Numerical Modeling of Human Tissues and Scattering Parameters for Microwave Cancer Imaging Systems

In this paper the use of S-parameters (scattering parameters) in the design of microwave Ultra-Wide Band, UWB transceiver system has been investigated. The S-parameters are mainly reflection (S₁₁ or Γ) and transmission coefficients (S₁₂ or Τ). Numerical modeling of them is achieved by means of computational electromagnetic tool called finite difference frequency domain and the sample tissues taken are human breast. The reason for selecting frequency domain simulations is because S-parameters are also analyzed in frequency domain. Numerical modeling helps in simulating the problem much faster than corresponding analytical simulations thus helping in detecting tumors in the tissues quicker. The results are compared with analytical values to find error and accuracy in the numerical computations. Results showed that S₁₁-parameters are very handy for the design of transmitter and receiver filters for a microwave ultra-wide band system and how they can be efficiently used for early detection of cancer (benign or malignant) in normal human tissues for microwave cancer imaging systems. Individuality of this research work is that instead of individual layers analysis (as done in the past) full heterogeneous breast tissue is analytically and numerically modeled here for finding its channel impulse response.