Relaxor ferroelectric behavior of “A” site deficient Bismuth doped Barium Titanate ceramic

A site deficient Bi doped BaTiO₃ ceramic with general formula Ba_1-xBi_2x/3TiO₃ (x = 0.00, 0.01, 0.025) is prepared by solid state reaction route. The phase formation and structural property of all compositions are studied by X-Ray Diffraction pattern. The pattern reports single phase tetragonal crystal system with space group of P4mm. The XRD study also reveals that bismuth (Bi) replaces “A” site (Ba) of the BaTiO₃ pervoskite. The surface morphology of the sintered pellets is studied by scanning electron microscopy which shows a decrease in grain size with an increase in Bi concentration. The temperature and frequency dependent dielectric behaviors of the compositions are studied to show the effect of Bi ion on the “A” (Ba) site of BaTiO₃ perovskite. The dielectric constant decreases and transition temperature increases with increase in Bi concentration. Substitution of Bi ion induces diffuse ferroelectric behavior and the degree of diffuseness increases with increase in doping concentration. The ferroelectric behavior is also confirmed by the P-E loop study.