nach oben

Erschienen in:

2017 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

29. Miscibility, Phase Separation, and Mechanism of Phase Separation of Epoxy/Block-Copolymer Blends

verfasst von : Hernan Garate, Noé J. Morales, Silvia Goyanes, Norma B. D’Accorso

Erschienen in: Handbook of Epoxy Blends

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

Einloggen

Aktivieren Sie unsere intelligente Suche, um passende Fachinhalte oder Patente zu finden.

search-config

KI-gestützte Suche

Aus

Abstract

Incorporating block copolymers into epoxy systems has emerged as a versatile and effective methodology not only to enhance their mechanical properties, but also as an intriguing strategy to design advanced materials with tailored properties. Knowledge of microphase separation mechanisms operating during the development of these materials is essential due to the straight relationship between block copolymer characteristics, epoxy system formulation, and curing conditions with the final nanodomain morphology. This chapter is focused on the thermodynamic and kinetic fundamentals describing microphase separation mechanisms by which the nanodomains are obtained. Moreover, key parameters affecting phase separation mechanisms and morphologies are discussed, explaining how different material properties can be tuned by controlling the nanostructure morphology.

Sie haben noch keine Lizenz? Dann Informieren Sie sich jetzt über unsere Produkte:

Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Wirtschaft+Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 102.000 Bücher
über 537 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Finance + Banking
Management + Führung
Marketing + Vertrieb
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe
Versicherung + Risiko

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Springer Professional "Technik"

Online-Abonnement

Mit Springer Professional "Technik" erhalten Sie Zugriff auf:

über 67.000 Bücher
über 390 Zeitschriften

aus folgenden Fachgebieten:

Automobil + Motoren
Bauwesen + Immobilien
Business IT + Informatik
Elektrotechnik + Elektronik
Energie + Nachhaltigkeit
Maschinenbau + Werkstoffe

Jetzt Wissensvorsprung sichern!

Jetzt informieren

Vorheriges Kapitel Introduction to Epoxy/Block-Copolymer Blends

Nächstes Kapitel Morphology of Epoxy/Block-Copolymer Blends

Amendt MA, Pitet LM, Moench S, Hillmyer MA (2012) Reactive triblock polymers from tandem ring-opening polymerization for nanostructured vinyl thermosets. Polym Chem 3:1827–1837CrossRef

Barton AFM (1990) Handbook of polymer-liquid interaction parameters and solubility parameters. CRC Press, Boca Raton

Bates FS, Fredrickson GH (1999) Block copolymers-designer soft materials. Phys Today 52:32–38CrossRef

Bordes C, Fréville V, Ruffin E, Marote P, Gauvrit JY, Briancon S, Lantéri P (2010) Determination of poly(ε-caprolactone) solubility parameters: application to solvent substitution in a microencapsulation process. Int J Pharm 383:236–243CrossRef

Cano L, Builes DH, Tercjak A (2014) Morphological and mechanical study of nanostructured epoxy systems modified with amphiphilic poly(ethylene oxide-b-propylene oxide-b-ethylene oxide) triblock copolymer. Polymer 55:738–745CrossRef

Caseri W (2000) Nanocomposites of polymers and metals or semiconductors: historical background and optical properties. Macromol Rapid Commun 21:705–722CrossRef

Chen D, Pascault JP, Bertsch RJ, Drake RS, Siebert AR (1994) Synthesis, characterization, and properties of reactive liquid rubbers based on butadiene–acrylonitrile copolymers. J Appl Polym Sci 51:1959–1970CrossRef

Cong H, Li L, Zheng S (2014) Formation of nanostructures in thermosets containing block copolymers: from self-assembly to reaction-induced microphase separation mechanism. Polymer 55:1190–1201CrossRef

Dean JM, Lipic PM, Grubbs RB, Cook RF, Bates FS (2001) Micellar structure and mechanical properties of block copolymer-modified epoxies. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 39:2996–3010CrossRef

Dean JM, Grubbs RB, Saad W, Cook RF, Bates FS (2003a) Mechanical properties of block copolymer vesicle and micelle modified epoxies. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 41:2444–2456CrossRef

Dean JM, Verghese NE, Pham HQ, Bates FS (2003b) Nanostructure toughened epoxy resins. Macromolecules 36:9267–9270CrossRef

Declet-Perez C, Francis LF, Bates FS (2015) Deformation processes in block copolymer toughened epoxies. Macromolecules 48:3672–3684CrossRef

Esposito LH, Ramos JA, Mondragon I, Kortaberria G (2013) Nanostructured thermosetting systems modified with poly(isoprene-b-methyl methacrylate) diblock copolymer and polyisoprene-grafted carbon nanotubes. J Appl Polym Sci 129:1060–1067CrossRef

Esposito LH, Ramos JA, Kortaberria G (2014) Dispersion of carbon nanotubes in nanostructured epoxy systems for coating application. Prog Org Coat 77:1452–1458CrossRef

Fan W, Zheng S (2008) Reaction-induced microphase separation in thermosetting blends of epoxy resin with poly(methyl methacrylate)-block-polystyrene block copolymers: effect of topologies of block copolymers in morphological structures. Polymer 47:3157–3167CrossRef

Fan W, Wang L, Zheng S (2009) Nanostructures in thermosetting blends of epoxy resin with polydimethylsiloxane-block-poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-polystyrene ABC triblock copolymer. Macromolecules 42:327–336CrossRef

Fan W, Wang L, Zheng S (2010) Double reaction-induced microphase separation in epoxy resin containing polystyrene-block-poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-poly-(n-butyl acrylate) ABC triblock copolymer. Macromolecules 43:10600–10611CrossRef

Garate H, Mondragon I, Goyanes S, D’Accorso N (2011) Controlled epoxidation of poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene) block copolymer for the development of nanostructured epoxy thermosets. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 49:4505–4515CrossRef

Garate H, Mondragon I, D’Accorso N, Goyanes S (2013) Exploring microphase separation behavior of epoxidized poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene) block copolymer inside thin epoxy coatings. Macromolecules 46:2182–2187CrossRef

Garate H, Goyanes S, D’Accorso N (2014) Controlling nanodomain morphology of epoxy thermosets modified with reactive amine-containing epoxidized poly(styrene-b-isoprene-b-styrene) block copolymer. Macromolecules 47:7416–7423CrossRef

George SM, Puglia D, Kenny JM, Parameswaranpillai J, Thomas S (2014) Reaction-Induced phase separation and thermomechanical properties in epoxidized styrene-block-butadiene-block-styrene triblock copolymer modified epoxy/DDM system. Ind Eng Chem Res 53:6941–6950CrossRef

Grubbs RB, Dean JM, Broz ME, Bates FS (2000) Reactive block copolymers for modification of thermosetting epoxy. Macromolecules 33:9522–9534CrossRef

Grubbs RB, Dean JM, Bates FS (2001) Methacrylic block copolymers through metal-mediated living free radical polymerization for modification of thermosetting epoxy. Macromolecules 34:8593–8595CrossRef

Guo Q, Thomann R, Gronski W (2002) Phase behavior, crystallization, and hierarchical nanostructures in self-organized thermoset blends of epoxy resin and amphiphilic poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(propylene oxide)-block-poly(ethylene oxide) triblock copolymers. Macromolecules 35:3133–3144CrossRef

Guo Q, Liu J, Chen L, Wang K (2008) Nanostructures and nanoporosity in thermoset epoxy blends with an amphiphilic polyisoprene-block-poly (4-vinyl pyridine) reactive diblock copolymer. Polymer 49:1737–1742CrossRef

Hameed N, Guo Q, Xu Z, Hanley TL, Mai Y-W (2010) Reactive block copolymer modified thermosets: highly ordered nanostructures and improved properties. Soft Matter 6:6119–6129CrossRef

He X, Liu Y, Zhang R, Wu Q, Chen T, Sun P, Wang X, Xue G (2014) Unique interphase and cross-linked network controlled by different miscible blocks in nanostructured epoxy/block copolymer blends characterized by solid-state NMR. J Phys Chem C 118:13285–13299CrossRef

Hedrick JL, Miller RD, Hawker CJ, Carter KR, Volksen W, Yoon DY, Trollsås M (1998) Templating nanoporosity in thin-film dielectric insulators. Adv Mater 10:1049–1053CrossRef

Hermel-Davidock TJ, Tang HS, Murray DJ, Hahn S (2007) Control of the block copolymer morphology in templated epoxy thermosets. J Polym Sci Pol Phys 45:3338–3348CrossRef

Hillmyer MA, Lipic PM, Hajduk DA, Almdal K, Bates FS (1997) Self-assembly and polymerization of epoxy resin-amphiphilic block copolymer nanocomposites. J Am Chem Soc 119:2749–2750CrossRef

Hu D, Zheng S (2009) Reaction-induced microphase separation in epoxy resin containing polystyrene-block-poly(ethylene oxide) alternating multiblock copolymer. Eur Polym J 45:3326–3338CrossRef

Kanzian T, Nigst TA, Maier A, Pichl S, Mayr H (2009) Nucleophilic reactivities of primary and secondary amines in acetonitrile. Eur J Org Chem 2009:6379–6385CrossRef

Karger-Kocsis J, Frölich J, Gryshchuk O, Kautz H, Frey H, Mülhaupt R (2004) Synthesis of reactive hyperbranched and star-like polyethers and their use for toughening of vinylester-urethane hybrid resins. Polymer 45:1185–1195CrossRef

Leonardi AB, Zucchi IA, Williams RJJ (2015) Generation of large and locally aligned wormlike micelles in block copolymer/epoxy blends. Eur Polym J 65:202–208CrossRef

Li T, Heinzer MJ, Redline EM, Zuo F, Bates FS, Francis LF (2014) Microstructure and performance of block copolymer modified epoxy coatings. Prog Org Coat 77:1145–1154CrossRef

Lipic PM, Bates FS, Hillmyer MA (1998) Nanostructured thermosets from self-assembled amphiphilic block copolymer/epoxy resin mixtures. J Am Chem Soc 120:8963–8970CrossRef

Liu J, Sue HJ, Thompson ZJ, Bates FS, Dettloff M, Jacob G, Verghese N, Pham H (2008) Nanocavitation in self-assembled amphiphilic block copolymer-modified epoxy. Macromolecules 41:7616–7624CrossRef

Liu J, Thompson ZJ, Sue H-J, Bates FS, Hillmyer MA, Dettloff M, Jacob G, Verghese N, Pham H (2010) Toughening of epoxies with block copolymer micelles of wormlike morphology. Macromolecules 43:7238–7243CrossRef

Mai Y, Eisenberg A (2012) Self-assembly of block copolymers. Chem Soc Rev 41:5969–5985CrossRef

Maiez-Tribut S, Pascault JP, Soule ER, Borrajo J, Williams RJJ (2007) Nanostructured epoxies based on the self-assembly of block copolymers: a new miscible block that can be tailored to different epoxy formulations. Macromolecules 40:1268–1273CrossRef

Matsen MW, Bates FS (1996) Unifying weak-and strong-segregation block copolymer theories. Macromolecules 29:1092–1098

Meng F, Zheng S, Li H, Liang Q, Liu T (2006) Formation of ordered nanostructures in epoxy thermosets: a mechanism of reaction-induced microphase separation. Macromolecules 39:5072–5080CrossRef

Meng F, Xu Z, Zheng S (2008) Microphase separation in thermosetting blends of epoxy resin and poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-polystyrene block copolymers. Macromolecules 41:1411–1420CrossRef

Mijovic J, Shen M, Wing Sy J, Mondragon I (2000) Dynamics and morphology in nanostructured thermoset network/block copolymer blends during network formation. Macromolecules 33:5235–5244CrossRef

Mikos AG, Peppas NA (1988) Flory interaction parameter χ for hydrophilic copolymers with water. Biomaterials 9:419–423CrossRef

Ng SC, Chee KK (1997) Solubility parameters of copolymers as determined by turbidimetry. Eur Polym J 33:749–752CrossRef

O’Driscoll S, Demirel G, Farrell RA, Fitzgerald TG, O’MAhony C, Holmes JD, Morris MA (2011) The morphology and structure of PS-b-P4VP block copolymer films by solvent annealing: effect of the solvent parameter. Polym Adv Technol 22:915–923CrossRef

Ocando C, Tercjak A, Martín MD, Ramos JA, Campo M, Mondragon I (2009) Morphology development in thermosetting mixtures through the variation on chemical functionalization degree of poly(styrene-b-butadiene) diblock copolymer modifiers. Thermomech Prop Macromol 42:6215–6224CrossRef

Rebizant V, Abetz V, Tournilhac F, Court F, Leibler L (2003) Reactive tetrablock copolymers containing glycidyl methacrylate. Synthesis and morphology control in epoxy-amine networks. Macromolecules 36:9889–9896CrossRef

Rebizant V, Venet A-S, Tournilhac F, Girard-Reydet E, Navarro C, Pascault J-P, Leibler L (2004) Chemistry and mechanical properties of epoxy-based thermosets reinforced by reactive and nonreactive SBMX block copolymers. Macromolecules 37:8017–8027CrossRef

Redline EM, Declet-Perez C, Bates FS, Francis LF (2014) Effect of block copolymer concentration and core composition on toughening epoxies. Polymer 55:4172–4181CrossRef

Ritzenthaler S, Court F, David L, Girard-Reydet E, Leibler L, Pascault JP (2002) ABC triblock copolymers/epoxy-diamine blends. 1. Keys to achieve nanostructured thermosets. Macromolecules 35:6245–6254CrossRef

Ritzenthaler S, Court F, David L, Girard-Reydet E, Leibler L, Pascault JP (2003) ABC triblock copolymers/epoxy-diamine blends. 2. Parameters controlling the morphologies and properties. Macromolecules 36:118–126CrossRef

Romeo H, Zucchi I, Rico M, Hoppe CE, Williams RJJ (2013) From spherical micelles to hexagonally packed cylinders: the cure cycle determines nanostructures generated in block copolymer/epoxy blends. Macromolecules 46:4854–4861CrossRef

Serrano E, Larrañaga M, Remiro PM, Mondragon I, Carrasco PM, Pomposo JA, Mecerreyes D (2004) Synthesis and characterization of epoxidized styrene-butadiene block copolymers as templates for nanostructured thermosets. Macromol Chem Phys 205:987–996CrossRef

Serrano E, Tercjak A, Kortaberria G, Pomposo JA, Mecerreyes D, Zafeiropoulos NE, Stamm M, Mondragon I (2006) Nanostructured thermosetting systems by modification with epoxidized styrene-butadiene star block copolymers. Effect of epoxidation degree. Macromolecules 39:2254–2261CrossRef

Serrano E, Tercjak A, Ocando C, Larrañaga M, Parellada MD, Corona-Galván S, Mecerreyes D, Zafeiropoulos NE, Stamm M, Mondragon I (2007) Curing behavior and final properties of nanostructured thermosetting systems modified with epoxidized styrene-butadiene linear diblock copolymers. Macromol Chem Phys 208:2281–2292CrossRef

Thio YS, Wu J, Bates FS (2006) Epoxy toughening using low molecular weight poly (hexylene oxide)-poly (ethylene oxide) diblock copolymers. Macromolecules 39:7187–7189CrossRef

Thio YS, Wu J, Bates FS (2009) The role of inclusion size in toughening of epoxy resins by spherical micelles. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 47:1125–1129CrossRef

Thompson ZJ, Hillmyer MA, Liu J, Sue H-J, Dettloff M, Bates FS (2009) Block copolymer toughened epoxy: role of cross-link density. Macromolecules 42:2333–2335CrossRef

Van Krevelen DW (1990) Properties of polymers, 3rd edn. Elsevier, Amsterdam

Verchère D, Sautereau H, Pascault JP, Moschiar SM, Riccardi CC, Williams RJJ (1989) Polymer 30:107–115CrossRef

Williams RJJ, Rozenberg BA, Pascault J-P (1997) Reaction-induced phase separation in modified thermosetting polymers. In: Abe A, Albertsson AC, Coates GW, Genzer J, Kobayashi S, Lee K-S, Leibler L, Long TE, Möller M, Okay O, Percec V, Tang BZ, Terentjev EM, Vicent MJ, Voit B, Wiesner U, Zhang X (eds) Advances in polymer science. Springer, Berlin, pp 95–156

Wu J, Thio YS, Bates FS (2005) Structure and properties of PBO–PEO diblock copolymer modified epoxy. J Polym Sci Pol Chem 43:1950–1965CrossRef

Xu Z, Zheng S (2007) Morphology and thermomechanical properties of nanostructured thermosetting blends of epoxy resin and poly(ε-caprolactone)-block polydimethylsiloxane-block-poly((ε -caprolactone) triblock copolymer. Polymer 48:6134–6144CrossRef

Yu R, Zheng S (2011) Morphological transition from spherical to lamellar nanophases in epoxy thermosets containing poly(ethylene oxide)-block-poly(ε-caprolactone)-block-polystyrene triblock copolymer by hardeners. Macromolecules 44:8546–8557CrossRef

Yu R, Zheng S, Li X, Wang J (2012) Reaction-induced microphase separation in epoxy thermosets containing block copolymers composed of polystyrene and poly(ε-caprolactone): influence of copolymer architectures on formation of nanophases. Macromolecules 45:9155–9168

Yu Y, Dubois P, Teyssié P, Jérôme R (1997) Difunctional initiator based on 1,3-diisopropenylbenzene.6. Synthesis of methyl methacrylate − butadiene − methyl methacrylate triblock copolymers. Macromolecules 30:4254–4261CrossRef

Zhang C, Li L, Zheng S (2013) Formation and confined crystallization of polyethylene nanophases in epoxy thermosets. Macromolecules 46:2740–2753CrossRef

Zheng Y, Xue Q, Zhu L, Xin Z, Sheng Y, Ren W (2014) Copolymer architecture effects on the morphology and surface performance of epoxy thermosets containing fluorinated block copolymers. J Polym Sci Pol Phys 52:1037–1045CrossRef

Zhu B, Katsoulis DE, Keryk JR, McGarry FJ (2004) Toughening of polysilsesquioxane network by simultaneous incorporation of short and long PDMS chain segments. Macromolecules 37:1455–1462CrossRef

Titel: Miscibility, Phase Separation, and Mechanism of Phase Separation of Epoxy/Block-Copolymer Blends
verfasst von: Hernan Garate
Noé J. Morales
Silvia Goyanes
Norma B. D’Accorso
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Handbook of Epoxy Blends
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-40041-9

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-40043-3

Copyright-Jahr: 2017
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-40043-3_31

Premium Partner

Marktübersichten

Die im Laufe eines Jahres in der „adhäsion“ veröffentlichten Marktübersichten helfen Anwendern verschiedenster Branchen, sich einen gezielten Überblick über Lieferantenangebote zu verschaffen.

Zur Marktübersicht