MoS₂ and Fe₃O₄ modified spongy wood with micro-reaction cellulose channels and natural water transfer to enhance tetracycline removal

Recyclable foam-sponge construction wood (FSC-wood) with a three-dimensional porous cellulose framework exhibits excellent renewability and availability in various fields. Considering this, herein, we report a novel FSC-wood-based MoS₂ and Fe₃O₄-doped catalyst named MoS₂@Fe₃O₄@FSC-wood made by a facile hydrothermal method to efficiently activate persulfate (PS). MoS₂ and Fe₃O₄ were utilized to improve the catalytic and mechanical performance of FSC-wood. In the meantime, the cellulose structural wood had been applied to anchor catalyst powder and catalytic residue. It was found that the catalytic performance was fully exerted by the combination of wood and dispersed catalyst. For example, 50 mL TC (20 mg mL⁻¹) was degraded 83% in 10 min at pH 6.98. Also, the recovery problem was solved as shown in the process of reuse due to the interaction between MoS₂@Fe₃O₄ and FSC-wood. In addition, the bound Fe (II)/Fe (III), Mo (VI)/Mo (IV), and S²⁻/S₂²⁻ showed the possible degradation mechanisms in the cellulose frame. Most important of all, this work proposes a novel strategy for expanding the applications of the MoS₂@Fe₃O₄@FSC-wood system to explore the gap between theory and practice. This research shows that the resulting MoS₂@Fe₃O₄@FSC-wood cellulose sensor is highly efficient, easily recycled, and convenient, making it an attractive material for TC removal.