32. Nanotechnology Health, Safety, and Environment Overview

This chapter focuses on the environmental, health, and safety (HSE) aspects of nanotechnology and nanomaterials. The HSE aspect of nanomaterials is gaining more visibility, and organizations will be required to address the needs of both people and the environment. The fact that various nanomaterials are more reactive than their bulk counterparts creates a need to address the possible effects, which are typically unknown, in working with, handling, storing, applying, manufacturing, and creating novel combinations of nanomaterials. This chapter provides an overview of some of the characteristics of known nanomaterials, identifies known effects on people and the environment, and addresses the need and method of proper handling of nanomaterials. There are methods to be implemented to address current and possible future concerns. Education is critical to the proper and safe handling of nanomaterials.

Nanomaterials are being introduced into more aspects of everyday products. The application of novel materials, which have properties that are not fully known, into packaging raises the question of “what are the impacts of the application of these materials on people’s health, overall safety, and long term impact on the environment.” This chapter provides a short review of the possible material effects. The key to safe application of nanomaterials is the development of a program and process that ensures steps are taken to minimize risks and control materials. This chapter also provides links to sources of regulatory agencies and other organizations that continually track the latest developments in nanomaterial investigations.