Routing Protocol Based Quality of Service and Links Stability (RPQLS) for Future Internet of Vehicles

Internet of Vehicles (IoV) is a significant part of the Internet of Things. However, vehicles in IoV network are characterized by their high mobility, which makes it challenging to maintain stable communication stability and high quality of service. A clustering protocol provides an efficient solution to ensure high quality of service for vehicles and increase the network’s communication lifetime by grouping vehicles into clusters to reduce network overhead and ensure load balancing between resources. However, existing clustering models have several issues that impact network performance, such as choosing ineffective metrics to select routes between cluster heads and between cluster members. Additionally, most clustering communication techniques fail to adapt to the unique characteristics of IoVs. Therefore, the effectiveness of clustering communication algorithms has a significant impact on the communication’s lifetime. In this paper, we propose a Routing Protocol based Quality of Service and Links Stability (RPQLS) that aims to ensure route stability according to two levels. In the first one, the best routes are discovered by using metrics such as signal strength, bandwidth, delay and node velocity. In the second level, an approach for estimating links lifetime has been used. The latter is based on speed and direction parameters in order to find the most durable route. To this end, the Fuzzy Logic method has been used to reach our objective. The performance evaluation of RPQLS has been carried out through the NS-3 simulator and compared with GICA, QoS Cluster and weight-based protocols. RPQLS improves the PDR by 20%, delay by 41% and network overhead by 41%.