulatory actions.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Hexachlorobenzene

Nächstes Kapitel Toxaphene

Agarwal, A., Prajapati, R., Singh, O. P., Raza, S. K., & Thakur, L. K. (2015). Pesticide residue in water—a challenging task in India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 187, 1–21.

Assey, G. E., & Mogusu, E. (2023). Effects of persistent organic pollutants on environment, health and mountains: A review. Journal of Environmental Engineering and Science, 40(XXXX), 1–8.

Baqar, M., Sadef, Y., Ahmad, S. R., Mahmood, A., Li, J., & Zhang, G. (2018). Organochlorine pesticides across the tributaries of River Ravi, Pakistan: Human health risk assessment through dermal exposure, ecological risks, source fingerprints and spatio-temporal distribution. Science of the Total Environment, 618, 291–305.CrossRef

Bevenue, A., Ogata, J. N., Tengan, L. S., & Hylin, J. W. (1975). Mirex residues in wildlife and soils, Hawaiian pineapple-growing areas – 1972–74. Pesticides Monitoring Journal, 9(3), 141–149.

Bouwman, H., Polder, A., Venter, B., & Skaare, J. U. (2008). Organochlorine contaminants in cormorant, darter, egret, and ibis eggs from South Africa. Chemosphere, 71(2), 227–241.

Capella, R., Guida, Y., Loretto, D., Weksler, M., & Meire, R. O. (2023). Occurrence of legacy organochlorine pesticides in small mammals from two mountainous National Parks in southeastern Brazil. Emerging Contaminants, 9(2), 100211.CrossRef

Colborn, T., Clement C. eds. (1992). Chemically induced alterations in sexual and functional development: The wildlife/human connection. Princeton NJ: Princeton Scientific Publishing, 365–394.

Davison, K. L., Mollenhauer, H. H., Younger, R. L., & Cox, J. H. (1976). Mirex-induced hepatic changes in chickens, Japanese quail and rats. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology,4: 469–482.

Dhang, P. (2023). Role of insect bait in sustainable management of urban pests. In Urban pest management: An environmental perspective (pp. 62–79). GB: CABI.CrossRef

Ens, J. (2023). Corpus-based symbolic music generation: Data, representation, models, evaluation.

EL-Bayomey, A. A., Somak, I. W., & Branch, S. (2002). Embryotoxicity of the pesticide Mirex In vitro. Teratogenesis, Carcinogenesis, and Mutagenesis, 22, 239–249.

Fernandes, I. D. A. A., Maciel, G. M., Bortolini, D. G., Pedro, A. C., Rubio, F. T. V., de Carvalho, K. Q., & Haminiuk, C. W. I. (2023). The bitter side of teas: Pesticide residues and their impact on human health. Food and Chemical Toxicology, 113955.

Fisher, B. E. (1999). Most unwanted. Environmental Health Perspectives, 107(1), A18–A23.CrossRef

Fuller, G. B., & Draper, S. W. (1975). Effect of mirex on induced ovulation in immature rats. Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine, 148(2), 414–417.CrossRef

Girones, L., Oliva, A. L., Marcovecchio, J. E., & Arias, A. H. (2020). Spatial distribution and ecological risk assessment of residual organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in South American marine environments. Current Environmental Health Reports, 7, 147–160. http://toxicslink.org/docs/06029_per_peril.pdCrossRef

Guzzella, L., Roscioli, C., Vigano, L., Saha, M., Sarkar, S. K., & Bhattacharya, A. (2005). Evaluation of the concentration of HCH, DDT, HCB, PCB and PAH in the sediments along the lower stretch of Hugli estuary, West Bengal, northeast India. Environment International, 31(4), 523–534.

Hunt, G. T. (2007). Persistent organic pollutants as compounds of emerging concern. In Microconstituents conference 2007 (pp. 224–239). Water Environment Federation.

Imanishi, K., Kawakami, M., Shimada, A., Chikaishi, K., Kimura, Y., Kajiwara, N., et al. (2004). Detection of pesticides unregistered in Japan, toxaphene and mirex, in the cetaceans from Japanese coastal waters (Vol. 15, p. 429).

Isogai, N., Hogarh, J. N., Seike, N., Kobara, Y., Oyediran, F., Wirmvem, M. J., et al. (2018). Atmospheric monitoring of organochlorine pesticides across some West African countries. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 25, 31828–31835.CrossRef

Jones, A. S., & Hodges, C. S. (1974). Persistence of mirex and its effects on soil microorganisms. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 22(3), 435–439.CrossRef

Jyoti, Yadav, N., Thakur, I. S., & Srivastava, S. (2023). Omics approach in nano-bioremediation of persistent organic pollutants. Genomics Approach to Bioremediation: Principles, Tools, and Emerging Technologies, 271–293.

Kaur, N., Singh, P., Bedi, J. S., & Gupta, A. (2019). Studies on persistent organic pollutants residue in water, sediment and fish tissues of River Sutlej, India. Journal of Environmental Biology, 40(2), 258–264.CrossRef

Kelly, B. C., Gobas, F. A., & McLachlan, M. S. (2004). Intestinal absorption and biomagnification of organic contaminants in fish, wildlife, and humans. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry: An International Journal, 23(10), 2324–2336.CrossRef

Kendall, R. J. (1982). Wildlife toxicology. Environmental Science & Technology, 16(8), 448A–453A.CrossRef

Khan, M. Z., & Law, F. C. (2005). Adverse effects of pesticides and related chemicals on enzyme and hormone systems of fish, amphibians and reptiles: A review. Proceedings of the Pakistan Academy of Sciences, 42(4), 315–323.

Kim, H. T., Kim, K. S., Kim, J. S., & Stone, W. B. (1985). Levels of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), DDE, and mirex in waterfowl collected in New York State, 1981–1982. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 14, 13–18.CrossRef

Kumarasamy, P., Govindaraj, S., Vignesh, S., Rajendran, R. B., & James, R. A. (2012). Anthropogenic nexus on organochlorine pesticide pollution: a case study with Tamiraparani river basin, South India. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 184, 3861–3873.

Kumari, K. (Ed.). (2021). Persistent organic pollutants: Gaps in management and associated challenges (1st ed.). CRC Press. https://doi.org/10.1201/9781003046806CrossRef

Lallas, P. L. (2001). The Stockholm convention on persistent organic pollutants. American Journal of International Law, 95(3), 692–708.CrossRef

León-Santiesteban, H. H., & Rodríguez-Vázquez, R. (2017). Fungal degradation of organochlorine pesticides. Microbe-Induced Degradation of Pesticides, 131–149.

Li, L., Chen, C., Li, D., Breivik, K., Abbasi, G., & Li, Y. F. (2023). What do we know about the production and release of persistent organic pollutants in the global environment? Environmental Science: Advances, 2(1), 55–68.

Mackay, D. (1979). Finding fugacity feasible. Environmental Science & Technology, 13(10), 1218–1223.CrossRef

Mahire, S., Tiwana, A. S., Khan, A., Nalawade, P. M., Bandekar, G., Trehan, N., et al. (2023). Accumulation and effects of persistent organic pollutants and biogeographical solutions: Appraisal of global environment. Arabian Journal of Geosciences, 16(10), 570.CrossRef

Marshall, E. (1982). Mississippi Inc., Pesticide Manufacturer: The state wants to attack fire ants with a cheap version of Mirex; Safer alternatives may be held back as a result. Science, 218(4572), 548–550.CrossRef

Martínez, C., Arroyo, A. M., Alemán, D. B., García, A. G., Caba, M., Garcidueñas, A. L. C., et al. (2022). Persistent organic compounds in human milk and evaluation of the effectiveness of the Stockholm convention in Mexico. Environmental Advances, 8, 100190.CrossRef

Mehendale, H. M., Fishbein, L., Fields, M., & Matthews, H. B. (1972). Fate of mirex-14 C in the rat and plants. Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 8, 200–207.CrossRef

Mirex. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Mirex

Patil, N. N., Selvaraj, K. K., Krishnamoorthy, V., Elaiyaraja, A., & Ramaswamy, B. R. (2015). Organochlorine pesticide contamination in the Kaveri (Cauvery) river, India: a review on distribution profile, status, and trends. Water Challenges and Solutions on a Global Scale, 115–128.

Peivasteh-Roudsari, L., Barzegar-Bafrouei, R., Sharifi, K. A., Azimisalim, S., Karami, M., Abedinzadeh, S., et al. (2023). Origin, dietary exposure, and toxicity of endocrine-disrupting food chemical contaminants: A comprehensive review. Heliyon, 9, e18140.CrossRef

Pope. (2014). Mirex, encyclopedia of toxicology (3rd ed., pp. 345–346., ISBN:9780123864550). Academic. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-386454-3.00165-2CrossRef

Prabhu, R. N., & Lakshmipraba, J. (2022). Persistent organic pollutants (Part I): The “dirty dozen”–sources and adverse effects. Organic Pollutants: Toxicity and Solutions, 1–27.

PubChem. https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/Mirex

Puertas, R., Lopez-Espinosa, M. J., Cruz, F., Ramos, R., Freire, C., Pérez-García, M., et al. (2010). Prenatal exposure to mirex impairs neurodevelopment at age of 4 years. Neurotoxicology, 31(1), 154–160.CrossRef

Rawn, D. F., Quade, S. C., Corrigan, C., Ménard, C., Sun, W. F., Breton, F., et al. (2023). Differences in mirex [dechlorane] and dechlorane plus [syn-and anti-] concentrations observed in Canadian human milk. Chemosphere, 316, 137784.CrossRef

Reagan, T. E., & Mulcahy, M. M. (2019). Interaction of cultural, biological, and varietal controls for management of stalk borers in Louisiana sugarcane. Insects, 10(9), 305.CrossRef

Ren, B., Yang, Y., & Wang, Z. (2011). Notice of retraction: The health implications of Mirex in the environment. In 2011 5th international conference on bioinformatics and biomedical engineering (pp. 1–4). IEEE.

Reshi, M. S., Mustafa, R. A., Javaid, D., & Haque, S. (2022). Pesticide toxicity associated with infertility. In Oxidative stress and toxicity in reproductive biology and medicine: A comprehensive update on male infertility (Vol. II, pp. 59–69). Springer.CrossRef

SC, Stockholmn Convention. (2001). https://chm.pops.int/TheConvention/ThePOPs/ListingofPOPs/tabid/2509/Default.aspx

Shen, L., Reiner, E. J., MacPherson, K. A., Kolic, T. M., Sverko, E. D., Helm, P. A., et al. (2010). Identification and screening analysis of halogenated norbornene flame retardants in the Laurentian Great Lakes: Dechloranes 602, 603, and 604. Environmental Science & Technology, 44(2), 760–766.CrossRef

Srimurali, S., Govindaraj, S., Krishna Kumar, S., & Babu Rajendran, R. (2015). Distribution of organochlorine pesticides in atmospheric air of Tamilnadu, southern India. International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, 12, 1957–1964.

Stockholm Convention. https://chm.pops.int/TheConvention/ThePOPs/The12InitialPOPs/tabid/296/Default.aspx

Su, N. Y., Lagnaoui, A., Wang, Q., Li, X., & Tan, S. (2012). A demonstration project of Stockholm POPs convention to replace chlordane and mirex with IPM for termite control in China. Journal of Integrated Pest Management, 3(4), D1–D8.CrossRef

Takkar, S., Shandilya, C., Agrahari, R., Chaurasia, A., Vishwakarma, K., Mohapatra, S., et al. (2022). Green technology: Phytoremediation for pesticide pollution. In Phytoremediation technology for the removal of heavy metals and other contaminants from soil and water (pp. 353–375). Elsevier.CrossRef

Toxics Link. (2004). Persistent Peril report. Report prepared by Ravi Aggarwal & Papiya Sarkar.

Tschinkel, W. R. (2013). The fire ants. Harvard University Press.CrossRef

Ulland, B. M., Page, N. P., Squire, R. A., Weisburger, E. K., & Cypher, R. L. (1977). A carcinogenicity assay of mirex in Charles River CD rats. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 58(1), 133–140.

USEPA (United States Environmental Protection Agency). (1992). https://iris.epa.gov/static/pdfs/0251_summary.pdf

Vimalkumar, K., Sangeetha, S., Felix, L., Kay, P., & Pugazhendhi, A. (2022). A systematic review on toxicity assessment of persistent emerging pollutants (EPs) and associated microplastics (MPs) in the environment using the Hydra animal model. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology, 256, 109320.

Waters, E. M., Huff, J. E., & Gerstner, H. B. (1977). Mirex. An overview. Environmental Research, 14(2), 212–222.

World Health Organization (WHO). (1984). World Health Organization environmental health criteria 36: Fluorine and fluorides. World Health Organization.

Zhou, S. N., Siddique, S., Lavoie, L., Takser, L., Abdelouahab, N., & Zhu, J. (2014). Hexachloronorbornene-based flame retardants in humans: Levels in maternal serum and milk. Environment International, 66, 11–17.CrossRef

Zitko, V. (2003). Chlorinated pesticides: Aldrin, DDT, endrin, dieldrin, mirex. Persistent Organic Pollutants, 47–90.

Titel: Mirex
verfasst von: Kanchan Kumari
Deepak Marathe
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Pollutants of Global Concern
Print ISBN: 978-3-031-50995-7

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-031-50996-4

Copyright-Jahr: 2024
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-50996-4_8