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2018 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

6. Off-Grid Wind and Hydro Power Systems

verfasst von : Henry Louie

Erschienen in: Off-Grid Electrical Systems in Developing Countries

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

This chapter continues our discussion on energy conversion technologies. The on-going cost and difficulty in maintaining a reliable supply of fossil or biomass fuel make gen sets impractical for some off-grid applications. Wind turbines, hydro turbines, and photovoltaic arrays have no fuel costs. Instead, they make use of locally available and replenishable energy sources. This chapter describes the principle of operation, modeling, analysis, and practical considerations of wind energy conversion systems and micro hydro power systems. Particular attention is given to the use of wind energy conversion systems for battery charging. The design and analysis of Pelton turbines are discussed.

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Vorheriges Kapitel Off-Grid Generators, Gen Sets, and Biomass Systems

Nächstes Kapitel Photovoltaic Arrays

The Betz Limit states that a wind turbine, regardless of design, cannot extract more than 16/27 (0.593) of the kinetic energy of wind.

This is a typical tower height for utility-scale wind turbines; wind turbine towers used in off-grid applications are usually do not exceed 30 m.

One kilowatt is equal to 1.34 hp (horsepower).

In some larger systems, a surge tank is used that allows the kinetic energy to transform to potential energy, thus reducing the pressure increase.

Bartmann, D., Fink, D.: Homebrew Wind Power. Buckville Publications (2009)

Csanady, G.T.: Theory of Turbomachines. McGraw-Hill, New York (1964)

Davis, S.: Microhydro. New Society Publishers (2003)

Davis, S. (ed.): Microhydro. New Society Publishers (2010)

Harvey, A., Brown, A., Hettiarachi, P., Inversin, A.: Micro-Hydro Design Manual. Practical Action Publishing (1993)

International Renewable Energy Agency: Off-grid renewable energy systems: Status and methodological issues (2015). URL http://www.irena.org/publications/2015/Feb/Off-grid-renewable-energy-systems-Status-and-methodological-issues

Jawahar, C., Michael, P.A.: A review on turbines for micro hydro power plant. Renew. Sustain. Energy Rev. 72, 882–887 (2017). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.01.133. URL http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1364032117301454 CrossRef

Latoufis, K.C., Pazios, T.V., Hatziargyriou, N.D.: Locally manufactured small wind turbines: Empowering communities for sustainable rural electrification. IEEE Electrification Mag. 3(1), 68–78 (2015). doi:https://doi.org/10.1109/MELE.2014.2380073 CrossRef

Thake, J.: The Micro-Hydro Pelton Turbine Manual. Practical Action Publishing (2000)

Titel: Off-Grid Wind and Hydro Power Systems
verfasst von: Henry Louie
Verlag: Springer International Publishing
Buch: Off-Grid Electrical Systems in Developing Countries
Print ISBN: 978-3-319-91889-1

Electronic ISBN: 978-3-319-91890-7

Copyright-Jahr: 2018
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-91890-7_6