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2019 | OriginalPaper | Buchkapitel

10. Photoemission Electron Microscopy

verfasst von : Jun Feng, Andreas Scholl

Erschienen in: Springer Handbook of Microscopy

Verlag: Springer International Publishing

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Abstract

Photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) is a cathode lens electron microscopy technique. This specialized electron microscopy technique excels in studying the morphology, electronic and chemical properties and the magnetic structure of surfaces and thin film materials with nanometer-scale spatial resolution. In this chapter, we describe X-PEEM instrumentation and a typical X-PEEM optical system, discuss aberrations that limit the optical performance of X-PEEM microscopes, describe contrast mechanisms, and present several examples that cover some of the common use cases for X-PEEM, in particular the magnetic and time-resolved microscopy of nanostructures.

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Zurück zum Zitat E. Arenholz, G. van der Laan, R.V. Chopdekar, Y. Suzuki: Angle-dependent Ni2+x-ray magnetic linear dichroism: interfacial coupling revisited, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 197201-4 (2007) E. Arenholz, G. van der Laan, R.V. Chopdekar, Y. Suzuki: Angle-dependent Ni2+x-ray magnetic linear dichroism: interfacial coupling revisited, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 197201-4 (2007)
Zurück zum Zitat H. Ohldag, T.J. Regan, J. Stöhr, A. Scholl, F. Nolting, J. Luning, C. Stamm, S. Anders, R.L. White: Spectroscopic identification and direct imaging of interfacial magnetic spins, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 247201 (2001) H. Ohldag, T.J. Regan, J. Stöhr, A. Scholl, F. Nolting, J. Luning, C. Stamm, S. Anders, R.L. White: Spectroscopic identification and direct imaging of interfacial magnetic spins, Phys. Rev. Lett. 87, 247201 (2001)
Zurück zum Zitat H. Ohldag, A. Scholl, F. Nolting, E. Arenholz, S. Maat, A.T. Young, M. Carey, J. Stöhr: Correlation between exchange bias and pinned interfacial spins, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 017203 (2003) H. Ohldag, A. Scholl, F. Nolting, E. Arenholz, S. Maat, A.T. Young, M. Carey, J. Stöhr: Correlation between exchange bias and pinned interfacial spins, Phys. Rev. Lett. 91, 017203 (2003)
Zurück zum Zitat E. Folven, A. Scholl, A. Young, S. Retterer, J. Boschker, T. Tybell, Y. Takamura, J. Grepstad: Crossover from spin-flop coupling to collinear spin alignment in antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic nanostructures, Nano Lett. 12, 2386–2390 (2012) E. Folven, A. Scholl, A. Young, S. Retterer, J. Boschker, T. Tybell, Y. Takamura, J. Grepstad: Crossover from spin-flop coupling to collinear spin alignment in antiferromagnetic/ferromagnetic nanostructures, Nano Lett. 12, 2386–2390 (2012)
Zurück zum Zitat E. Folven, J. Linder, O. Gomonay, A. Scholl, A. Doran, A. Young, S. Retterer, V. Malik, T. Tybell, Y. Takamura, J. Grepstad: Controlling the switching field in nanomagnets by means of domain-engineered antiferromagnets, Phys. Rev. B 92, 057204-5 (2013) E. Folven, J. Linder, O. Gomonay, A. Scholl, A. Doran, A. Young, S. Retterer, V. Malik, T. Tybell, Y. Takamura, J. Grepstad: Controlling the switching field in nanomagnets by means of domain-engineered antiferromagnets, Phys. Rev. B 92, 057204-5 (2013)
Zurück zum Zitat M.S. Lee, T.A. Wynn, E. Folven, R.V. Chopdekar, A. Scholl, A.T. Young, S.T. Retterer, J.K. Grepstad, Y. Takamura: Tailoring spin textures in complex oxide micromagnets, ACS Nano 10, 8545–8551 (2016) M.S. Lee, T.A. Wynn, E. Folven, R.V. Chopdekar, A. Scholl, A.T. Young, S.T. Retterer, J.K. Grepstad, Y. Takamura: Tailoring spin textures in complex oxide micromagnets, ACS Nano 10, 8545–8551 (2016)
Zurück zum Zitat A. Farhan, P. Derlet, A. Kleibert, A. Balan, R. Chopdekar, M. Wyss, J. Perron, A. Scholl, F. Nolting, L. Heyderman: Direct observation of thermal relaxation in artificial spin ice, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 197201-4 (2007) A. Farhan, P. Derlet, A. Kleibert, A. Balan, R. Chopdekar, M. Wyss, J. Perron, A. Scholl, F. Nolting, L. Heyderman: Direct observation of thermal relaxation in artificial spin ice, Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 197201-4 (2007)
Zurück zum Zitat I. Gilbert, Y.Y. Lao, I. Carrasquillo, L. O'Brien, J.D. Watts, M. Manno, C. Leighton, A. Scholl, C. Nisoli, P. Schiffer: Emergent reduced dimensionality by vertex frustration in artificial spin ice, Nature Phys. 12, 162–165 (2016) I. Gilbert, Y.Y. Lao, I. Carrasquillo, L. O'Brien, J.D. Watts, M. Manno, C. Leighton, A. Scholl, C. Nisoli, P. Schiffer: Emergent reduced dimensionality by vertex frustration in artificial spin ice, Nature Phys. 12, 162–165 (2016)
Zurück zum Zitat F. Kronast, N. Friedenberger, K. Ollefs, S. Gliga, L. Tati-Bismaths, R. Thies, A. Ney, R. Weber, C. Hassel, F.M. Romer, A.V. Trunova, C. Wirtz, R. Hertel, H.A. Durr, M. Farle: Element-specific magnetic hysteresis of individual 18 nm Fe nanocubes, Nano Lett. 11, 1710–1715 (2011) F. Kronast, N. Friedenberger, K. Ollefs, S. Gliga, L. Tati-Bismaths, R. Thies, A. Ney, R. Weber, C. Hassel, F.M. Romer, A.V. Trunova, C. Wirtz, R. Hertel, H.A. Durr, M. Farle: Element-specific magnetic hysteresis of individual 18 nm Fe nanocubes, Nano Lett. 11, 1710–1715 (2011)
Zurück zum Zitat B. Leung, A. Hitchcock, R. Cornelius, J. Brash, A. Scholl, A. Doran: X-ray spectromicroscopy study of protein adsorption to a polystyrene-polylactide blend, Biomacromolecules 10, 1838–1845 (2009) B. Leung, A. Hitchcock, R. Cornelius, J. Brash, A. Scholl, A. Doran: X-ray spectromicroscopy study of protein adsorption to a polystyrene-polylactide blend, Biomacromolecules 10, 1838–1845 (2009)
Zurück zum Zitat I.N. Koprinarov, A.P. Hitchcock, C.T. McCrory, R.F. Childs: Quantitative mapping of structured polymeric systems using singular value decomposition analysis of soft X-ray images, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 5358–5364 (2002) I.N. Koprinarov, A.P. Hitchcock, C.T. McCrory, R.F. Childs: Quantitative mapping of structured polymeric systems using singular value decomposition analysis of soft X-ray images, J. Phys. Chem. B 106, 5358–5364 (2002)
Zurück zum Zitat R.A. Metzler, M. Abrecht, R.M. Olabisi, D. Ariosa, C.J. Johnson, B.H. Frazer, S.N. Coppersmith, P.U.P.A. Gilbert: Architecture of columnar nacre, implications for its formation mechanism, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 268102-4 (2007) R.A. Metzler, M. Abrecht, R.M. Olabisi, D. Ariosa, C.J. Johnson, B.H. Frazer, S.N. Coppersmith, P.U.P.A. Gilbert: Architecture of columnar nacre, implications for its formation mechanism, Phys. Rev. Lett. 98, 268102-4 (2007)
Zurück zum Zitat P.U.P.A. Gilbert, R.A. Metzler, D. Zhou, A. Scholl, A. Doran, A. Young, M. Kunz, N. Tamura, S.N. Coppersmith: Gradual ordering in red abalone nacre, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 17519–17527 (2008) P.U.P.A. Gilbert, R.A. Metzler, D. Zhou, A. Scholl, A. Doran, A. Young, M. Kunz, N. Tamura, S.N. Coppersmith: Gradual ordering in red abalone nacre, J. Am. Chem. Soc. 130, 17519–17527 (2008)
Zurück zum Zitat R.T. DeVol, R.A. Metzler, L. Kabalah-Amitai, B. Pokroy, Y. Politi, A. Gal, L. Addadi, S. Weiner, A. Fernandez-Martinez, R. Demichelis, J.D. Gale, J. Ihli, F.C. Meldrum, A.Z. Blonsky, C.E. Killian, C.B. Salling, A.T. Young, M.A. Marcus, A. Scholl, A. Doran, C. Jenkins, H.A. Bechtel, P.U.P.A. Gilbert: Oxygen spectroscopy and polarization-dependent imaging contrast (PIC)-mapping of calcium carbonate minerals and biominerals, J. Phys. Chem. B 118, 8449–8457 (2014) R.T. DeVol, R.A. Metzler, L. Kabalah-Amitai, B. Pokroy, Y. Politi, A. Gal, L. Addadi, S. Weiner, A. Fernandez-Martinez, R. Demichelis, J.D. Gale, J. Ihli, F.C. Meldrum, A.Z. Blonsky, C.E. Killian, C.B. Salling, A.T. Young, M.A. Marcus, A. Scholl, A. Doran, C. Jenkins, H.A. Bechtel, P.U.P.A. Gilbert: Oxygen spectroscopy and polarization-dependent imaging contrast (PIC)-mapping of calcium carbonate minerals and biominerals, J. Phys. Chem. B 118, 8449–8457 (2014)
Zurück zum Zitat G. De Stasio, B.H. Frazer, B. Gilbert, K.L. Richter, J.W. Valley: Compensation of charging in X-PEEM: A successful test on mineral inclusions in 4.4 Ga old zircon, Ultramicroscopy 98, 57–62 (2003) G. De Stasio, B.H. Frazer, B. Gilbert, K.L. Richter, J.W. Valley: Compensation of charging in X-PEEM: A successful test on mineral inclusions in 4.4 Ga old zircon, Ultramicroscopy 98, 57–62 (2003)
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Metadaten
Titel
Photoemission Electron Microscopy
verfasst von
Jun Feng
Andreas Scholl
Copyright-Jahr
2019
Verlag
Springer International Publishing
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-00069-1_10

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