Preparation and properties of hot-deformed magnets processed from nanocrystalline/amorphous Nd–Fe–B powders

The hot-deformed magnets processed from nanocrystalline/amorphous Nd–Fe–B powders were prepared under different hot-pressing temperatures (600–750 °C, at intervals of 25 °C) by the self-made hot-pressing equipment. The microstructure and magnetic properties of hot-deformed magnets prepared at different temperatures were also investigated. When the temperature is above 650 °C, the density of magnet reaches 7.5 g·cm⁻³. The optimum magnetic properties of magnetic induction intensity of B_r = 1.3 T, optimum energy product of (BH)_max = 282.5 kJ·m⁻³, intrinsic coercivity of H_cj = 1130.0 kA·m⁻¹ of hot-deformed magnets are obtained at hot-pressing temperature of 650 °C. X-ray diffractometer pattern shows that the (00L) texture has been obtained. For the microstructural characteristic, on the one hand, the good magnetic performance is attributed to the fine platelet-like grains with an average length of 410–440 nm at the hot-pressing temperature range from 625 to 675 °C. On the other hand, the unaligned coarse grains are observed in all the samples. And the areal fraction of those is gradually increasing with the rise of the hot-pressing temperature, which tends to deteriorate the magnetic properties. The composition map shows the accumulation of Nd/Pr-rich phase in the coarse grains’ region.